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National Park "Vodlozersky" Team Eucalyptus MKOU Sortavalsky MR RK Secondary school No.

Vodlozersky National Park its Vodlozersky National Park is located on the territory of the Pudozh district of the Republic of Karelia and the Onega district of the Arkhangelsk region. total area Vodlozersky park is 468, 3 thousand hectares, including 130, 6 thousand - on the territory of the Republic of Karelia and 337, 6 thousand hectares in the Arkhangelsk region. The area of ​​untouched forests in the park exceeds the area of ​​all forests Western Europe taken together.

History of creation The national park was created by the decision of the government Russian Federation in April 1991 to preserve the unique natural complex in the basin of Lake Vodlozero and the Ileksa River. In 2001, by decision of UNESCO, the park was given the status biosphere reserve, the first in the system national parks Russia.

Forested area The largest in Europe massif of primary forests of the European taiga has been preserved on the territory of the Park. Dark coniferous spruce forests and light pine forests dominate here, there are giant Siberian larch. Average age stands of 200-240 years old, some specimens of pine and spruce reach 500 years of age.

Forest inhabited by numerous taiga inhabitants Brown bear, lynx, wolverine, marten, badger, otter, fox, elk and reindeer.

Diversity of fish - 22 species This diversity is a consequence of the weak impact of human activities on the nature of the park over the centuries.

large rare birds of prey The golden eagle osprey white-tailed eagle is of particular value

Barnacle goose nest on the territory of the Park Goose-goose cormorant Whooper swan Gray-crowned crane sandpiper capercaillie black grouse gull hazel grouse owl

Swamps occupy 40% of the Park's area. One of the Park's phenomena is its high degree of boggy. The predominance of swamps in a number of places in Vodlozero is a mystery, because the territory of the Park is located on a relatively high, 150-200 m above sea level, flat plateau. In the swamps of the park (40%) in large quantities cranberries and cloudberries grow, as well as medicinal plants.

Male Monastery - St. Ilyinskaya Vodlozerskaya Desert Ilyinsky Pogost is a real pearl of Vodlozero, both as an architectural monument of the 18th century, and as the center of the spiritual life of this secluded region, the date of construction of the temple is April 16, 1798, but the news about the churchyard dates back to the 17th century.

the village of Varishpelda For several years in a row, at the beginning of August, a festival has been held on Vodlozero bell ringing accompanied by the arrival of master bell ringers from all over Karelia and beyond. The Park has its own bell ringing school. As part of the festival, masters and their students give free concerts for residents and guests of Vodlozero.

village Varishpelda Chapel Tikhvin icon Mother of God The life of the village is supported by the family of the parish rector and some of the parishioners from the village of Kuganavolok. Varishpelda became an example of the revival of an abandoned Vodlozero village.

the village of Varishpelda The Varishpelda is the first place in the National Park where the cultural rural landscape has been restored and maintained precisely through the implementation of a traditional agricultural land use system.

Rest in Vodlozersky Children's expeditionary ecological camp "Calypso" is held annually in July on the territory of the National Park "Vodlozersky" in the Pudozh region. The camp is based on the island of Velikostrov, on Lake Vodlozero.

National Park "Vodlozersky"- is located on the territory of the Republic of Karelia and the Arkhangelsk region. The park covers an area of ​​about, 5 million hectares, and is a UNESCO biosphere reserve.

On the territory of the Park, the largest in Europe massif of indigenous forests of the European taiga has been preserved. It is dominated by dark coniferous spruce forests and light pine forests, there are giant Siberian larches growing on the western border of their range. The average age of the stands is 200–240 years, individual specimens of pine and spruce reach 500 years of age.

The forests are inhabited by numerous taiga inhabitants - there are brown bear, lynx, wolverine, marten, badger, otter, fox, elk and reindeer.

Whooper swan, bean goose, gray crane, eagle owl, large owls and other species nest on the territory of the Park. The number of wood grouse, hazel grouse, black grouse is high. Of particular value is a large nesting group of rare birds of prey: white-tailed eagle, osprey, golden eagle. Lake basin Vodlozero and r. Ileksa is a key ornithological territory of Russia.

Lake Vodlozero is considered the pearl of the region. home water artery territory - the Ileksa river (translated from Sami means "flowing from above, upper river"). The lakes and rivers of the Park are rich in fish: pike perch, bream, vendace, pike, burbot, perch, whitefish, ide, etc. are caught here.

One of the Park's phenomena is the high degree of its swampiness. The prevalence of swamps in a number of places in Vodlozero is a mystery, because the territory of the Park is located on a relatively high, 150-200 m above sea level, flat plateau. Bogs are diverse in type, structure, vegetation cover.

