I will help you open a representative office of a transport company. Office and staff space. Deciding on the model and direction of activity
home Russia - big country in need of supplies large quantity
goods and services to its various points, separated by vast distances. Consequently, passenger and freight transportation services are in demand, which makes the transport business very profitable. The formation of the structure of this business began with the country's transition to a market economy. This area currently employs about 20% of Russia's working population.
The road network in the country is continuously growing, which contributes to the development of transport business. In addition, cargo transportation has now become safer than, say, in the 90s, which cannot but attract entrepreneurs. This makes cargo delivery easier and cheaper. This area of business is developing despite the unstable economy of the country, which is a positive factor for investment.
(load capacity up to 7 tons). If you want to open a large company to provide services to legal entities (shops, wholesale warehouses) in Russia or neighboring countries, you will need trucks with trailers, trucks, and refrigerators. To open a company providing services industrial enterprises
, dump trucks, tractors and long vehicles are used. There is also the option of an intermediary company that searches for orders. Such a company does not require its own transport.
The form of taxation for your company will depend on the types of services provided and the amount of transport available. If your company has up to 20 cars and provides services to individuals, then the optimal type of taxation will be UTII. For transport companies providing services to industrial enterprises, you should choose the 3NDFL tax regime. For limited liability companies, a general tax regime is chosen. Intermediary transport companies can apply either a general or simplified tax regime.
When starting a business such as a transport company from scratch, you should remember that it is mandatory to open a bank account, even if you plan to provide services to individuals. Legal entities work mainly on a cashless basis, so they will not enter into a contract with a company that does not have a bank account.
To others important point is the selection of personnel for your company. When opening a transport company from scratch, you will need to hire drivers, the number of which depends on the number of cars and work schedule.
With round-the-clock operation, one car will require up to 3 drivers. The number of dispatchers depends on the number of cars and type of services. For companies with more than 5 cars, a car mechanic will be required. It is advisable to hire an accountant in a company that has more than 10 cars under the general taxation regime.
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How to make your trucking business successful?
The success of your business directly depends on the number of clients, so finding them is one of the most important tasks businessman.
When starting a business from scratch, you should take care of good advertising for your company. They will help you to find clients quickly and efficiently the following types advertising: posting advertisements around the city, advertising your company on the Internet sites of your city and region, in newspapers and magazines, placing advertisements in furniture stores and household appliance stores. Dispatch companies can also help you find clients.
If your company works with legal entities, then you can send commercial offers your services with prices to a certain range of companies. Currently, large enterprises hold tenders, in which your company must offer optimal conditions to win. In addition, you should enter into contracts with large dispatch firms.
Opening transport company, it should be remembered that clients first of all pay attention to the quality of services, so starting such a business from scratch is quite difficult, regardless of whether it is urban, intercity or international cargo transportation. The profitability of your business depends on the literacy of your company's employees. The most simple option transport business is providing customers with vehicles for rent.
The quality of the purchased transport determines the future profit of your company. Best suited for this business trucks Mercedes, Peugeot, Ford, Hyundai. Such cars, although they are more expensive, last longer than inexpensive domestic cars. A couple of hackneyed “Gazelles” and “Bulls” are unlikely to bring you much income.
Own business: transport company
By purchasing trucks of the following brands: Mercedes, Peugeot, Ford, Hyundai, you can already be sure that you have established yourself as a representative of a small business involved in the cargo transportation industry. However, you can start working on both the Bychka and the Gazelle. Just keep in mind that after five years of operation, your new Gazelle will fall to pieces! But a foreign car is not.
But the main thing to remember in this matter is that any brand is required to:
load capacity 1.5 tons
and body volume - 12-14 cubic meters
According to conservative estimates, they generate net profit per month:
1) Gazelle - 10 thousand rubles,
2) “Bull” type machine - 20 thousand rubles,
3) five-ton truck - 25 thousand rubles,
4) truck - 100 thousand rubles.
These figures are so small because they were calculated on the basis that you are the owner and you hired the driver. At the same time, you still pay all taxes and keep an accountant on your salary. That is, these numbers are for a real transport company. If you are not one, but are your own accountant and director, then we overestimate the numbers.
