Regional assistance programs for large families. Measures of state support for large families
Despite the ongoing efforts in our country aimed at encouraging the birth rate and helping large families, at present the legislative framework RF, developed at the federal level, remains quite scarce. Federal Law on State Support for Large Families is still in the process of being adopted State Duma. A similar law was already discussed by our legislators in 1999 and was even approved by them, but the president rejected it, considering that a number of provisions of the bill were contrary to the Constitution.
Therefore, one of the few documents that laid down the main directions of state assistance to large families is the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 5, 1992 N 431 "On measures for the social support of large families." This legal act instructs the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to establish categories of families that in a particular region (subject) will be considered large families and need social support. Moreover, such assistance can be directly conditioned by demographic, socio-economic, cultural and other national characteristics this region. Among the measures to assist large families, defining social guarantees for children, the Decree establishes:
1. free provision of medicines for children under six years of age;
2. priority;
3. free food and travel for children studying in educational institutions;
4. free provision of school uniforms (or other clothing suitable for), as well as sportswear;
5. free access to cultural and leisure institutions (museums, exhibitions, parks). True, in the wording of the Decree, you can use this opportunity no more than once a month.
In addition, the Decree provides for a number of social measures that provide additional guarantees for parents with many children(families). In particular, it is provided:
1. 30% discount on utility bills (gas, electricity, water, etc.);
2. rendering necessary assistance(material assistance, benefits, loans, etc.), incl. provision of land for parents with many children who have expressed a desire to organize a peasant economy;
3. priority provision of the family with garden plots;
4. provision of credits, loans, subsidies for housing construction;
5. assistance in the employment of parents, incl. using flexible working hours. It is worth mentioning right away that the Labor Code (Article 93) provides for the possibility of establishing part-time work for an employee and a parent with many children can exercise this right.
In mid-2011, a change was made to the land legislation. Now, in accordance with paragraph 2 of Art. 28 of the Land Code, families with three or more children can receive free of charge land plot, and the procedure for providing and the size of such a site is established by the legislation of each subject of the Russian Federation. For example, in the Moscow region, in accordance with its law (“On the free provision land plots...”), a large family is allocated 15 acres of land, and in the Ivanovo region - only 12.
Looking at this document from a different angle, we can say that it is in it that for the first time at the federal level the criterion for a large family is defined (that is, the number of children in such a family must be at least three). Although guided by the above Presidential Decree, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have developed their own legislation aimed at social support for large families living in a particular region, and in all regional laws, a family with three or more children is recognized as a large family. However, the age of children in some regions (Moscow, Chechen Republic) may be limited to sixteen years, while in other subjects (Moscow, Ryazan regions, Udmurt republic) a child by such laws will be considered dependent on his parents until he reaches the age of 18 years.
In various regions, social guarantees may correspond to the list drawn up in the Decree, or they may significantly expand it. For example, in the Republic of Bashkortostan, monthly payments are provided, and families with four children - one thousand, and those raising five or more children - one and a half thousand rubles. IN Ryazan region an annual compensation (2,000 rubles) was established for the purchase of school supplies, while in Moscow the number of cash payments is much higher. In addition to the annual payment for the purchase of school clothes (5 thousand rubles), monthly allowances for the child (750 rubles) are paid, the increase in the cost of food, life, housing and telephone costs (675 + 600 + 450 + 218 rubles, respectively), however, some of these payments are made only if a large Moscow family is recognized as poor. In the Moscow region, it is stipulated that the period of raising children is included in the insurance period for one of the parents, and in families with 5 or more children, the mother can also count on a monthly supplement to the pension (500 rubles). A one-time allowance is paid at the birth of the third and subsequent children (5 thousand rubles), as well as monthly allowances (700 rubles).
In conclusion, it should be said that families with many children enjoy a number of benefits and benefits, however, their volume will directly depend on the subject in which such a family lives, so the current regional legislation should be clarified with local social security authorities.
PUBLIC COUNCIL
CENTRAL FEDERAL DISTRICT
PROGRAM
State support
large families
in Russian Federation
for 2008-2015
I. PASSPORT OF THE STATE SUPPORT PROGRAM FOR LARGE FAMILIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
FOR 2008-2015
1. Name.
The program of state support for large families in the Russian Federation for 2008-2015 (hereinafter referred to as the Program).
2. Correlation of the Program with priority national projects.
The program in its content does not duplicate the existing priority national projects"Health", "Education" and "Affordable and comfortable housing - for the citizens of Russia", but complements the measures provided for by them and implements an independent strategic direction of the state social policy.
3. Terms and stages of the Program implementation.
The estimated period for the implementation of the Program is 2008-2015.
Stage I - 2008-2010 (formation of an appropriate organizational and legal framework, implementation of the proposed measures of the Program);
Stage II - 2011-2015 (continuation of the implementation of the proposed measures, taking into account the results of the implementation of stage I).
