Words borrowed from foreign languages, examples, presentation. Presentation on the topic: Foreign words in Russian speech. Did you wear a cloche hat?

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The presentation on the topic “Borrowed words” can be downloaded absolutely free on our website. Subject of the project: Russian language. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you engage your classmates or audience. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the corresponding text under the player. The presentation contains 16 slide(s).

Presentation slides

in the works of W. Shakespeare. There are 61 Shakespearean expressions in the tragedy “Hamlet”. Play with words in the works of W. Shakespeare.

Russian language lesson Topic: “Borrowed words.”

Prepare for the lesson: Textbooks Notebooks and pens Dictionaries

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The purpose of the lesson:

Continue studying the topic: “Vocabulary.” Get acquainted with borrowed words in Russian. Repeat the placement of punctuation marks in sentences with direct speech, when addressing, in dialogue.

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Task No. 1: copy the text by inserting the missing letters and adding the missing punctuation marks.

The trainer asked the sixth graders What kind of guys are they? sport games do you like.?.xia Football! Basketball! They started vying with each other to answer. The coach asked the sixth graders, “Guys, what sports games do you like?” "Football! Basketball!" - they began to answer vyingly.

Are the underlined words Russian? They came from English

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Words that came into the Russian language from other languages ​​are called borrowed.

All nations exchange words and borrow them from each other. V.G. Belinsky How does this happen? we learn from the textbook paragraph. Page 40 – read.

Oral work with exercise No. 90..

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Shark Dumpling Whip

from Scandinavian

Front staff officer from German

shipyard harbor pilot

from Dutch solo soprano duet from Italian

suit flowerpot overcoat

from French

conveyor tram champion finish

From English

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How can one determine which language a word is from? You need to consult the dictionaries: foreign words, etymological, school explanatory dictionary. Open the dictionary at the end of the textbook and look for borrowed words. (p. 227) Write down one borrowed word and its lexical meaning. Compose and write down a sentence with this word so that it contains an appeal.

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The life of borrowed words in the Russian language.

Changes occur with borrowed words: phonetic, grammatical, lexical, graphic, etc. Football (8 letters) – football (6) Volleyball (10) – volleyball (9) Basketball (10) – basketball (9

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What is characteristic of borrowed words, but not native Russian ones?

The proximity of two or more vowels in the roots: poet, duel, diet; The following combinations are typical: pu, bu, vu, cu, etc.: puree, bill, bureaucrat, ditch, budget; Presence in the word f: cafe, graphics, shape, kefir, rhyme;

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What do you know about words in – tion?

Polish: inertia

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Self-dictation.

Akats...I'm Dikts...I'm Editorial...I'm Ts...rkovaya Ts...ferblat Sinits...Milits...I'm Ts...ganskiy Ts...novka

Acacia Diction Editorial Circus Dial Tits Police Gypsy Mat

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Speaking Russian means we speak a foreign language. Do you believe it?

At breakfast: tea (Chinese), coffee (French), cupcake (English), cocoa (American), marmalade (Portuguese), sandwich (German) Assignment. Compose and record the dialogue “At Breakfast” using these words and native Russian words: thank you, please.

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“The desire to replete speech with foreign words unnecessarily, without sufficient reason, is disgusting common sense and sound taste." V.G. Belinsky

“Whatever the word, your own or someone else’s, as long as it expresses the thought contained in it, if someone else’s expresses it better than your own, give someone else’s, and take yours to the storage room of old rubbish.” V.G. Belinsky

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Compare the two essays.

Summer at the camp. In the summer I vacationed at the Yunost camp. What I remember most is the specially equipped room in which music recordings are played and listened to. Rich people came to visit us, financially helping in holding any events, especially musical evenings. The host of the program was a funny guy. We came to musical evenings in shapeless clothes, blue or black work trousers, and scarves with inscriptions. I also remember how one day our squad broke off relations with the counselor as a sign of protest against his action and did not go to the canteen. And on that day they gave pureed peas, a thick nutritious drink made from fermented cow's milk, fermented with special fungi, and jam from mashed berries with grains. The next day, the counselor realized his mistake and retreated in the face of difficulties. Peace in the detachment was restored.