What kind of car to buy depends on what kind of cargo you will transport. Therefore, first, probe the nearby market: what is carried most often? Then you will choose your own transport, because freight transport is far from universal, unfortunately.
As the players say, “the beast runs to the catcher.” That is, by identifying yourself as the owner of a heavy vehicle, you immediately attract the kind attention of those who need this transport. For your kind attention, these people will take a commission from you - from 10 to 20% of the order amount.
The main person who will deliver orders to you is an intermediary, called here a dispatcher. To communicate with a potential customer you must have the following:
a) the vehicle itself
b) driver license appropriate caliber
c) PTS
d) documents confirming that you are a legal entity
e) a certified copy of your passport
However, not everyone who makes money from transportation personal transport, “have a legal entity” and pay taxes. Many work as menial labor, earning about 60 thousand rubles per month from one Gazelle.
Transport company as a business: Pitfalls
Due to the outbreak of the crisis, the construction market, the main breadwinner of cargo transportation, has become. However, a year ago, seeing that construction was growing like a soap bubble, many private owners rushed to buy transport in order to make money on this demand. They created a lot of pressure and competition, and the crisis left them all without work. And besides this, the cargo fleet of construction and other construction workers was freed up. large companies, which also began to compete with private traders in the fight for clients.
Who wins in this situation? Only owners of specialized vehicles - such as concrete mixers or machines with manipulators. Although their market is an order of magnitude smaller than the market for ordinary KamAZs and Gazelles, there is no such competition there.
How to grow into a transport company
Here is some pretty clever arithmetic from market players.
According to some players, it is necessary to invest in the purchase of eight vehicles of different classes to transport different cargo. The monthly turnover of such a company is 500 thousand rubles.
When working on these eight machines, you must have another 500 thousand rubles reserved in your account in case of force majeure.
Only then does the company reach the break-even point. And then she can afford to have: a) an owner, b) a dispatcher and c) salaried drivers.
The next step is to purchase 16 cars. This is the so-called “second break-even point”, which allows you not only to gain profit, but also to develop without attracting third-party funds (loans).
However, in order to buy land for a car depot with a warehouse, maintain your own control room and take out a substantial loan from a bank to purchase this very land, you need to have at least 45 cars in the fleet.
Transport company as a business: If you want to hire a driver...
Not every person would risk trusting an expensive cargo to an unknown person who called himself a driver. If you are dealing with hired drivers, then be aware: both their passports and licenses are often fake. Market players advise concluding an agreement with collection agencies (these are those who professionally “knock out” debts), who often undertake such work as checking the past of a specialist without recommendations. The cost of the collector service is 30 thousand rubles monthly, subject to the conclusion of a long-term contract.
Own transport company: Conclusions
The transport company lives while construction is going on. Now may not be the right time to start from scratch, hoping to become fabulously rich in a year. But this situation also has advantages - you can purchase at dumping prices transport that is much cheaper and now idle, waiting for the crisis to end and construction to continue.
How to open a transport company – features of doing business + step-by-step process of project implementation + financial plan+ how to attract clients.
Capital investments: from 9,340,000 rubles
Payback period: 3 years
Nowadays, there is quite fierce competition in many areas, which forces many entrepreneurs to look for new areas for investing their own funds.
But it is important to find a stable and in-demand niche that will not let you down even in times of crisis.
AND bright that an example is own.
This area is relevant at any time, since many manufacturers and consumers need transportation and delivery of goods for various purposes.
It is best to start such a business if you have experience in a similar field, as well as if you have and are willing to invest large sums of money.
If you are interested in implementing such an idea, then let's find out.
Let's consider the main nuances of running such a business and calculate how much investment needs to be prepared.
Features of running a transport business
To organize a competitive and profitable business, you need to plunge into the idea headlong.
Here, as in any other area of entrepreneurship, it is important to have certain knowledge.
First of all, the activity is related to logistics, that is, with the construction of the optimal route for the movement of goods.
And for this it is necessary that these 6 indicators reunite:
- cargo;
- time;
- place;
- quantity;
- quality;
- minimum transportation costs.