4. Definition of the concept of "large family" in this Program.
In this Program under large family understood:
for subjects of the Russian Federation with negative natural population growth - a family with three or more children (including adopted children), including: educational institutions until they reach the age of 18; children studying in institutions of secondary vocational and higher vocational education full-time education of any organizational and legal forms, until graduation, until they reach the age of 22;
for subjects of the Russian Federation with positive natural population growth - a family with four or more children (including the above categories of persons).
5. Relevance of the Program.
The serious demographic problems of Russia, and, above all, the problems of population reproduction, necessitate special attention on the part of society and the state to the situation of families with children.
The development and implementation of an effective demographic and social policy aimed at supporting families requires an analysis of their problems, taking into account regional characteristics.
A large family should be considered in the general context of the formation and implementation of state social policy, since its problems are part of the problems of modern Russian society, and the situation of large families is one of the indicators that characterize all types of social trouble.
The main characteristics of large families in the Russian Federation:
the share of large families in Russia is insignificant and amounts to 2.6% of the total number of households (including single-parent households) and 6.6% of the number of families with children (according to the 2002 All-Russian Census);
the number of large families has been declining in recent decades and has stabilized at a minimally low level;
The prevalence of large families in Russia has a distinct regional character. Unlike most regions of Russia, a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation that are part of the Southern Federal District are characterized by a traditionally high level of large families;
the predominance of large families with three children - 75% of the total number of large families in the Russian Federation; families with five or more children make up 7.7% of the total number of large families.
At present, the appearance of a child in a family, as a rule, significantly reduces its standard of living, and the presence of three or more children makes the family poor in the vast majority of cases. The level of family poverty in Russia is mainly determined by the contribution of large families to the overall picture. The share of families with 3 or more children with a monthly average per capita income below the subsistence level in total number families with children in the fourth quarter of 2005 (based on sample surveys of household budgets) was 65.2%.
At the same time, large families, especially single-parent families with three or more children, are characterized by the maximum risk and degree of poverty. Due to the higher dependency burden and lower relative number employed family members, they stand out in comparison with other categories of families in all socio-economic indicators of living standards.
The vast majority of large families fall into the category of the poor, have inadequate and unbalanced nutrition, and are burdened with significant housing problems:
almost 40% of families with many children experience significant problems in providing children with seasonal clothing and footwear;
almost half of families with many children cannot buy medicines prescribed by a doctor in in full;
a third of large families are forced to limit themselves in products;
in 25% of large families, children cannot complete full high school, because need to earn.
A special problem for large families is housing. The level of home improvement for families with many children is extremely low, not suitable for families with a large number of children. Almost half of families with many children experience significant problems with housing (not meeting the established standards of housing, or emergency, requiring urgent repairs). About 60% of families with many children live in “no amenities” housing, which lacks central heating or running water, sewerage and hot water supply. IN countryside the share of such housing reaches 80%.
The main reasons for the poverty of large families are the relatively low competitiveness of able-bodied members of such families in the labor market, partly due to employment in raising children, the low attractiveness for employers of hiring citizens with a high dependency burden and significant family responsibilities, as well as an inadequately low level of social assistance provided state and municipal authorities social protection.
At the same time, it is a mistake to consider large families as dependents of society and the state. Among the fathers large families the level of unemployment, alcoholism is lower (in families with 1 child, alcohol costs account for 2.1% of the budget, in families with 4 or more children - 0.6%), they are more inclined than the male population as a whole to increase their level of education, take mortgages are more law-abiding, they have stronger families.
Thus, state support for large families should be recognized as one of the main priority areas state family policy.
In conditions of depopulation, in order to achieve the level of simple reproduction of the population in 10 years, it is necessary to increase the proportion of families with five or more children to 10-15% in the overall family structure of Russian society.
In many constituent entities of the Russian Federation, special laws have been adopted aimed at social support for large families, raising their status in society and improving the position of children in them.
At the same time, at present, in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, there are a number of common problems in the field of legislative and practical provision of the rights and interests of members of large families:
absence in the majority of subjects of the Russian Federation of special legal documents defining the strategy and priorities regional policy in relation to large families;
shortcomings of the existing regulatory legal regulation at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (the absence in a number of constituent entities of regulatory legal acts that combine the grounds, conditions and procedure for providing social support to large families; current legal acts do not always adequately reflect the real needs of large families);
insufficient openness and transparency of the system of financing measures of state support for large families at the regional level;
lack of awareness of large families about existing measures state support;
shortcomings in the legal regulation and practical organization of identifying large families in need of support, resulting in incomplete coverage of large families in need of assistance.
Thus, in the Russian Federation as a whole, the effectiveness of social support for large families is insufficient.
Among the areas of state support for large families, the least developed and provided with adequate implementation measures is the information support of the state demographic policy in terms of promoting family values in the media.
Effective state support for families with many children makes it possible to increase not only the demographic potential, but also the economic potential of the Russian Federation. Providing support for large families in rural areas in the future is one of the conditions for solving problems of social economic development agricultural regions.
An important direction of the state demographic policy in the Russian Federation should be, along with the provision of material support, the provision of moral support to families with many children. Support for large families in difficult times life situation, requires the development and implementation of a set of measures to encourage conscious and responsible motherhood and fatherhood based on an individualized approach that takes into account all the factors of disadvantage for large families.
