Antonio Gaudi short biography. Antonio Gaudí and his famous houses are the hallmark of Catalonia's attractions Famous Spanish architect

Nowadays, few people have not heard of the architect and the Sagrada Familia, his most famous work. The Catalans idolize Gaudi, because it was thanks to him that Barcelona acquired its own unique style.

Biography of Antonio Gaudí reveals a lot of interesting moments about his life, despite the fact that all his life the genius was a rather withdrawn person, having practically no friends. Architecture was the main meaning of his life, the element in which he gave no concessions to anyone, often being tough and cruel with workers. Antonio Gaudí i Cornet was born on June 25, 1852 in Reus (Catalonia), or in a village near this town, becoming the fifth child in the family. It is the fact that his entire childhood was spent near the sea that explains the bizarre forms of the buildings of a genius, reminiscent of sand castles. As a child, Antonio suffered pneumonia and rheumatism. Due to diseases, he had practically no friends, so the boy was often alone with nature, even then dreaming of becoming an architect. Subsequently, this influenced the creation in his creations of forms close to natural.

Since 1868, Gaudí moved to Barcelona, ​​where he took architectural courses. One of the teachers called him either a genius or crazy for his non-standard projects. Gaudi never used drawings and computers, in his work he was guided only by intuition, making all the calculations in his mind. It cannot be said that the architect was in search of his own style, he just saw the world like that, creating masterpieces of architecture. Here you can point out the fact that Antonio's ancestors, up to great-grandfathers, were boilermakers, the most complex products were made "by eye", without drawings. Apparently it was theirs. family trait. In 1878, he was finally noticed and received his first commission, designing a Barcelona street lamp. The project was fully implemented the following year.

House of Vicens

Vicens House (Casa Vicens, 1878) was designed for the diploma student and manufacturer of building materials Manuel Vincens at the beginning of Gaudí's architectural career. The house has a simple rectangular plan, built of stone and brick, but the architect provided the building with rich ceramic decoration and so many outbuildings, turrets and balconies that the house looked like a fairy-tale palace. The master drew inspiration from ancient Arab architecture. Gaudi himself designed the window bars and the garden fence, as well as sketched the interior of the dining room and smoking room. In this project, for the first time, the experience of creating a parabolic arch was used. This villa can be seen on Carolines Street, unfortunately now devoid of a garden.

His career began with very modest orders, in addition to a street lamp for the Royal Square, he was engaged in the design of shop windows, designed street toilets. But thanks to this, he was noticed by the wealthy industrialist Count Eusebio Güell y Basigalupi, who became his patron and regular customer until the count's death in 1918. Count Güell gave Gaudi complete freedom, thus allowing him to express himself. Everything that Antonio built for Güell has become a collection of masterpieces that Barcelona is so proud of.

Gaudí's first job for Count Güell was the construction of the count's estate in the district of Garraf (1884-1887). Only the gate with a forged dragon survived, the appearance of a mighty monster on the gate was very symbolic, since it is part of the emblem of Catalonia, and its curves repeat the outlines of the constellation Draco. This was the whole Gaudi, all his buildings and sculptures are permeated with symbolism. Next to the gates are the entrance pavilions, which used to house the stable, the arena and the gatekeeper's house, and now the Gaudí Research Center. The domed turrets on these pavilions are reminiscent of the book One Thousand and One Nights.

The most unique work of Gaudí for the count was the building of the Barcelona residence of Güell - (1886-1891). This building is a vivid display of Gaudí's own style. The unique combination of materials and multicolor creates fantastic looks. The roof of this building is lined with decorative chimneys and ventilation pipes of unimaginable types, none of which is repeated. Gaudi did not forget about the practicality of his buildings, thanks to the huge arches it was easy for the carriages to enter the stables located under the house. Inside the house there was a spacious main hall, which was crowned with a dome with holes, so that even in the daytime, raising your head, it seemed that you were looking at the starry sky. Everything in this building is designed by Gaudí, balcony railings, furniture, moldings on the ceilings, columns (forty different shapes).