For this reason, any transport company must have a forwarding department, whose specialists can build a route and then track it.
It is also worth highlighting key points related to how to open a transport company:
- First of all, it is worth saying that the chosen line of activity is not subject to licensing;
- among companies operating in this area, there is the smallest number of bankruptcies;
- when choosing a forwarding scheme, capital investments will be relatively small;
- business involves many risks and force majeure - weather, road accidents, possible vehicle breakdowns.
Types of transport companies
At the first stage of how to open a transport company, you need to decide on its type.
And only then, depending on the chosen format of activity, it is necessary and.
So, you can provide cargo transportation:
for individuals.
Most often they operate within one settlement and suburbs, and work with medium and small cargo;
for legal entities.
Such companies serve wholesale companies and deliver goods throughout the country and even neighboring countries;
for various manufacturers.
They work with the industrial sector, so they must have a specialized fleet of dump trucks and tractors;
specialized direction.
Some carriers may only transport food, water, construction materials or anything else;
groupage cargo.
This direction involves the joint dispatch of several cargoes, which should be received by different recipients.
As a rule, transportation is carried out over long distances and may extend beyond the country.
Choosing a work plan for a transport company
Regardless of what type of cargo transportation is chosen, transport companies can operate according to two schemes:
have your own vehicle fleet
You can organize work by purchasing a truck or leasing it for a long time.
To realize this idea, you need to have large sums of money.
offer forwarding services
The point of running such a business is to be an intermediary between the customer and transport drivers.
For the provision of dispatcher services, the company takes a percentage, from which the profit is generated.
This option can be implemented with minimal investment, because you don’t need to buy cars.
Which one should I choose?
The first option is suitable for those who do not want to depend on anyone: you have your own cars and hire drivers, thereby dictating the working conditions yourself.
It is advisable to implement the second option if there are connections with drivers who have personal vehicles.
But in this case, you will have to adapt both to customers and to the truck owners themselves.
Step-by-step process on how to open a transport company
Now you can move on to answering the question of how to open a transport company.
In this matter, it is necessary to follow a clear sequence of actions.
First of all, you need to take care to come up with a memorable name future company and properly register your business.
At this same stage, it is worth deciding on the work scheme, because both directions are fundamentally different from each other.
When deciding to have your own fleet of vehicles, you need to purchase freight transport and equip a garage.
For credibility, it is worth renting an office where you can receive clients who want to enter into long-term contracts.
Then you need to select personnel who will take orders and build traffic routes.
An important step is to find clients, because without them the business will simply fail. The larger the customer base, the higher the income. It will also allow it to expand over time.
Business registration and registration
The choice of the legal form in which to open a transport company is influenced by many factors:
- work format: an individual entrepreneur is suitable for creating a dispatch service - if you have your own fleet of vehicles;
- number of founders: Individual entrepreneur is for one person, and LLC is for several;
- provision of services for individuals or legal entities: in the first case, an individual entrepreneur is suitable, and in the second, an LLC, since organizations want to cooperate with VAT payers;
- desire to expand< : if it is not there, then it is enough to open an individual entrepreneur, and if there is, then only creation legal entity.
I would also like to focus your attention on creating a unique name.
It is important that it contains something that will indicate the transport company: “auto”, “express”, “trans” and the like.
To open a transport company as an individual entrepreneur, you will need to provide the following documents:
- statement;
- passport;
But you will have to tinker with the creation of a legal entity:
- statement;
- name confirmed by Rospatent;
- constituent documents;
- copies of founders’ documents;
- certificate of opening a bank account;
- a receipt indicating that the state fee has been paid.
To open a transport company engaged in international transportation, you must obtain a license.
If the traffic routes will be carried out within the country, then this is not necessary.
Otherwise you will need to provide:
- documents for vehicles that will travel abroad;
- driver documents - driving licenses and health records;
- document confirming business registration;
- contract concluded for vehicle maintenance;
- availability of own parking.
If you decide to open a transport company based on your own fleet, you will have to purchase several trucks.