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Summer at the camp. In the summer I vacationed at the Yunost camp. Most of all I remember the disco and its host, disc jockey Lesha, a cheerful and charming little guy. Sponsors came to visit us. They helped organize musical evenings. We came to musical evenings in jeans, hoodies and bandanas. I also remember how one day our detachment declared a boycott to the counselor and did not go to the canteen. And that day they gave us pea puree, kefir and confiture. The next day, the counselor realized his mistake and peace was restored in the detachment.

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Summer at the camp. In the summer I vacationed at the Yunost camp. Most of all I remember the disco and its host, disc jockey Lesha, a cheerful and charming guy. Sponsors came to visit us. They helped organize musical evenings. We came to musical evenings in jeans, hoodies and bandanas. I also remember how one day our detachment declared a boycott to the counselor and did not go to the canteen. And that day they gave us pea puree, kefir and confiture. The next day, the counselor realized his mistake and peace was restored in the detachment.

educational and research work Loan words in modern Russian

Chuvilin V. (6B),

2016

Object of study : borrowed words

Subject of study:

ways and reasons

borrowing words.

Subject area :

Russian language.

Research objectives:

• find out the ways and reasons for borrowing words from other languages;

• study the meaning of borrowed words for the modern Russian language

Research objectives:

• study theoretical material on this topic;
• Based on the literature studied, draw conclusions:

What words are called borrowed words?

How do borrowed words affect Russian speech?

• demonstrate examples of justified and unjustified use of borrowed words;
• find examples of the use of loanwords in various fields human activity;
• create a dictionary of borrowed words;
• develop interest in learning and preserving the Russian language.

Hypothesis

Borrowed words enrich the Russian language without harming its originality.

Expected results

• improving skills and abilities to work with additional literature, encyclopedias and dictionaries;
• creating user experience educational resources Internet;
• use of justified borrowed words.

Ways of borrowing words:

oral and written.

Borrowing

Direct

Mediocre

kimono, sushi, judo

painter, fair, lilac

Acquitted

diamond, chocolate, doll

Unjustified

“we are positioning the brand in the high-middle class sector”

Reasons for borrowing

• the need for nominations of new objects and concepts

• absence in the native language of an equivalent word for a new object or concept
• perception of a foreign word as more prestigious
• emergence of the Internet global computer system
• development of the world market, economy, information technology
• participation in the Olympics, international festivals, fashion shows

Comparison of unjustifiably borrowed words with their Russian equivalents

New flagship smartphone Xiaomi will be presented together with fitness tracker May 10.

The new flagship phone will be presented along with a smart bracelet.

Having visited hotel"Kursk", you will be pleasantly surprised by our cordiality and high-quality, unobtrusive service.

When you visit the Kursk Hotel, you will be pleasantly surprised by our cordiality and high-quality, unobtrusive service.

Crisis and market

baby sitters.

The crisis and the market for babysitters.

Sociological research

1.How often do you use borrowed words in your speech?

2.Where do you use them?

Sociological research

3. Do you use borrowed words?

4. Do you think the Russian language needs borrowed words?

Sociological research

5. Determine the lexical meaning of borrowed words

Couturier

Armwrestling

Boutique

Moratorium

Best-seller

Know-how

Grant

Parking

Inauguration

Poster

Creative

Precedent

Hobby

Leasing

difficulty most recognizable

Results of sociological research

• students know the meaning of borrowed words and consciously use them in their speech

• spoken words are more understandable

• students are calm about the process of borrowing words

Conclusion

• the process of borrowing in the Russian language is inevitable
• excessive borrowings clog speech and lead to the formation of absurd phrases
• borrowed words enrich and decorate the Russian language

Loan words needed ,

if you can't do without them!

If there is already a synonym in the Russian language, then replace it with a foreign language not necessary .

As for the introduction of foreign words into Russian speech... there is no need to disown them, but there is no need to abuse them either.

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Presentation on the topic: Foreign words in Russian speech

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Introduction Main part 1 chapter. Borrowed words, their characteristics, chapter 2. The history of the emergence of borrowed words in the Russian language, chapter 3. Modern borrowings of the late twentieth century - early twenty-first century III. Conclusion IV. List of used sources and literatureV. Application

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The Russian language is the language of the Russian people, whose representatives live not only in Russia, but also in many other countries. Language is the most living and lasting connection that connects all generations of a people. The vocabulary of the modern Russian language has gone through a long development process. His vocabulary consists not only of native Russian words, but also of words borrowed from other languages. Foreign language sources replenished and enriched the Russian language throughout the entire process of its development.