The main dream of the architect was the construction of churches, he was a deeply religious person. Contacted him Catholic Church with a request to complete the building of the College of the Sisters of the Order of St. Teresa, which was abandoned by another architect. The funds of the order were very meager, since the order had taken a vow of poverty. But Gaudi was able to give this building a refined, refined style, decorating it not luxuriously, but modestly: with the emblems of the order, turrets with crosses and arches.

Another order of the church was the episcopal palace in Astorga (1887-1893), which he never managed to finish, since the Academy of Fine Arts in Madrid, whose permission was required for the implementation of this project, harassed the architect with amendments, and he quit his job, since defended every stroke on his drawings. The palace was completed by another architect, but retained from Gaudi the overall appearance, reminiscent of medieval castles with their turrets and buttresses.

However, most certainly famous work the master remains the Sagrada Familia (Sagrada Familia), made in an atypical style for temple architecture. erection of the cathedral architect Antonio Gaudi devoted a lot of time and energy, starting it in 1883, however, the building was never completed due to the death of Antonio Gaudí. After the genius died, the Sagrada Familia project remained unfinished, since Antonio did not like to draw, after him there were no author's drawings. The forms and symbolism of the cathedral are so complex, and Gaudi's method of work is so unique that all subsequent attempts to continue the construction looked too uncertain.

In addition to the Sagrada Familia, there are 13 major buildings of Antoni Gaudi in Barcelona, ​​giving the city a unique touch and allowing you to create an idea of ​​​​the style of a brilliant creator. These include Dom Mila (residential building, the walls of which are painted with inside, and on a flat uneven roof there are chimneys lined with pieces of glass and ceramics), Casa Batllo (whose wavy, scaly roof resembles a giant snake), Mirales Gate (a rounded wall covered with tortoise-shell tiles), Parc Güell (which is an urban style in nature, there is not a single straight line here, this park has become the pearl of Barcelona), the church of the Guell country estate, the Bellesguard house (a villa in the form gothic castle with stained-glass windows of a complex star shape) and of course many others, since, having entered “fashion” among rich citizens, he did not go out of it until the end of his life.

Architect Antonio Gaudi died when he was hit by a tram on June 7, 1926. There is widespread information that on this day the first tram was launched in Barcelona and allegedly it was the architect who crushed the architect, but this is just a legend. Gaudí was a neglected old man and was mistaken for a homeless man. He died three days later on June 10, in a homeless shelter, but he was identified by accident elderly woman. And thanks to her, the great architect was not buried in a common grave, but was buried with honors in the building of his entire life, the Sagrada Familia, where you can see his grave and death mask.

By decision of UNESCO, Park Güell, the Güell Palace and the House of Mila were declared heritage of mankind.

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Gaudi was also a rather unusual person. Faktrum talks about the great architect in a selection of fascinating facts from his biography.

Antonio Gaudi

1. A love of botany created an architect

A weak child suffering from rheumatism, Antonio Gaudi discovered the world of fantasy early on, learned to carefully observe and understand the language of nature. This served as the basis for many of the images and ideas of the young architect and gave him a sense of home (he remained faithful to his childhood friends for life, and his assistants mainly came from Reus, Tarragona and the surrounding area; this served as more than sufficient recommendation for Gaudi).

Even as a child, Gaudi became seriously interested in botany. He was genuinely interested in plants and the insects that pollinate them. The Spanish architect devoted his final school essay to bees. Later, his first academic project at the Barcelona School of Architecture was the cemetery gate, which was supposed to separate the world of the dead from the world of the living.

2. Hate straight lines and routine

Gaudi simply hated closed and geometrically correct spaces, and the walls drove him crazy. He avoided straight lines, considered them a product of man, and circles for him were a product of God. These life principles helped to leave him after his death eighteen beautiful architectural creations, each of which attracts great attention from tourists.

Gaudi had different eyes: one was short-sighted, the other was far-sighted, but he did not like glasses and said: "The Greeks did not wear glasses." Maybe that's why Gaudi's drawings, familiar to all architects, looked a little different. All his projects, from tiles on the pavement, benches and gates, to the Sagrada Familia (Sagrada Familia), Antonio designed in the form of original layouts, which with the help of mirrors turned into three-dimensional models.