Of course, many people start small, and at first you can provide services for individuals and have in your “arsenal” only a couple Vehicle.
But if you want to compete with such organizations, you will have to spend money.
To get started, you can purchase the following trucks:
| Vehicle name | Qty | Cost of one vehicle, rub. | Total cost, rub. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total: | 7 | RUB 8,280,000 | |
GAZelle with a carrying capacity of 3 tons  | 2 | 740 000 | 1 480 000 |
GAZelle with a carrying capacity of 8 tons  | 2 | 1 400 000 | 2 800 000 |
Lawn  | 1 | 1 600 000 | 1 600 000 |
Refrigerator  | 2 | 1 200 000 | 2 400 000 |
To maintain a car depot you also need special equipment:
Office space and car park
Recruitment for opening a transport company
The cargo transportation service is provided not only by a fleet of vehicles, but also by numerous personnel.
Conventionally, it can be divided into three categories:
- drivers;
- office workers;
- servicing transport.
Moreover, they all must interact with each other, because the success of the business will depend on how they work together.
- dispatcher - takes orders and sends drivers on the road;
- logistician (forwarders) - develops the optimal route and calculates its cost;
- marketer - engages in attracting clients;
- accountant - keeps records and prepares reports;
- administrator - he is entrusted with management and control functions (at first, the owner of the transport company himself can do this).
Drivers
To ensure smooth operation of a transport company, it is necessary to have 2-3 drivers per vehicle.
Two people can travel long distances in one vehicle, replacing each other.
If transportation will be carried out locally, then there is no need to have too many drivers.
Sales department
The following specialists should work here, each of whom should perform their functions:
You should not save on personnel in this category, because if one specialist combines several duties, this will lead, at best, to a decrease in efficiency, at worst, to incorrect performance of the work.
As a rule, the office work schedule is 6 days, with a day off on Sunday.
Transport service
For a garage, two auto mechanics are enough to carry out diagnostics and repair work.
It would also be a good idea to hire two security guards who will look after the fleet.
Thus, personnel costs are a significant expense item when opening a full-cycle transport company.
Labor costs will look like this:
| Job title | Qty | Salary, rub. | Payroll, rub. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total: | 17 | - | RUB 254,000 |
| Drivers | 9 | 15 000 | 135 000 |
| Dispatcher | 1 | 15 000 | 15 000 |
| Logistician | 1 | 20 000 | 20 000 |
| Marketer | 1 | 18 000 | 18 000 |
| Accountant | 1 | 18 000 | 18 000 |
| Auto Mechanic | 2 | 15 000 | 30 000 |
| Security guard | 2 | 9 000 | 18 000 |
How to look for clients for a transport company?
Advertising is a mandatory expense item when deciding to open a transport company.
For any chosen format of work, you need to use the following advertising tools:
- creation of a website and pages on social networks;
- outdoor advertising;
- Internet advertising;
- placing information on your own cars;
- mailing to construction, industrial, food companies;
- offer of cooperation to online stores.
If you decide to open a transport company that will be for individuals, you can also do the following work:
- post advertisements around the city;
- distribute flyers;
- place advertisements on social networks in your city;
- order advertising on local radio.
If a transport company is focused on working with legal entities, in addition to the above, it is necessary:
- engage in direct mailing with offers of cooperation to manufacturers and wholesale buyers;
- participate in tenders.
Note: do not enter into oral agreements with customers, they have no legal force. The contract specifies all the conditions of transportation, as well as actions in the event of force majeure.
How much does it cost to open a transport company?
“As a rule, sustainable success is achieved not through a desperate (“hang yourself by your shoelaces”) one-time (“now or never!”) leap or feat, but as a result of everyday decision-making and their implementation.”
Stephen Covey
After a detailed study of how to open a transport company, you can move on to calculating capital investments.
So, the starting investments in order to work according to the first scheme will be presented in the form:
For a cargo transportation company to operate under the second scheme, the costs will be limited to registration, advertising and office equipment, and will amount to approximately 240-260,000 rubles.
Monthly expenses will consist of:
Payment for services can be hourly or per kilometer.