In winter, the Park is especially attractive! Houses are buried in white fluffy snow; snowy forests, lakes, bitter frost and northern lights - all this for you from November to April. Winter lasts six months here, but best time for travel February - March. The ski trails in the Park are attractive for both beginners and experienced hikers. Winter on Vodlozerie will delight you with sledding and ice skating, ice fishing and other entertainments.

The Vodlozero area is spread over an area of ​​almost half a million hectares (in the Arkhangelsk region and Karelia). This undisturbed taiga is not only the largest in Europe and one of the most significant forests in Eurasia, but also a real fairy forest, alluring, impassable, hiding many riches and secrets. The average age of local trees is about 250 years, there are also those who are over half a thousand.

Spruce forests prevail, which stand up as a green wall at the edge of the taiga. In the north, spruce trees can be seen on the rocks, but mostly they grow in flat and wetlands. Pine forests stretch along the banks of Vodlozero. Siberian larches, more characteristic of the Urals and Trans-Urals, are also common in the thickets - the western border of the range of many Siberian plants runs along Vodlozero. And birch and aspen, familiar to middle lane Russia, are bordered by swampy streams or form rugged thickets, which the locals call "korba". But sometimes they grow in small groups among pines and firs.

Forests, rivers, lakes and swamps are home to thousands of mammals and birds. In the forest you will find the classic animal kingdom: bears and foxes, wolves and lynxes, badgers and wolverines. Near them are many black grouse and their closest relatives, from bustards to quails. Winged predators also nest here, including very rare white-tailed eagles, osprey and golden eagles. The silence of the night is broken by the hooting of owls and large owls. Waterfowl live in swamps and lakes: loons, swans, sandpipers, geese and bean geese.

One of the most significant watersheds of our planet runs along the borders of Vodlozero - between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans. Main river Ileksa edge belongs to the Baltic basin and gives rise to the Neva lake-river system (Upper - Ileksa - Vodlozero - Vodla - Lake Onega - Svir - Ladoga Lake - Neva). So, if you wish, you can go down the water from here to St. Petersburg.

The Ileksa basin is decorated with several more or less large lakes: in the upper reaches - Kerazhozero, Kalgachinskoe, Ukhtozero; in the middle reaches - Tun, Nosovskoe, Monastyrskoe and Nelmozero. Ileksa flows into Vodlozero, which gave the name. There are 196 islands on Vodlozero (36 kilometers long, about 16 kilometers at its widest point), and many of them were inhabited in ancient times.

The shores of the lakes and rivers of Vodlozerie were inhabited almost immediately after the glacier moved away. Scientists attribute the oldest settlements to the XIII-IX centuries BC. NS. (Mesalithic and Neolithic sites). Almost two millennia later, the Slavs came to these lands, displacing the Sami and Finno-Ugric tribes further to the north-west. In the Middle Ages, Vodlozero belonged to Veliky Novgorod and, together with it, became part of Moscow Russia.

There is a legend that the lands of the famous Martha Posadnitsa were located along its banks. A century and a half after her, not far from Vodlozerie, in the Kozhozersky monastery, the famous Patriarch Nikon, the author of the church reform XVII century, which caused not only a split in the Church, but also confusion in the minds of the people. And the same Russian North, Ileksa, Onega, Pinega and Pechora became the main refuge of the Old Believers, who went further and further into the taiga, away from the capitals. For many centuries, a unique peasant culture with its own customs and habits, dialects and rich folklore has been developing in Vodlozero. And although the trials and changes of the twentieth century have largely destroyed the traditional way of life, the region itself has retained its image and character.

WHAT YOU NEED TO DO ON THE WATER LESSER:

• Take a walk through ecological trail along the Ileksa river, from the village of Varishpelda to the village of Luza (about 40 kilometers).
• Get off to Vodlozero on the boat "Saint Elijah", an exact copy of the 17th century longboat.
• Go for sport fishing, the benefit of the rivers and lakes of the national park are full of fish.
• Come to Vodlozero in March and pamper yourself with skiing, ice skating and ice fishing.

Passing through Vodlozersky national park the Windy Belt ridge was opened and applied for the first time to geographic Maps only in 1937 by the geographer M.N.

Karbasnikov. The upland stretches from east to west for more than 200 kilometers and in most places is the watershed of the White and Baltic Seas.

Its highest point is Olovgora (344 meters). The ridge has a steep northern and gentle southern slopes.

Vedlozerye is located between 62 and 64 degrees north latitude, and therefore winters here are long in the north. However, cyclones from the North Atlantic often bring thaws and snowstorms. It is coldest in January and February. Normal temperature in these months 10-12 degrees below zero. But sometimes it drops to -40.

Spring comes to the end of April. In the last weeks of the second spring month, rivers open up, and the lakes are freed from ice only in May. At this time, bears wake up, birds return, rapids seethe and flowers bloom. Summer, moderately warm and rainy, lasts until September.