3. Love of a lifetime

Gaudi never married. In all of Gaudi's life, only one woman is known to whom the architect showed signs of attention - Josephine Moreau, who worked as a teacher in a workers' settlement. She did not reciprocate and Gaudi went headlong into Catholicism.

In his youth, the architect was a zealous anti-clerical, wore expensive clothes, followed his appearance. The architect spent the last years as a hermit, devoting all his strength and energy to the creation of the immortal Sagrada Familia, which became the highest embodiment of not only his unique talent, but also his devout faith. By the way, he lived his last years of his life in it, leaving his usual home, taking up residence at a construction site in Spartan conditions.

4. Talent in everything

Gaudí was not only an architect, he was also an artist in the highest sense of the word. He designed not only buildings, but also amazing furniture, bizarre lattice fences, gates and railings. He explained his amazing ability to think and feel in three dimensions by heredity: his father and grandfather were blacksmiths, one of his mother's grandfathers was a cooper, the other sailor was "people of space and location." His father was a coppersmith, and this fact undoubtedly influenced Gaudí's predilection for artistic casting. Many of Gaudí's most astonishing creations are made of wrought iron, often by his own hands.

For example, the hands of Gaudi, together with cabinetmaker Juan Munne, made a garden bench made of artificial stone. It was intended for Park Güell. The original design of this unique bench combines everything that Gaudí put into each of his works: here you will find unusual proportions and a smooth pattern of lines inspired by organic forms. And most importantly, in accordance with the principles of Art Nouveau, all these aesthetic delights are combined with strict fulfillment of purely functional requirements for ergonomics.

5. Construction for a period of 140 years

After the ridiculous death in 1926 of the 73-year-old Gaudi under the wheels of a tram, he was buried in the crypt of the Sagrada Familia. The construction of the cathedral did not stop, but the pace slowed down markedly. And in 1936, war broke out in Spain and construction was briefly interrupted.

Anarchists destroyed almost all the drawings and models left by Gaudi for the followers of the construction of his offspring, setting fire to the workshops. But the construction of the temple continued after 20 years and continues to this day at the expense and donations of people. Currently, the construction is headed by the Catalan architect and painter Josep Maria Subirax.

It is interesting that the famous English writer George Orwell reacted quite positively to that act of vandalism. The cathedral, in his opinion, should have been blown up altogether. Orwell considered the architect's creations the ugliest structures in the world, and gloatingly called the protruding spiers bottles of port. Fortunately, not everyone agreed with this opinion.

Salvador Dali, on the contrary, admired the work of the architect and even organized in 1956 a celebration of Gaudi in the Park Güell. This made it possible to raise additional funds for the continuation of the construction of the Sagrada Familia. The love of Gaudi's life lives on.

Hello friends. Probably, you are already used to the fact that we tell you about interesting sights, cities, those points on our planet that you simply cannot miss. This time we want to talk about Antonio Gaudí. Let's try to do without enthusiastic epithets - all of them have been said about this architect more than once. Let's just note: without this person there would be no Barcelona, ​​Spain, and even the history of world architecture familiar to us. Go.

Antonio Placid Guillem Gaudí y Cornet was born in 1852 in Catalonia, in the small town of Reus. He was the youngest child in a large family of boilermaker Francesc Gaudí y Serra and his wife.

It was thanks to his father's workshop, as Antonio himself later said, that his biography as an architect began.

His brothers and sister died, and his mother later died. So the niece was in the care of Gaudi. The three of them, together with their father, settled in Barcelona.

In 1906, his father died, his health by that time was already severely undermined, and six years later his niece died.

The birth of a star

By 1878, Gaudí graduated from the School of Architecture. After that, he began to work as a draftsman, did a lot of ancillary work, unsuccessfully took part in various competitions.

What happened around? And around reigned excitement associated with the neo-Gothic style. The idea and the very forms of this direction certainly admired Gaudí. But he drew inspiration for his projects from the work of Viollet-le-Duc, the Spanish architect Martorel and art critic John Ruskin.