On average, when transporting cargo weighing 3 tons, the cost of one hour is 600-700 rubles, 8 tons - 800-900 rubles, 10 tons - 900-1000 rubles.
Thus, if you decide to open a transport company, you can receive revenue in the amount of 700 -800,000 rubles.
To do this, you need to organize work when cars will make at least 20 trips per month lasting 7-8 hours.
We subtract expenses and get a profit before tax of 240,000 rubles.
With such indicators, the business will pay for itself in 3 years.
This period can be reduced to two years if the cars are always on the road, and for this you need to actively engage with the customer base.
Several tips for the successful operation of a transport company are voiced in the video:
Possible problems when opening a transport company
There is no business that is not exposed to risks. And transport companies are no exception.
Therefore, finally, I would like to talk about possible problems, for which you need to be prepared:
The occurrence of theft.
The human factor plays a role in such a business. important role, so you always need to control the entire process: installation of CCTV cameras and alarms, drawing up and submitting reports at the beginning and end of the journey.
Bad service.
Again, the main emphasis is on human factor, as well as the occurrence of unforeseen situations.
Poor quality cargo transportation.
During the delivery process, the cargo may be damaged or show signs of impact.
To prevent this from happening, it must be packed in accordance with all the rules, and the vehicles must not be overloaded.
It is also possible to set a limit on the “fight”, and if it is exceeded, drivers must pay a fine.
Inability to resolve conflicts and compensate for damage.
As mentioned above, you need to conclude contracts only on paper, where all the terms of cooperation should be spelled out.
The last point regarding how to open a transport company, this is the time it starts working.
Thus, we can say that the transportation business is a fairly popular and profitable business that requires huge investments throughout its entire activity.
If successful, you can open new points and expand, going regional and even state level, which also requires additional costs in the form of purchasing new vehicles and equipping the fleet.
And if you succeed, then you can claim to be a leader in this industry.
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- Expansion of activities. LLC registration is a solution for the future. If you plan to expand to other regions, it is advisable to become a legal entity.
How to open an individual entrepreneur for cargo transportation? Before opening an individual entrepreneur for cargo transportation, you must provide the following documents to the registration authority:
- statement;
- passport and TIN with photocopies;
- receipt for payment of state duty.
How to open an LLC? To open an LLC, submit to the tax authority:
- statement;
- company name certified by Rospatent;
- constituent documents;
- certificate of opening a current account;
- receipt of payment of state duty.
Choosing a taxation system and opening an account The optimal form of taxation for a transport company is UTII. At the same time, you can work on 20 cars simultaneously.
How to open a freight transport company
Attention
The company rents boxing and parking with total area 500 sq. meters in an industrial area. One-time costs:
- purchase of transport - 19 million rubles;
- purchase of equipment - 550 thousand.
R.;
Info
The total amount of one-time costs that are required to open a logistics company for cargo transportation is 20 million rubles. If you buy used cars, costs will be reduced to 11 million rubles.
Fixed expenses:
- rent - 600 thousand rubles;
- utility bills - 50 thousand rubles;
- wage- 12 million rubles;
- overhead costs - 2 million rubles;
- tax contributions - 2 million rubles.
Total expenses per year will be 17 million rubles. With an annual income of 20 million rubles, the net profit will be 5.5 million rubles.
Business idea No. 75: how to open a logistics company for the transportation of goods?
Net income will be 5,220,000 – 3,060,000 = 2,160,000 rubles. The return on the initial investment in a transport company and achieving a stable monthly profit is 1-2 years.
Advantages and features of the transport business When planning to develop a business in the field of cargo transportation, each entity entrepreneurial activity should learn about its advantages and pitfalls:
- no need to obtain licenses;
- stiff competition in this business sector;
- problems with personnel (it is difficult to find conscientious and “clean” employees);
- the need for large start-up capital;
- frequent breakdowns of motor vehicles (increasing costs for repairs and purchase of spare parts);
- constant advertising of transport services;
- the opportunity to reduce the amount of start-up investments by attracting rented cars to cooperation, etc.
Business ideas from scratch
Your actions:
- Draw up the decision and agreement of the founders on the creation of an LLC.