The implementation of this Program, in addition to achieving the main expected results, will produce a number of long-term positive effects on the socio-economic development of the country, the moral and psychological situation in society.
6. The purpose of the Program is to stimulate an increase in the number of large families and, as a result, an increase in the birth rate in the Russian Federation, to protect the rights and legitimate interests, to ensure a decent quality of life and to increase the social prestige of large families in Russia.
7. Tasks of the Program.
The purpose of the Program determines the following tasks:
providing conditions for improving the financial situation of large families, including a targeted increase in assistance to such families, taking into account the level of their income, reducing the poverty of large families;
improving the quality of life and health protection of large families;
increasing the competitiveness of able-bodied members of large families in the labor market;
providing employees with 3 or more children with favorable conditions for combining work with family responsibilities;
strengthening assistance to large families in raising children, increasing the availability of education for children from large families;
increasing the social attractiveness and prestige of a large family.
8. Main indicators of the Program.
The main indicators indicating the achievement of the goal and the fulfillment of the tasks of this Program by 2015:
increasing the share of large families in the total number of families with children from 6-7% to 12-15%;
reduction by 2010 to 25% of the share of large families with a monthly average per capita income below 1 subsistence minimum established in the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation; up to 10% by 2015, below half of the subsistence minimum - up to 5% by 2010, up to 1% by 2012.
increase in the proportion of people with higher education among members of large families to the average Russian value;
reduction of the unemployment rate among mothers of many children to the average Russian values, fathers of many children - up to 50% by 2010 of the average Russian level, up to 20% by 2015;
reducing the unemployment rate among a parent with many children raising children without a spouse is actively job seeker, up to 20% by 2010 of the average Russian level, up to 5% by 2015.
9. Socio-economic effect from the implementation of the Program.
The main result of the implementation of this Program will be a significant improvement in the demographic situation.
The growth in the share of large families will also lead to the following positive changes:
a decrease in the death rate as a result of a reduction in alcoholism and drug addiction;
reducing the number of divorces and abortions;
crime reduction;
decrease in unemployment;
growth in the number of mortgage loans issued and the growth of the construction industry.
An increase in the birth rate, as well as all of the above positive socio-economic consequences, will lead to an increase in GDP and tax revenues, which, as the experience of developed countries that pursue an active family policy, in the long term, will exceed the expenditures of the federal, regional and municipal budgets for the implementation of the Program.
10. Principles of state support for large families in the Russian Federation.
1. The principle of taking into account regional peculiarities in the development and implementation by the authorities state power subjects of the Russian Federation measures of social support.
2. The principle of priority of measures to create conditions for the self-sufficiency of a large family in the system of measures of their social support.
3. The principle of goal-setting in the implementation of state measures to support large families, in particular, to achieve by them the average statistical indicators for the Russian Federation of the level of access to education, medical services, other social rights guaranteed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws.
4. The principle of combining efforts and coordinating the actions of public authorities, local government, public associations in the implementation of social support measures for large families.
5. The principle of combining the declarative procedure for providing social support and the active work of social services to identify large families in need of social assistance, to determine their needs in order to effectively provide them with social assistance (support).
6. The principle of targeting measures of state support and social selectivity (the amount of state social assistance depends on the level of family income and the number of children in it).
11. Directions for the implementation of the Program.
The program is implemented in the following areas:
improving the system of accounting for large families and the legal regulation of their state support;
state assistance to large families in solving housing problems;
assistance in employment of members of large families, stimulation economic activity and self-employment of large families;
support for farming (peasant) and horticultural farms of large families;
increasing the availability of education for children from large families;
formation and strengthening in public consciousness moral, including family, values, ideas about the social attractiveness and prestige of large families;
improving the system of state benefits and compensations for large families;
ensuring the availability of medical care and drug provision;
promotion of normal nutrition for children from large families;
providing joint leisure and recreation for families with many children;
increasing the availability of services of cultural and sports institutions for large families;
creation of conditions of social comfort for large families;
increasing the mobility of large families;
attraction of civil society institutions to support large families;
moral encouragement of parents who responsibly and conscientiously raise (raised) children in large families.
12. Funding sources.
The implementation of this Program is ensured at the expense of the federal budget of the Russian Federation, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the budgets municipalities, state off-budget funds, other sources in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
13. Organizational and legal support for the implementation of the Program.
13.1. Legal support implementation of the Program.
The legal basis of this Program is the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, regulatory legal acts of local governments, generally recognized principles and norms international law, international treaties to which the Russian Federation is a party.
13.2. Program Implementers.
Program executors:
Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation, federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, Federal Service for Supervision of Health and Social Development, Federal Service for Labor and Employment, federal agency Health and Social Development;
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science, Federal Agency for Science and Innovation, Federal Agency for Education, Department of State Youth Policy, Education and Social Protection of Children of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation;
Ministry regional development Russian Federation, Federal Agency for Construction and Housing and Communal Services;
Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of the Russian Federation;
Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation;
Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation, Federal Service for Supervision of Compliance with Legislation in the Field of Mass Communications and Protection cultural heritage,
Federal Agency for Physical Culture and Sports;
other federal executive authorities, state off-budget funds, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as local governments, other interested persons exercising their powers in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
The Program implementation is coordinated by the Government of the Russian Federation.