Eugene Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc - French architect, restorer, art critic and architectural historian, neo-Gothic ideologist, founder of architectural restoration. Wikipedia

The turning point in the work of Antonio Gaudí was the acquaintance with Eusebi Güell, who would later become his friend.

One of the richest people in Catalonia, Guell, could afford to play a little "naughty", making his wildest dreams a reality. Well, Gaudi received in this case complete freedom of expression.

For the Güell family, Antonio created projects for the city palace, the pavilions of their estate, wine cellars, crypts, chapels, and also the one known to everyone.

Bench in Park Güell

Don't forget about the beautiful pieces of furniture that the Gaudi designer came up with and embodied in Güell's houses.

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Gradually, Gaudi went beyond the then dominant styles, completely immersed himself deep into his own universe of curved surfaces and natural ornaments. And with the completion of construction at the age of 34, the architect has already become a star, whose work not everyone could afford.

For the rich of Barcelona, ​​he built incredible dissimilar houses -,. All of them seemed to live their own bizarre lives, incomprehensible to an outsider's eye.

Interior of Mila House

Love, friends, death

Genius devoted all his time to work. It is said that he loved only one woman in his life - the teacher Joseph Moreau. But she did not reciprocate. In general, it is believed that the architect was a rather arrogant and rude person. Although people from close circle said the opposite.

In his youth, Antonio dressed like a dandy, was a gourmet, well versed in theatrical art. In adulthood, he completely stopped taking care of himself. Often on the streets he was mistaken for a tramp.

The last fact was for the architect, alas, fatal. June 7, 1926 Gaudi went to church. At the next intersection, he was hit by a tram. The driver refused to take the unkempt old man, fearing that he would not be paid for the journey.

In the end, the masters were taken to the threshold of the hospital for the poor, where the first absolutely primitive help turned out to be. The next day, Gaudi was found by acquaintances, but it was already impossible to save him. He died on June 10, and a few days later was buried in the Sagrada Familia.

Interior of the Sagrada Familia

Interestingly, in recent decades, a program has been underway to reckon Gaudi to the canon of saints, the patrons of architects.

Architecture

The life of an architect was fruitful and bright. Bright as its architecture. Many believe that Gaudí worked in the Art Nouveau style. However, in fact, his houses noticeably go beyond the boundaries of one style.

We have already mentioned the most famous works of the architect. Let's remember a few more.

One of his first works was the Vincennes House, a private residential building that Gaudi built almost immediately after receiving his diploma. And in its architecture, the influence of the Spanish-Arabic Mudéjar style is clearly visible.

House Vincennes

The next brainchild of the master was the summer mansion of El Capriccio in the town of Comillas.

The construction was commissioned by a relative Guell. And Gaudi himself never even visited the construction site. This building is known, first of all, for its constructivist feature - the horizontal distribution of space.

On the territory of León rises another ode to the Gothic, created by Antonio - the House of Botines. This seven-level building is practically devoid of external decor. The strict appearance is set off only by the artistic forging of the lattice.

But let's get back to Barcelona. Yet it is here that most of the works of the great architect are located.

Calvet House is another private house built by Gaudí.

It was built as an apartment building. Here you will no longer see a hint of Gothic. The design of the building is quite ascetic, which harmonizes well with other buildings in the area.

But take a closer look and you will see a lot of important little things: the hammers on the front doors depict bedbugs, the textile bobbins at the entrance remind of the owner’s profession, floral ornaments hint at the hobby of the owners of the house.

And, of course, the symbol of Barcelona, ​​and maybe the whole country - Sagrada Familia or Sagrada Familia.

This is probably the most famous long-term construction. Various architects have worked and are working on its creation. One of them was Gaudi. It was his work that formed the basis of the appearance of the building.

Gaudi made his contribution to the field of landscape architecture and small forms. These include:

• artigas gardens
• lanterns of the royal square of Barcelona
• Mirallas gate and many others.

Repeatedly he worked conscientiously with other masters.

These were the life and work of a genius who changed our understanding of architecture.