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Target research work– find out whether there are many borrowed words in the Russian language, what are the reasons for borrowing and how often my contemporaries use them in speech, and most importantly, whether their meaning is understood. The object of research is Russian speech. The subject of the study is foreign words. Objectives of the study: - to study linguistic and journalistic literature on the issue of borrowed words in the modern Russian language; - to study the history of the emergence of borrowed words; - to determine the reasons for borrowings in modern speech; - to identify semantic groups of borrowings; - to trace the attitude towards them in present tense; - warn against excessive use of borrowed words.

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Borrowing is a process as a result of which a certain foreign language element or a full-valued morpheme appears and is fixed in a language. Borrowing is an integral part of the language development process, one of the main sources of replenishment vocabulary. Borrowed vocabulary reflects social, economic and cultural connections between peoples.

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Methods of foreign borrowing Direct borrowing. The word is found in the Russian language in the same form and with the same meaning as in the original language. These are words such as weekend - weekend - weekend; black - black - black; money - money - money. Hybrids. These words are formed by adding a Russian suffix, prefix and ending to a foreign root. In this case, the meaning of a foreign word often changes, for example: to ask (to ask), to buzz (busy - restless, fussy).

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Tracing paper. Words of foreign origin with preserved phonetic and graphic appearance. These are words such as menu, parol, disk, virus. Half tracing paper. Words that obey the rules of Russian grammar. For example: drive - drive (drive) “There hasn’t been such a drive for a long time” - in the meaning of “fuse, energy”. Exoticisms. Words that characterize the national customs of other peoples. They do not have Russian synonyms. For example: chips, hot dog, cheeseburger.

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Foreign language inclusions. These words have synonyms, but are stylistically different from them and are fixed in one or another area of ​​communication as an expressive means that gives speech a special expression. For example: okay (OK); wow (Wow!). Composites. Words consisting of two English words, for example: (second – hand) - second-hand - a store selling used clothing; (video – salon) - video salon - a room for watching films. Jargonisms. Words that appeared as a result of the distortion of any sounds, for example: crazy (crazy)

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History of borrowing “There is no language on earth that would be completely free from foreign influences, since not a single people lives a completely isolated, isolated life,” says Nikolai Maksimovich Shansky in his book “Lexicology of the Modern Russian Language.”

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Borrowing foreign language vocabulary especially flourishes during periods of active historical processes, characterized by rapid changes in the life of society. Borrowing foreign language vocabulary especially flourishes during periods of active historical processes, characterized by rapid changes in the life of society. Vivid examples this is the adoption of Christianity in Rus' and the penetration of Old Slavonicisms into the Old Russian language, the Peter the Great era, when words from the field of military affairs, politics, government controlled.

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First quarter of the 18th century. the time of Peter's reforms, in the implementation of which Peter the Great used the experience of Western European countries in the development of industry, trade and culture. Reforms were carried out in the field of public administration, organization of military affairs, transformations in the field of education, culture, science and everyday life.

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Here is what V.G. Belinsky wrote about that time: “In the Peter the Great era, many foreign words necessarily entered the Russian language, because many foreign concepts and ideas entered Russian life. This phenomenon is not new... It is very difficult to invent your own terms to express other people’s concepts, and in general this work is rarely successful. Therefore, with the new that one takes from another, he takes the very word that expresses this concept.” At that time, not only the names of new scientific and cultural concepts, vocabulary of military and maritime affairs. Words of an everyday nature were usually not translated either.