- Form an authorized capital (minimum 10 thousand rubles or property equivalent to this amount).
- Develop the LLC Charter.
- Fill out the application state registration your company (form No. 11001).
- Pay the state fee (4000 rubles).
- Attach to the application a receipt for payment of the state fee and copies of the constituent documents.
- If among the founders there are Foreign citizens, an extract from the register of foreign legal entities of the Russian Federation will be required.
- Submit the package of documents to the state registration authorities.
Financial costs To engage in expeditionary services, you will need quite an impressive start-up capital. Minimum 250 thousand rubles. you must have.
How to open a transport company: organizing a logistics business
If there is no client base, and at first you will be engaged in dispatch services, 1 dispatcher and you performing all other functions (director, accountant, manager) will be enough. Be sure to equip your office with:
- a desktop with a computer with Internet access;
- telephone with multi-channel communication;
- office equipment: MFP, fax.
Buy quality software allowing:
- register contracts;
- take into account applications;
- calculate the cost of services, cost and profitability of services for each client;
- automate supply chain management;
- quickly and accurately write out primary documentation;
- generate reports;
- generate an extract at the request of the customer.
Personnel Look for workers with experience.
How to open a transport company: business features, costs and profits
The undoubted advantages in the transport business are:
- no need to obtain a license;
- “start” and the initial stages of business development will not require too large financial investments;
- “buoyancy” and “strength”;
- According to statistics, among transport companies the bankruptcy rate is one of the lowest, since after the first and second waves of the crisis, representatives of this market segment recovered very quickly.
Opening a transport company from scratch - what do the owners of such a business say? The video below provides the answer. Registration of a company Most transport companies are registered as CJSC (closed joint-stock companies), LLC, OJSC, as well as PBOYUL (entrepreneur without the formation of a legal entity).
Each of these organizational and legal forms has its own disadvantages and advantages.
Logistics as a business
Important
The cost of the “truck” is several million rubles, it is profitable to use it for long-distance flights, and they initial stage will be too much of a risk for you. 2 Start starting business relationship with “dispatchers” - forwarding companies that select private carriers to fulfill orders they accept. The cost of cargo delivery offered by the customer company and the profit you will receive from intermediary forwarders are very different, but large customers do not work directly with private owners.
Therefore, if you want to receive profitable orders for yourself, work with as many big amount“dispatchers”, get into their databases as a conscientious and responsible performer. 3 Invest all the money you can into expanding the “park” of your cars - this means that having saved up money for a second car, you need to try to save it up for a third.
How to open a transport company
Only having eight trucks at your disposal can you consider yourself a serious company. The services of transport companies offer a much wider range of opportunities than assistance when moving to a new office or country house.
You need to strive, of course, to receive tenders for freight forwarding to other regions of the country. 4 Develop for yourself a system that is as reliable as possible for selecting drivers who can be trusted with equipment and expensive cargo. Finding a good driver for a truck is not always an easy task, especially when you consider that the cost of delivering cargo sometimes amounts to hundreds of thousands of rubles.
You can check the “past” of candidates with the help of collection firms or individuals providing similar services. It is possible that driver personnel in the transport business do not decide absolutely everything, but without trusted drivers you definitely won’t get far.
Open a logistics company from scratch. transport logistics + video
This way you will avoid unwanted mistakes, fuss, conflict situations, queuing. Before choosing such an assistant company, make sure of its integrity, experience and competence.
Among other things, you will be required to deposit start-up capital and open a business bank account. Selection of premises The office space will not only be the legal address of the enterprise (in connection with which a lease agreement will be required between the owner of the area and the newly formed company), but will also be the “face” of your company, which should not be forgotten.
It is not necessary, or even desirable, for the office to be “immersed in luxury”, but it should look decent: a simple European-quality renovation and new office equipment, as well as an impressive plasma or projector in the presentation room - this is the necessary minimum.
When studying business areas in which today you can actively develop, aspiring entrepreneurs should pay attention to the field of cargo transportation. This industry directly depends on the growth of the industrial sector, as well as on the general economic situation in the state.