Also involved in the implementation of this Program are scientific institutions and organizations, public associations, mass media, religious organizations traditional religions of Russia
14. Control over the execution of the Program.
Control over the implementation of the Program is carried out by the Government of the Russian Federation.
II. STATE SUPPORT MEASURES FOR LARGE FAMILIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.
1. Improving the system of accounting for large families and the legal regulation of their state support.
1.1. Establishment and provision of a federal standard for the minimum amount of social support for large families in need of social assistance and support.
1.2. Development and adoption in each subject of the Russian Federation of a regulatory legal act of the subject of the Russian Federation, uniting legal regulations, which determine the size, conditions and procedure for providing all forms of support for large families at the regional level.
1.3. Creation of a data bank on large families in each subject of the Russian Federation. Improving the procedure for registering large families.
1.4. Establishment of a single form for all subjects of the Russian Federation of a document confirming the status of a member of a large family.
1.5. Development unified methodology monitoring the quality of life of large families in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, taking into account regional characteristics, and the implementation of such monitoring.
2. State assistance to large families in solving housing problems and paying utility bills.
2.1. State assistance to large families in the acquisition, construction or social rental of housing.
2.1.1. The introduction of legal and financial mechanisms for the provision by banks of targeted loans or authorized organizations of targeted subsidies for the improvement of housing conditions for families at the birth of the fourth and each subsequent child, with a progressive scale of repayment of interest on bank loans or the amount of refundable amounts provided by the state, depending on the number of children under the age of 18 years.
2.1.2. Regulatory and legal consolidation of legal and financial mechanisms that provide, in the event of the birth of a fourth or subsequent child, families (young families - in the event of the birth of a third child) with a monthly average per capita income of less than 3 subsistence levels established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, in need of improved housing conditions, one-time repayment at the expense of the state of part of the debt on a mortgage loan or part of the debt under a contract for the sale of residential premises in installments. Compensation by the state of the interest rate on the main loan in the amount of half of the average mortgage rate for the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
2.1.3. Establishment for large families in need of improved housing conditions, the amount of the down payment on a mortgage loan or under a contract for the sale of residential premises in installments: for families with 3-4 children - 40%, for families with 5 or more children - 20% of the amount (percentage) of the down payment established for other categories of citizens.
2.1.4. The introduction of legal and financial mechanisms for providing families with 4 or more children with a monthly average per capita income of less than 3 subsistence levels established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, in need of improved housing conditions, within six months from the birth of the fourth and each subsequent child of residential premises (providing residential premises of a larger area) from the state and municipal housing funds under a social tenancy agreement, while retaining the right to receive a gratuitous subsidy or loan allocated from the state or municipal budget for the construction or purchase of housing.
2.2. Implementation of measures to stimulate individual housing construction families with many children with a monthly average per capita income of less than 4 living wages established in the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation.
2.2.1. Providing organized groups of developers - large families with land plots (at least 0.15 hectares in the suburbs; at least 0.50 hectares - in rural areas) in ownership for individual housing construction free of charge or at a preferential (through subventions) price (depending on the size average per capita income of the family, in accordance with the approved cost estimate in the bodies of social protection of the population).
2.2.2. Allocation from local budgets and budgets of subjects of the Russian Federation financial assistance for the organization of engineering arrangements (gas, water, electricity) of the plots being built up in accordance with clause 2.3.1.
2.2.3. Introduction of legal and financial mechanisms to compensate large families for part of the costs of acquiring or building housing, allocating building materials for individual housing construction (in rural areas) in the event of the birth (adoption) of a child. Compensation from 20% to 100% of the cost of building materials (depending on the average per capita income of the family in accordance with the approved cost estimate in the social protection authorities, within the limits established in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation) to large families when they carry out individual housing construction.
2.3. In agreement with the owners (tenants) of the residential premises, assistance in the repair of housing (at least once every 6 years) occupied by large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 2 living wages.
3. Assistance in employment of members of large families, stimulation of economic activity and self-employment of large families.
3.1. An increase in the duration of the time taken into account in the general and continuous work experience, as well as in the length of service in the specialty, for parental care of a child until reaching youngest child age 16 - for families with 3 or more children.
3.2. Creation of legal and financial conditions to encourage employers to provide employees with large families with working conditions conducive to a combination of their work duties and duties related to raising children, including the use of home work for women with three or more children.
3.2.1. Establishment of a preferential right to obtain a job by parents from large families in the event of employment in public sector institutions, in the state or municipal service, as well as in organizations where the state owns 50 percent or more (shares) of the authorized capital, in case of compliance qualified employee and professional requirements vacancies and successful completion of tests (competition) when applying for a job, all other things being equal.