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Peter's era - from Dutch (shipyard, harbor, pennant, berth, drift, pilot, flag, fairway, skipper, navigator, boat, ballast); - from German (tie, decanter, hat, office, package, accountant, bill, share , agent, camp, headquarters, commander, cadet, corporal, carriage, cartridge belt, workbench, jointer, nickel, quartz, saltpeter, tungsten, potato); - from English (boat, brig, barge, schooner, yacht, midshipman, cottage, trolleybus, rail, mac, steak, pudding, rum, whiskey, grog, cake, plaid, sweater, jacket, French, finish, sport, athlete, football); - from French (corset, corsage, jacket, vest, coat, manteau , blouse, tailcoat, bracelet, veil, jabot, floor, furniture, chest of drawers, office, buffet, salon, toilet, dressing table, chandelier, lampshade, curtain, service, footman, broth, cutlet, cream, stew, dessert, marmalade, ice cream );― from Italian (baroque, carbonari, dome, mezzanine, mosaic, cavalier, trousers, gasoline, arch, barricade, watercolor, credit, corridor, bastion, carnival, arsenal, bandit, balcony, charlatan);― from Spanish (alcove , guitar, castanets, mantilla, serenade, caramel, vanilla, tobacco, tomato, cigar, lemon, jasmine, banana).

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At the end of the eighteenth century, classicism was replaced by sentimentalism. N.M. Karamzin implements style reform literary language. Karamzinist writers, although they opposed foreign language dominance, were still overly keen on foreign, especially French, words and expressions. Indeed, in those days, both the royal court and the nobles sought to copy Versailles. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, Admiral A.S. became an opponent of all innovations and borrowings. Shishkov, who for some time held the post of Minister of Public Education and President of the Russian Academy. Shishkov was a passionate and convinced champion of antiquity; everything new in the language seemed to him malicious damage. Ancient monuments, folklore and, of course, book and Church Slavonic texts served as models of Russian speech for him. He attacked foreign words especially fiercely. The policy aimed at combating borrowing was called linguistic purism (from the Latin purus - “pure”). Purists believe that borrowings spoil the language and that a word can be canceled or banned by force of will.

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At the beginning of the 20th century. Russia has entered an era of wars and revolutions. During the revolution of 1905-1907. Borrowed words-terms appeared: agrarian, barricade, strike, boycott, demonstration, directives, mandate, rally, party, provocateur, proclamation, propaganda. The events of 1917 caused an avalanche of new words. Immediately after October 1917, many people perceived the use of foreign words as a sign of progressiveness and revolutionism.

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With the collapse of the Soviet Union, a new socio-political vocabulary began to emerge, reflecting the sphere of politics, economics and democracy. But also decay Soviet Union also meant the destruction of barriers that stood in the way of communication with the Western world. Business, scientific, trade, and cultural ties have intensified, foreign tourism has flourished; business as usual began the long-term work of specialists in institutions of other countries, the functioning of joint ventures in the CIS countries. There has been an increased need for intensive communication with people who use other languages, borrowing terms in areas such as Computer Engineering, economics, finance, commerce, sports, fashion, journalism and others. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, new socio-political vocabulary began to appear, reflecting the sphere of politics, economics and democracy. But the collapse of the Soviet Union also meant the destruction of barriers that stood in the way of communication with the Western world. Business, scientific, trade, and cultural ties have intensified, foreign tourism has flourished; Long-term work of specialists in institutions of other countries and the operation of joint ventures in the CIS countries have become commonplace. There has been an increased need for intensive communication with people who speak other languages, and for borrowing terms in areas such as computing, economics, finance, commerce, sports, fashion, journalism and others.

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Rapid changes in social and scientific lifeIncreasing information flows, the emergence of the global computer system of the Internet, the expansion of interstate and international relations, development world market, economy, information technology, participation in Olympics, international festivals, fashion shows All this led to the entry of new words into the Russian language

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Public relations and television blitz interviews, price list, emoticons, shopping, copyright, security, mass media, multimedia, PR, roaming, TV show, stylist, talk show, fan club, shopping tour, boutique, top model, jackpot, label, blockbuster, video pirate, music video director, image maker, makeup artist, paparazzi, cable television

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Reasons for borrowing at the present stage The need for naming new things, phenomena, concepts: computer, grant, Internet The need for specialization of concepts: marketing (market), management (management), audit (revision, control) The presence of established systems of terms in international use, for example, computer terminologyThe desire for a fashionable, more modern word.