From late May to August - white nights. The water in rivers and lakes warms up to 20 degrees. There are many mushrooms and berries in September. There are countless flocks of birds in the sky. Swans, ducks, cranes and geese fly south, and only black grouse and partridges remain for the winter. The first frosts occur in October.

In the XIV-XVII centuries Vodlozerie was part of the Obonezhsky row (since the 16th century - Obonezhskaya pyatina) of Veliky Novgorod. This administrative division was preserved long time and after the entry of Novgorod itself into the Moscow state. Obonezhsky row was the largest among the Novgorod administrative divisions.

It began in the south with the Derevyanitsky churchyard, two versts from Novgorod, and ended with the Spassky churchyard in the north, right next to Of the White Sea, 700 versts from the capital (the Novgorod Republic was then one of the major states Europe). In 1703, the Obonezhskaya pyatina entered the Ingermanland land, and in 1708 it was divided between the Ingermanland and Arkhangelsk provinces.

The temple of Elijah the Prophet at the Ilyinsky churchyard is the main shrine of the region. Restored at the beginning of the XXI century with funds from the National Park and the Karelian Center for Monument Protection.

The Peter and Paul Chapel was restored in 2004 in Kuganavoloka.

The Chapel of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross in Kanzanavolok was restored at the expense of Leonid Beluga. Icon painters Irina and Yuri Gretsky painted several icons for the chapel.

The estate of the Eliseev family with a pier, baths, a wooden staircase and a chopped well in Kanzanavolok (now a museum of boating) was restored at the expense of L. Beluga and transferred to the National Park.

The Transfiguration Chapel in the village of Golnitsa was restored at the initiative of a resident of the village of Kanzanavolok V.I. Danilina.

HOW TO GET TO VODLOZERSKY NATIONAL PARK

By road go through Vologda or Cherepovets to Vytegra, from Vytegra to Pudozh, from Pudozh to Medvezhyegorsk. At the 20th kilometer of the road - turn to Kuganavolok (63 kilometers of dirt road).

Visiting the territory of the Vodlozersky National Park is possible only with special permits issued by the park administration. For more information on permits and services provided by the park, you can find out in the administrative centers of the park and on the website in the TOURISM section.

Address: Petrozavodsk, st. Park, 44

Website: http://www.vodlozero.ru/ Email: [email protected] Phone: +7 (814-2) 76-43-79

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Presentation slides text content: National Park "Vodlozersky" was created on April 20, 1991 S is equal to 468.4 thousand hectares. Forest lands - 47% Water - 11.2% Swamps - 40.8% Agricultural lands - 1% Vegetation Main forest-forming species: Spruce (53.5%) Pine (44.1%) Larch Birch Aspen Spruce Pine Larch Birch Aspen Absolutely prevail indigenous spruce and pine forests... Vegetable and animal world has a typical taiga appearance. Large stations of the Red Data Book birds of prey have survived here - the white-tailed eagle, osprey, golden eagle, as well as many forest and marsh species of grass and moss cover. Forest reindeer are also encountered. Placement of white-tailed eagle NP Vodlozerekai Placement of osprey in NP Vodlozersky Dremlik marsh Animals 220 species of animals are registered (38 mammals, 177 species of birds, 5 amphibians and reptiles) Of which 43 are rare animals, 19 are included in the Red Book Wolverine Berkut Horch Reindeer Nightingale Vole Park territory - interesting place for studying wildlife... It hosts scientific expeditions, organizes the practice of students and schoolchildren. largest lake Zaonezhya - Vodlozero. Every year thousands of tourists come here to relax, fish, and admire the beauty of the region. There are 6 historical settlements and 23 architectural monuments in the park. Ilyinsky Pogost is the architectural dominant of Vodlozero. The Ilyinsky Pogost complex was built in 1798 on an island in the northern part of Lake Vodlozero. It includes the Church of Elijah the Prophet and the bell tower, surrounded by a massive chopped fence. Vodlozerie is the oldest cultural region of the Russian North, where a powerful layer of culture is concentrated, represented in the traditions of the indigenous population, toponymy and wonderful creations of wooden architecture.The park has a well-developed tourist infrastructure, there are guest houses, tourist centers, a tourist village, shelters, and places for setting up tents. Implemented different kinds nature tourism: ecological, water sports, fishing, scientific and educational, skiing and others. Especially popular are kayaking down the Ileksa with access to Vodlozero and further along the Vama River to the Vodla River - up to Pudozh or Lake Onega. Vodlozersky Park today is a venue for international, scientific expeditions, conferences, it is the organizer of various environmental camps and programs. Here are reborn ancient rites vodlozerov - holidays, songs, crafts, returns new life ancient temples. In the places of the abandoned villages, chapels and worship crosses are erected. Museums and exhibitions are organized here. Foresters and foresters of the Park take care of nature, arrange tourist routes and parking lots.

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