3.2.2. Introduction to Article 41 Labor Code of the Russian Federation in the list of issues recommended for inclusion in collective agreements (agreements), provisions on the provision by the employer of specific measures of social support and on the provision special conditions labor for workers - parents with many children.
3.2.3. Legislative provision of 5 additional days to the annual paid leave for every third and every subsequent child to each of the parents with many children.
3.2.4. Legislative establishment of the pre-emptive right for parents with many children to determine the time and duration of their vacation when forming the vacation schedule in the organization, taking into account the possibilities and limitations of the labor (production) process.
3.2.5. Introduction of measures of tax incentives for employers to hire workers - parents with many children.
3.3. Organization at the expense of budgetary funds vocational training, retraining and advanced training of women with 3 or more children aged at least 3 years, and promoting their employment in part-time jobs, with the possibility of remote work and home work.
3.4. Development and implementation of special regional programs for vocational training, advanced training and retraining of unemployed parents with many children in specialties that meet the needs of economic development and social sphere subject of the Russian Federation.
3.5. Consideration in the development of regional employment programs of the need for employment of parents with many children and able-bodied children from large families, the possibility of their work on the terms of the use of flexible forms of labor (part-time work, part-time work week, work at home, temporary work, etc.).
3.6. The introduction of tax incentives for employers when they pay lump-sum benefits to employees (not part-time workers) at the birth of a child through a reduction in the taxable income tax base by 100 thousand rubles. - at the birth of the third and each subsequent child.
3.7. Legislative establishment for large families progressive system taxation, taking into account the general family income and the number of children in the family.
4. Support for farming (peasant) and gardening households of large families.
4.1. Assistance to parents with many children who want to create a farm (peasant) economy.
4.1.1. Provision of land plots for rent for 49 years at a reduced rental rate or sale at a reduced price in installments up to 25 years for farming (peasant) and horticultural farming.
4.1.2. Provision of benefits for land tax and rent in the form of full or partial exemption from tax for a certain period or reduction of tax rates.
4.1.3. Providing start-up gratuitous assistance (lifting) for large families who decide to engage in farming (peasant) farming.
4.1.4. Expansion of the availability of credit and leasing schemes for peasant (farm) households of large families.
4.1.5. Providing a one-time preferential loan or an interest-free loan in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation as a matter of priority for the purchase of machinery, equipment, motor vehicles and for other purposes related to the creation and development of peasant (farm) enterprises.
4.1.6. Free training of members of large families in the basics of farming and agricultural activities at special courses in institutions of secondary specialized and higher professional education.
4.2. Providing large families with garden, vegetable garden or summer cottage land plots as a matter of priority in the amount of at least 0.15 hectares per family.
5. Increasing the availability of education for children from large families.
5.1. Increasing accessibility preschool education for children from large families.
5.1.1. Establishment for large families with an average per capita income of less than 3 subsistence minimums for paying for the services of state and municipal preschool educational institutions - 25% of the amount of payment for services of preschool institutions established in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
5.1.2. Establishment of free services of state and municipal preschool educational institutions for families with 4 or more children with an average per capita income of less than 3 living wages.
5.1.3. Establishing the right to priority admission of children from large families to preschool educational institutions.
5.1.4. Establishing the right of children from large families to study in one educational institution preschool education.
5.2. Measures of social assistance to children from large families in obtaining general and additional education.
5.2.1. Provision of annual compensation to large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 3 living wages established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, for the purchase of a set of clothes for attending school classes at the rate of 2,500 rubles per 1 child annually for the entire period of education of children in general educational institutions at the expense of the founders of these institutions (at the rate of 4,000 rubles - for large families with one parent).
5.2.2. Provision of annual compensation to large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 3 subsistence levels established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, for the purchase of a set of sports uniforms, including sports shoes, for attending school classes physical culture at the rate of 2000 rubles per 1 child annually for the entire period of education of children in general educational institutions at the expense of the founders of these institutions (at the rate of 3000 rubles - for large families with one parent).
5.2.3. Provision of a one-time allowance to parents of large families upon admission to the 1st grade of a general education school of a child from a large family with a monthly average per capita income of less than 2 living wages established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, in the amount of 2 living wages of the child - for the third child, 3 living wages for the fourth and each subsequent child.
5.2.4. Establishing a preferential right for students from large families to visit after-school groups in general educational institutions.
5.2.5. Provision of an allowance in the amount of 1,000 rubles per year or a special voucher replacing it for the purchase of school supplies for students from large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 1 subsistence minimum established in the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation.
5.2.6. Establishing the right of children from large families to study in one general educational institution.
5.3. Increasing the accessibility of secondary and higher professional education.
5.3.1. Establishing benefits for children from families with three or more children when entering institutions of secondary vocational education, similar to those established for children with disabilities and orphans.
5.3.2. Establishment of a preferential procedure for admission to educational places financed from budgets on the basis of state and municipal institutions of higher professional education for children from families with 5 or more children with a monthly average per capita income of less than 2 living wages established in the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation.