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Borrowing should be used in cases where it is necessary. Mastering foreign language vocabulary and abusing it are completely different phenomena. If the first is a normal language process, then the second is an irresponsible attitude towards language, imitation, blind adherence to fashion. Of course, neither linguistic scientists, nor journalists and writers should sit idly by, watching how Russian speech is clogged with foreign language. Borrowing should be used in cases where it is necessary. Mastering foreign language vocabulary and abusing it are completely different phenomena. If the first is a normal language process, then the second is an irresponsible attitude towards language, imitation, blind adherence to fashion. Of course, neither linguistic scientists, nor journalists and writers should sit idly by, watching how Russian speech is clogged with foreign language. “To borrow,” said A. A. Potebnya, “means to take so that you can contribute more to the treasury of human culture than you receive.” But nothing can be done here with prohibitions. Scientific and educational work is needed, the purpose of which is to educate good linguistic taste. And good taste is the main condition for correct and appropriate use. linguistic means, both strangers, borrowed, and our own, original.

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In this work, we tried to analyze the history of borrowings in the Russian language, examined their types and methods of formation, areas of use, and studied different points of view on attitudes towards borrowed words. I believe that our work has a practical orientation, because In our work we included a wide variety of information about linguistic phenomena that school curriculum are insufficiently illuminated. The collected material can be used in Russian language lessons and in preparing extracurricular activities. Work allows you to expand your vocabulary.

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Thus, we came to the following conclusions: 1. Due to the long-term economic, political, cultural, military and other ties of the Russian people with others, a fairly significant number of foreign words have penetrated into their language. Borrowing foreign language vocabulary is a natural and logical process that accompanies contacts different nations and their languages. It is caused by the need to name a new object invented by another people, to designate a new concept that has appeared in society. This process enriches the language and is usually not harmful since it preserves the core vocabulary. 2. Borrowings in the Russian language are used in all spheres of people’s lives. New and unknown words must be learned: what exactly they mean, how to pronounce and write them correctly. With a correct understanding of the meaning of a foreign word and subject to its appropriate use, the use of borrowing enriches the language and improves the speech culture of the speaker and writer.3. Using a foreign word unnecessarily leads to speech clogging and incorrectness.4. It is necessary to restore the traditions of Russian speech culture. A person of any profession, any profile of knowledge, any socio-political activity is obliged to be able to speak and write in Russian competently, beautifully, clearly and clearly.

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N.M. Shansky. Lexicology of the modern Russian language. - M.: Education, 1964. - 315 pp. Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary / Ch. ed. A. M. Prokhorov. 2nd ed. - M.: Sov. Encyclopedia, 1983.- 1600 pp., ill. Modern dictionary of foreign words: interpretation, word usage, etymology / L.M. Bash, A.V. Bobrova et al. 2nd ed. stereog. - M.: Citadel, 2001. - 928 pp. Vaulina E.Yu., Sklyarevskaya G.N. Let's speak correctly!: The newest and most common borrowings in the modern Russian language. - M., 2004. Krysin L.P. Foreign words in modern Russian. - M., 1968. New English-Russian dictionary/ Ed. V.K. Muller. - 9th ed. - M., 2002. Dictionary of foreign words / Ed. V.V. Burtseva, N.M. Semenova. - M., 2005 Modern Russian language. Textbook for philological specialties pedagogy. Institutes P.N. Lekant, N.G. Goltsova, V.P. Zhukov and others M., “Onyx”, 1990. – 150 s. Sovetsky encyclopedic Dictionary M., " Soviet encyclopedia» 1988 – 909 pp. Modern Russian language [in 2 parts]. Part 1 Ed. D.E. Rosenthal. Ed. 2nd, rev. Textbook for universities. M.: " graduate School", 1976.- 538 p. Quote based on the book by Vinogradov V.V. Essays on the history of the Russian literary language of the 17th-19th centuries. M., Uchpedgiz, 1963. – 240 p. Krysin L.P. Foreign language word in the context of modern social life\\Russian language at the end of the 20th century M., 1975. – 302 pp. Vinogradov V.V. Grammar of the modern Russian literary language M., Higher school, 1985. – 462 pp. Modern dictionary of foreign words. – M., 2000. – 742 p. Rosenthal D.E. and others. Russian language for schoolchildren in grades 5-9. Journey to the land of words: Tutorial. Bustard, M., 1995

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