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Today it is impossible to imagine Spain without the creations of Antoni Gaudí. Its fantastic Art Nouveau buildings have become a symbol of Barcelona. Each of them seems to be a living being with its own character. Gaudi drew his inspiration from the nature of his native Catalonia. He was not afraid of bold experiments either. The ingenious legacy of Gaudi belongs not only to his homeland, but to the whole world.

early years

The future great architect was born on 06/25/1852 as the fifth child in the family of a coppersmith in the suburbs of Barcelona. The boy grew up weak and sickly. After suffering from pneumonia, Antonio developed rheumatoid arthritis. As a child, he could hardly walk. However, he managed to outlive all his brothers and sister.

Origins of creativity

Due to illness, the boy was deprived of the joys of childhood from playing with peers. But he liked walking by the sea. Antonio could spend hours watching the waves, looking at coastal rocks or trees. He also liked to watch his father's work in the workshop. Later, these childhood impressions will be reflected in his work.

At school, the boy most of all loved geometry, but monotonous cramming was difficult for him. Antonio drew well, and his drawings were published by the school magazine Harlequin, he was also entrusted with making scenery for a children's play.

Study and first orders

After leaving school, in the fall of 1868, the young Gaudí moved to Barcelona to study as an architect. After 5 years of preparatory courses, he managed to enter the Higher School of Architecture. To make his son's dream come true, the father of the future great architect had to sell his lands and forge.

During his studies, Gaudi worked as a draftsman, while studying carpentry, glass making, and metal forging. At the age of 26, Antonio received a diploma in architecture.

Carier start

After completing his studies, Gaudí opened an architectural office. His first orders were projects for a textile factory and a workers' settlement, churches and monasteries, street lamps for the city, and the interior of a pharmacy.

Despite the fact that in his younger years Antonio was quite attractive and dressed in the latest fashion, he spent his whole life alone. He never created a family, giving himself completely to work.

Meanwhile, Barcelona needed a major makeover. The city began to grow and rebuild. At this time, rich industrialists appeared who were ready to invest their capital in the new look of the city.

Temple of the Sagrada Familia

It was a great success for the young but talented architect to meet Joan Mortarel.

The original project in the form of a cross was supplemented by Antonio with three facades with bell towers. The eastern façade is dedicated to the Nativity of the Savior, the western façade to the Passion of Christ, and the southern façade to God's Glory.

During the construction of the cathedral, Gaudí used inclined supports and parabolic arches. He planned a huge vault and a tower rising above it. At the top there should be a cross illuminated by searchlights - a symbol of the Savior's sacrifice.

The architect wanted to make the temple an apotheosis of medieval Gothic. He was inspired by the ancient cathedrals of Spain, their symbolism and style. In the design of the facades, Gaudi used the images of contemporaries as Christian characters, as well as images of animals and plants of Catalonia.

Work on the cathedral completely absorbed Antonio Gaudi. After 1914 he refused other orders. During his life, the master managed to complete the facade of the Nativity, leaving a model for posterity. The temple is still being built with the money of the townspeople.

Now Sagrada Familia is one of the most recognizable buildings in the world and the main attraction of Barcelona. In 2010, the temple was consecrated by the Pope, and divine services began to be held in it.

It became the first private building designed by Gaudí. The house was built in the Gràcia quarter as a summer residence for the brick manufacturer Manuel Vicens y Montaner. The project of the building was created in 1878, at the very beginning of the architect's career.

The house is built of Moorish-style bricks, its facade is richly decorated with oriental ornaments made of tiled tiles. A garden with an artificial waterfall and a rotunda adjoined the house, which have not survived to this day.

The building occupies 3 floors, the interior decoration was also made in oriental style. Gaudi himself thought out to the smallest detail how the house would look from the inside and outside.

The house has a simple layout, but due to the abundance of decorative elements in the decoration (turrets, ledges, bay windows, balconies) it seems to be a complex structure. In 2017, a museum was opened in the house.

Eusebi Güell was a wealthy industrialist, philanthropist, and politician. But above all, he is known for his acquaintance with Antonio Gaudi. For a long time they had strong friendships. Thanks to Güell's support, Gaudí was able to bring many of his projects to life.