5.3.3. Providing an opportunity for children from families with 5 or more children with a monthly average per capita income of less than 3 subsistence levels established in the relevant constituent entity of the Russian Federation to study at institutions of higher professional education that train students on a paid basis, at the expense of the budget of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation (providing " certificates for education"), upon admission to competitive basis in specialties determined in accordance with the needs of the economy and social sphere of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
6. Implementation of measures to form and strengthen moral values in society, including family values, ideas about the social attractiveness of a large family.
6.1. Development and implementation at the federal and regional levels of programs for the formation and strengthening of moral values in society, including family values, ideas about the social attractiveness and prestige of a large family.
6.2. Production and distribution in the media of information materials, including social advertising, television films, television and radio programs, as well as materials on the Internet information and telecommunication network that promote the attractiveness of a family lifestyle, families with 3 or more children.
6.3. Measures for the spiritual and moral education of minors, the formation of their moral, including family, values, attitudes towards the creation of a complete, legally married, family with two or more children, as a social norm, ideas about the social attractiveness of a large family. Introduction to the federal component state standard general education educational field"spiritual and moral education", involving the implementation of variable training courses chosen by students and their parents.
7. Improving the system of state family allowances and compensations for large families.
7.1. An increase in the size of the lump-sum allowance for the birth (adoption) of a child up to 25,000 rubles. - for the third and each subsequent child.
7.2. Establishment of the minimum monthly allowance for children in large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 2 living wages established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, in the amount of 3,000 rubles. for the third and each subsequent child.
7.3. Establishment of an annual presidential Christmas (for persons professing other religions - New Year's) allowance in the amount of 2 living wages for each large family with 4 or more children.
7.4. Compensation for families with many children with a monthly average per capita income of less than 2 living wages established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation for payment for housing, utilities and telephone services.
7.4.1. Reducing the maximum level of the share of payment for housing and utilities in the total family income to receive a housing subsidy to 10% for families with many children.
7.4.2. Compensation for families with 3 or more children in the amount of 50% of the telephone subscription fee and the electricity fee.
8. Ensuring the availability of medical care and drug provision.
8.1. Establishing the priority right to receive children from large families in health-improving and specialized children's institutions of medical and sanatorium type.
8.2. Free drug provision for children from large families until they reach the age of 7 years.
8.3. Benefits for certain types of medical care and drug provision for women who have given birth (adopted) and raised (raised) 5 or more children.
8.3.1. Free provision of medicines for outpatient treatment according to doctor's prescriptions public institutions healthcare.
8.3.2. Free production and repair of dentures (except for dentures made of precious metals And certain types cermets) in state and municipal health care institutions of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
9. Promoting the normal nutrition of children from large families.
9.1. Providing free hot meals in state and municipal educational institutions for students from large families.
9.2. Providing children from large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 2 living wages established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation with free dairy products until they reach the age of 7 years.
10. Implementation of measures to ensure joint leisure and recreation for families with many children.
10.1. Providing families with many children with a monthly average per capita income of less than 3 subsistence levels established in the relevant constituent entity of the Russian Federation, compensation for the costs of purchasing family vouchers once every 2 years for a joint holiday in sanatoriums and holiday homes on the territory of the Russian Federation in the amount of 50% for families with 3 -4 children, 75% for families with 5-6 children and 90% for families with 7 or more children from the total cost of vouchers and tickets for traveling to and from the holiday destination.
10.2. Conditioning family vacation for large families at their place of residence.
11. Measures to increase the availability of services of cultural and sports institutions for large families.
11.1. Establishment for large families of privileges for visiting (including days of free admission) theaters, museums, parks of culture and recreation, zoos, planetariums, exhibitions administered by the constituent entity of the Russian Federation and municipalities.
11.2. 50% discount for families with 3-4 children, 80% discount for families with 5 or more children for teaching children in art, music, sports and art schools run by the subject of the Russian Federation and municipalities.
11.3. Free provision of physical culture and sports services by state and municipal institutions of physical culture and sports to minor children from large families and their parents.
12. Creation of conditions of social comfort for large families.
12.1. Creation (modernization) in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities of a system of social institutions involved in working with large families on individual programs of social and psychological adaptation, including those providing childcare services (nurses, nannies) in large families.
12.2. Creation in the current system social services of family socio-psychological consultations for counseling and assistance to large families, including psychological support and counseling for fathers to enhance their educational role in relation to their children.
12.3. Creation of a system for informing families with many children about measures of state, municipal and public social support, including opportunities to improve housing conditions and financial situation; assigning duties to existing social assistance services to inform families with many children about their rights and existing social programs, as well as duties to assist in the preparation and collection required documents to receive social assistance.
12.4. Establishment of free provision of socio-psychological and socio-pedagogical services to large families with 4 or more children by state institutions of social services.
12.5. The right to free use by families with 3 or more children of the services of baths administered by a constituent entity of the Russian Federation and municipalities of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
13. Measures to increase the mobility of large families.
13.1. Extraordinary service at aviation, railway and bus (inter-district and intercity) ticket offices.
13.2. Monthly compensation for the cost of travel for students of general education schools from families with 4 or more children on intracity transport (except for taxis), on buses of suburban and intra-district lines to and from the place of study.