When planning to open a transport company, a novice businessman must first of all monitor the local market, realistically assess his ability to compete, and also draw up a competent financial plan. Registration After making the final decision regarding the opening of a transport company, the businessman must go through the state registration procedure.
By the way, starting an organization can do without a forklift at all, especially if there are no enterprises with large-sized cargo among potential clients. But you can’t do without small equipment at all. In the transportation of goods, reliability is important, therefore the stocks of stretch tape and working tape should not run out even during the day of the enterprise’s operation.
Personnel At the very beginning, the owner will try to get by with a minimum number of employees, paying them a little more, but also loading them with more responsibilities. The owner himself will probably do the work of an accountant and responsible for client relations.
Remember that the cargo transportation project is quite exhausting, and therefore for a long time It is not worth keeping the same employees in several positions, this will reduce their productivity.
How to open a logistics company from scratch without transport
Refrigerated trucks are needed to transport food (including perishables). The costs look like this:
- refrigerated vehicle (2 units) - 10 million rubles;
- cargo GAZ 3307 (5 units) - 5.8 million rubles;
- “Gazelle” GAZ 3302 (5 units) - 3.3 million rubles.
To reduce costs, buy used cars.
Or start with part of the fleet, leasing or renting the rest of the equipment. Note! It is much cheaper to start a car-free transport company from scratch.
Equipment will only be needed for the control room. There is no need to purchase a vehicle and equip repair boxes. Personnel for a freight transportation company Before you open a freight transportation company, you need to recruit drivers, commercial department specialists, and auto mechanics to your staff. Drivers Each car must have 2–3 drivers assigned to it.
One of the most successful areas is logistics. Where to start a logistics business? How to open your own company from scratch? We will consider these and many other questions in this article.
What is logistics?
This is the transportation of various goods across the territory of one country or even between countries.
The route has a wide potential clientele due to the opinions of many wholesalers about the reliability and comfort of freight transportation. Many customers feel the speed of delivery of their goods, and it is possible to send both large-sized shipments and even small shipments using the transport service.
Of course, sometimes service representatives encounter problems in the form of insolvent clients demanding incorrect conditions provision of services, but often clients trust companies, so the work turns out pleasant and successful.
Competition
Business has a fairly high level of competition - about 80 thousand companies are registered in Russia.
What helps reduce competition is that organizations often specialize in something specific: small cargo, deliveries across the CIS, or the possibility of import and export, and so on. In addition, there are so many companies that need logistics services that there is enough demand even for beginners.
Download the ready-made one for free to use as a sample for your own.
Paperwork
Typically, such organizations are registered as CJSC, LLC or OJSC, less often as an entrepreneur without a legal entity. Any of the listed legal forms is worthy of existence, but is not without certain features. It's worth understanding:
- PBOYUL is distinguished by the presence of a value added tax.
- OJSC and CJSC are perfect if your plan was to organize a quick and significant expansion of your business. These are both legal forms They are quite labor-intensive and take a long time to complete, accompanied by tons of official paperwork, hours of waiting in line and lost nerves.
- An LLC is best suited specifically for a new entrepreneur. Of course, registration also takes a significant amount of time, but there are enough opportunities to create your own company from scratch.
In order not to waste your own precious time on paperwork, you should contact a company specializing in these issues. Before you start working with her, be sure to check reviews of her services and her reputation for reliability and speed.
Selection of premises
Money must go into organizing reliable services, and not into the luxury of an office, so it will be enough to find a small room somewhere closer to the outskirts of the city, perhaps with some cosmetic repairs.
In this place you or official representative You will begin to organize transport processes, so a large plasma, a wide table and comfortable chairs may come in handy.
Remember, warehouse office premises must meet the requirements of the fire service and SES:
- presence of fire alarm;
- presence of a ventilation system;
- well-established water supply and heating;
- finishing the floor with non-slip material without any irregularities or holes;
- organization of ramps for cars (preferably electric) that comply with the standards.
It is also important for such enterprises to organize comfortable conditions for workers: a dining room-kitchen with a minimum set of equipment such as an electric kettle and an electric stove, a bathroom with a shower and its own utility room.