13.3. Providing families with 6 or more children once every 10 years at the expense of budgetary funds of a car (minibus).
13.4. Compensation of part of the costs of the down payment and subsidizing the interest rate on car loans for families with 4 or more children who purchase a car such as a minivan, pickup truck, minibus.
14. Involvement of civil society institutions to support large families.
14.1. State support for non-profit organizations engaged in activities aimed at social support and assistance to families with many children and protection of their rights.
14.2. Creation of the Public Council under the Government of the Russian Federation on the problems of large families with the inclusion of representatives of public associations of large families in its composition.
15. Measures of moral encouragement of parents who responsibly and conscientiously bring up (raised) children in large families.
15.1. Rewarding parents with 5 or more children with certificates of honor, signs, awards of state authorities of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
15.2. The introduction of a special state award(order and medal) to parents (adoptive parents, guardians and foster parents), having 5 or more children, who ensured the upbringing of worthy citizens of the Russian Federation and are a model of behavior.
15.3. Annual New Year's meetings of the President of the Russian Federation with large families with 7 or more children during the "Kremlin Christmas Tree".
15.4. Annual meeting on Children's Day of the President of the Russian Federation with representatives of all-Russian public associations of members of large families to discuss practical issues and support their initiatives. Annual similar meetings of representatives of the President of the Russian Federation in federal districts with representatives of large families, anticipating a meeting with the President of the Russian Federation.
III. PRELIMINARY CALCULATION OF THE COST OF REALIZATION
STATE SUPPORT PROGRAMS FOR LARGE FAMILIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR 2008-2015
The implementation of the Program requires financing in the amount necessary and sufficient for the effective construction of the state demographic and family policy and the real achievement of the stated goal - stimulating an increase in the number of large families and, as a result, an increase in the birth rate in the Russian Federation, protecting rights and legitimate interests, and ensuring a decent quality of life and increasing the social prestige of large families in Russia.
The estimated cost structure is shown in the table:
MEASURES Annual budget expenditures, million rubles
1. Improving the system of accounting for large families and the legal regulation of their state support. 10
2. State assistance to large families in solving housing problems. 10000
2.2. Implementation of measures to stimulate individual housing construction of large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 4 living wages established in the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation. 5000
2.3. In agreement with the owners (tenants) of the residential premises, assistance in the repair of housing (at least once every 6 years) occupied by large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 2 living wages. 5000
3.3. Organization at the expense of budget funds of vocational training, retraining and advanced training of women with 3 or more children, and promotion of their employment in part-time jobs, with the possibility of remote work and home work. 1500
3.4. Development and implementation of special regional programs for vocational training, advanced training and retraining of unemployed parents with many children in specialties that meet the needs of the economic development of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. 500
3.6. The introduction of tax incentives for employers when they pay lump-sum benefits to employees (not part-time workers) at the birth of a child through a reduction in the taxable income tax base by 100 thousand rubles. - at the birth of the third and each subsequent child. 3600
4. Support for farming (peasant) and gardening households of large families. 2000
5. Increasing the availability of education for children of large families. 10800
5.2.1. Provision of annual compensation to large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 3 living wages established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, for the purchase of a set of clothes for attending school classes at the rate of 2,500 rubles per 1 child annually for the entire period of education of children in general educational institutions at the expense of the founders of these institutions (at the rate of 4,000 rubles - for large families with one parent). 4000
5.2.2. Provision of annual compensation to large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 3 living wages established in the relevant constituent entity of the Russian Federation, for the purchase of a set of sports uniforms, including sports shoes, for attending school physical education classes at the rate of 2,000 rubles per 1 child annually for the entire period of children's education in general educational institutions at the expense of the founders of these institutions (at the rate of 3,000 rubles - for families with many children with one parent). 3200
5.2.3. Establishing the amount of a lump-sum allowance upon admission to the 1st grade of a general education school for a child from a large family with a monthly income of less than 2 living wages established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, for each family member, in the amount of 2 living wages of a child - for a third child, 3 living wages for fourth and every subsequent child. 5000
5.2.5. Provision of an allowance in the amount of 1,000 rubles per year or a special voucher replacing it for the purchase of school supplies for students from large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 1 subsistence minimum established in the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation. 1200
6. Implementation of measures to form and strengthen moral values in society, including family values, ideas about the social attractiveness of a large family. 1000
7.1. An increase in the size of the lump-sum allowance for the birth (adoption) of a child up to 25,000 rubles. - for the third and each subsequent child. 3500
7.2. Establishment of the minimum monthly allowance for children in large families with a monthly average per capita income of less than 2 living wages established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation, for each family member, in the amount of 3,000 rubles. for the third and each subsequent child. 46800
7.3. Establishment of an annual presidential Christmas (for persons professing other religions - New Year's) allowance in the amount of 2 living wages for each large family with 4 or more children. 3000
7.4. Compensation for families with many children with a monthly average per capita income of less than 2 living wages established in the relevant subject of the Russian Federation for payment for housing, utilities and telephone services. 9000
8. Ensuring the availability of medical care and drug provision. 5000
9. Promoting the normal nutrition of children from large families. 8000
12. Creation of conditions of social comfort for large families. 2000
1.3.1. Extraordinary service at aviation, railway and bus (inter-district and intercity) ticket offices and 13.2. Monthly compensation for the cost of travel for students of general education schools from families with 4 or more children on intracity transport (except for taxis), on buses of suburban and intra-district lines to and from the place of study. 1400
13.3. Providing families with 6 or more children once every 10 years at the expense of budgetary funds of a car (minibus). 2700
13.4. Compensation of part of the costs of the down payment and subsidizing the interest rate on car loans for families with 4 or more children who purchase a car such as a minivan, pickup truck, minibus. 2000
14.1. State support for non-profit organizations engaged in activities aimed at social support and assistance to families with many children and protection of their rights. 1000
14.2. Creation of the Public Council under the Government of the Russian Federation on the problems of large families with the inclusion of representatives of public associations of large families in its composition. one hundred
TOTAL 137310
In 2017, social support for large families became a priority for the Russian Government. Through a series of bills, additional measures targeted social assistance. They are designed to improve the standard of living of low-income families. In Russia, the status of large families is approved at the level of regional legislation. To confirm it, the family needs to obtain a certificate of the established form from the local social security service.
Guaranteed social privileges for parents with many children
According to statistics, in 2017 in Russia there are more than 1.2 million families raising from 3 to 10 children. Every year additional measures of social and financial assistance are introduced. Current federal program state support for large families in the Russian Federation involves a number of similar measures.
- Preferential calculation of insurance experience. In order to provide assistance to mothers of many children of pre-retirement age, the procedure for calculating and confirming the insurance period was changed. In accordance with paragraphs. "c" clause 2, part 1 of Decree of the Government of Russia No. 1015, when calculating the length of service, leave to care for a child up to 1.5 years old will be counted. A mother of three children can count on accounting for experience up to 4.5 years. If there are 5 or more children in care, then the maximum length of service is 6 years.
- Early retirement. A woman who has given birth to or taken care of 5 children and raised them up to at least 8 years of age has the right to receive pension payments ahead of schedule - upon reaching the age of 50. According to Art. 1 FZ 173, the insurance period for early retirement must be at least 15 years. Thus, in order to retire at the age of 50 in 2017, a woman must have at least 9 years of official work experience.
- Tax exemptions. Parents with many children are exempted from the obligation to pay taxes on income from state payments. Moms and dads whose children study on a paid basis, including at a university, on a full-time basis, pay a reduced personal income tax. If the family has up to 5 children, then the approved personal income tax base for 2017 is reduced by 1.4 thousand rubles, from 5 - by 3 thousand rubles. Benefits are cumulative depending on the number of children. For example, mothers and fathers raising 4 children can reduce their monthly tax by 884 rubles. Both parents can benefit. If the family is incomplete, then the amount is doubled. So, a single mother, in whose care 4 children, can save 1,768 rubles a month on the payment of personal income tax. Please note that the benefit is declarative in nature. In order to pay reduced personal income tax in 2017, it is necessary to notify the tax service at the end of 2017.
The Russian government leaves regional bodies self-government right to provide additional assistance. In 2017, regional authorities increased subsidies by an average of 30%. You can find out about the measures for social support of large families adopted in your subject at the multifunctional center.
Improvement of living conditions
According to Federal Law No. 138 dated 06/14/2011, families have the right to receive a plot of land free of charge for housing construction, summer cottages or maintenance. farming. Plot sizes are determined regional authorities and vary from 600 to 1.5 thousand square meters. m. To receive a free site, the family must meet the following criteria.
- There are at least 3 minor children in care.
- The marriage of mother and father with many children is registered.
- Parents and children have Russian citizenship.
- Official residence in the region for at least 5 years.
- There is no other area.
To get on the waiting list for free land plots, parents must contact the local social support service. Depending on local legislation, the list of requirements may be extended. Subject to availability land resources in the subjects of the country, the Government of Russia made changes to the Land Code. Now, if the region does not have free land, the authorities can offer alternative housing options, instead of free plots.
In 2017 Government program on measures for social support of large families provides for the possibility of providing subsidies and soft loans. Purpose: acquisition of finished housing or its construction on the territory of Russia. When distributing subsidies, young families receive the greatest privileges.
Parents or guardians who are not older than 35 years old have the opportunity to participate in the targeted federal subprogram "Providing housing for young families" (valid until 2020). An important requirement for all candidates is the availability of a steady income and the possibility of making a contribution for housing, which must exceed the amount of the state subsidy.
If it is not possible to pay part of the costs on their own, then parents can apply for social housing at no cost. It is issued based on the criterion of need and priority. Since 2017, when distributing such housing, parents with low level income, raising children with handicapped. In 2017, more than 100,000 families across Russia took part in the co-financing program. More than 80,000 more received free plots of land. Less than 30,000 families were provided with social housing.