Equipment purchase
As in any business, the business processes of your personal logistics company will require the presence of specific equipment at the enterprise. Undoubtedly, it is better to buy new if possible in order to protect yourself and your business from future problems. In addition, new equipment always comes with a warranty, allowing you to call a free technician to repair problems.
The first thing the transport and logistics business needs is the purchase of rocks. As a standard, an enterprise must have one rocla per employee. In addition, warehouses will need a forklift to handle pallets on which cargo will be delivered.
It is quite expensive, so novice business owners often buy this device used. This can be done, but only with a preliminary check by the technician of the operability of the device and the presence of internal breakdowns.
By the way, starting an organization can do without a forklift at all, especially if there are no enterprises with large-sized cargo among potential clients. But you can’t do without small equipment at all. In the transportation of goods, reliability is important, therefore the stocks of stretch tape and working tape should not run out even during the day of the enterprise’s operation.
Staff
At the very beginning, the owner will try to get by with a minimum number of employees, paying them a little more, but also loading them with more responsibilities.
The owner himself will probably do the work of an accountant and responsible for client relations. Remember that the cargo transportation project is quite exhausting, and therefore it is not worth keeping the same workers in several positions for a long time, this will reduce their productivity.
Actually, who exactly is needed to quickly and efficiently transport the customer’s goods? The list of required vacancies includes:
- Accountant responsible for cash discipline and documentation work.
- Customer service manager, also responsible for cargo transportation.
- Truck driver. It’s worth taking two, and in the future three, people for each car for safe round-the-clock travel around the country. Moreover, than more people, the faster loading and unloading of cargo will be carried out.
- A mechanic who supervises all devices and technical means at the enterprise. Before purchasing 6-7 cars for the fleet this person can be hired from other organizations.
Cooperation with drivers
Drivers are the main working units, like pharmacists in the pharmaceutical industry or maids in the hotel business. That is why it is extremely important to enter into contracts with them only if you have the necessary documentation package for official work.
This is necessary so that responsibility for cargo damaged on the road lies not with the organization, but with the driver himself. The creation of such contracts must include information about the weight of the cargo, its type, official name, places of loading and unloading of the goods along the route, the number of the transport on which the goods were transported and signatures from both parties to the contract. Don't forget to stamp it.
The company has the opportunity to pay drivers both in cash and by non-cash method.
Spending plan
We will create a cost table using the example of a small logistics company in a large regional city in Russia.
Let's pretend that this organization deals with the delivery of goods exclusively within the country. To be able to purchase everything necessary, the owner decided to take out a loan, so the company will also have to pay the loan amount monthly. The table of expenses for the first time in this case looks like this:
| Expense line | Amount of costs, thousand rubles. | |
| 1 | Initial rent for two months | 60 |
| 2 | Redecorating | 20 |
| 3 | Office furniture | 100 |
| 4 | Utilities and communications | 30 |
| 5 | Paperwork | 25 |
| 6 | Salaries of all employees | 250 |
| 7 | Purchase of equipment | 700 |
| 8 | Marketing campaign | 30 |
| 9 | Car purchase | 5 000 |
| 10 | Loan repayment | 50 |
| 11 | Unexpected expenses | 50 |
| Total: | 6 315 | |
When organizing your own enterprise, assume that you will have about six and a half million money for start-up purchases. Decide for yourself whether the game is worth the candle, because there is a risk of not going beyond the competition.
According to the plan, some of the above expense lines are monthly, namely rent payments, utility bills, employee salaries, loan payments and advertising support.
Video: 5 steps to achieve success in transport logistics.
Organizational profit
If we follow a fairly optimistic scenario, in which, after its opening, the company was practically never left without clients, sometimes accepting orders from several enterprises at once, at first the business income would be approximately two million rubles per month. Considering monthly expenses, net profit will be about 1,200 thousand rubles.
Then the business can only expand, replenishing the vehicle fleet and staff, renting sites for other centers and increasing the customer base with possible access to import or export to other countries. After solving the credit processes, profits will increase even more. Full profitability of the project will occur in approximately 8-12 months.
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