The Palais Güell was one of the young architect's first major commissions. Construction began in 1886 and took 5 years. Palau Güell is located in the very center of Barcelona.

The building is reminiscent of the Doge's Palace in Venice. The walls are lined with gray marble, which gives the facade a strict and solemn look. Two large arches with metal gates with the initials of the owner attract attention.

Between them is a forged sculpture - the flag of Catalonia with a phoenix. Through the gate, the carriages could get into the stables located in the basement. At the level of the second floor rises a gallery, executed in the style of the Italian Renaissance.

The interior of the interior with elements of oriental style, neo-Gothic and art nouveau impressed with its luxury and sophistication of decoration.

The center of the house is a hall rising to the top floor. From above it closes a huge dome with holes for sunlight, reminiscent of the starry sky.

Chimneys on the roofs, lined with ceramics or natural stone, resemble bizarre fairy-tale mushrooms.

Behind the house is a courtyard - an atrium. On this side, the facade is decorated more modestly than on the outside. A small covered terrace and a balcony adjoin the rear wall.

The palace was the main residence of the industrialist's family. Concerts, receptions, exhibitions were held here, as well as collections of works of art were kept. The Güell family owned the house until 1936. It was taken away by the revolutionary authorities and given over to the police. In 1945, it became the property of the municipality of Barcelona, ​​​​now a museum is open in it.

Park Güell

Located in the upper part of Barcelona on the Carmel Hill, created in 1900-1914. Initially, on this site, bought by Eusebi Güell, it was planned to build a garden and mansions for wealthy people. However, the remoteness from the city center did not allow the plan to come true - wealthy citizens did not want to live on the outskirts. A total of 3 houses were built. One was bought by the lawyer Trias y Domenic, the architect Gaudi himself lived in the second, the third was bought out by the owner Eusebi Güell and became his residence.

When creating the park, Gaudi proved himself to be a talented landscape designer. The park consists of green spaces, architectural structures and residential areas. The buildings of Gaudí's authorship follow natural forms. He created a comprehensive road system using the local landscape.

At the entrance to the park, visitors are greeted by fabulous houses where the administration is located.

On the middle platform is a mosaic medallion with the flag of Catalonia. Going upstairs, the visitor finds himself in a hall of 100 columns, reminiscent of Greek.

The visiting card of the park is a long bench wriggling in the form of a sea snake, decorated with a mosaic of colored shards. In the design, Gaudi used broken dishes that were brought to him from all over the city. The bench has an anatomical shape, making it comfortable to sit on. To do this, Gaudí forced the worker to sit on a clay bench model and measured the imprinted curves of his body.

Since the area was originally desert, many plants and trees were planted in the park. Walking paths pass among quaint galleries in the form of bird nests and caves where you can relax on benches and hide from the sun. All architectural objects are close to natural and form a single whole with the park complex.

Subsequently, Guell's heirs handed over the park to the city hall. In the former mansion of Gaudí, his house-museum is now open.

Mature years and the death of Gaudí

During his life, Antonio Gaudí created many masterpieces of architecture that adorned Catalonia. Unfortunately, some of them have not reached us, and those that have survived are now under the auspices of UNESCO.

The great architect devoted the second half of his life to the construction of the Sagrada Familia Cathedral. He became very religious. The former dandy and gourmet began to dress poorly and casually, stopped taking care of himself. Gaudí was a vegetarian and ate very little. Often on the street he was mistaken for a tramp.

Death of Gaudí

On June 7, 1926, an accident occurred - Antonio Gaudi hit a tram. At first, the master was mistaken for a tramp and taken to a hospital for the poor. Gaudí had broken ribs and a traumatic brain injury. After two days, the architect was found by his friend, the chaplain of the Sagrada Familia temple, and he was transferred to a separate ward. June 10, Gaudí died and was buried in the crypt of the unfinished temple.

Canonization

Since 1992, there has been a campaign in Spain for the canonization of Gaudí. He is called an architect from God. It is believed that during the construction of the Sagrada Familia, higher powers directly gave ideas and inspired the master. In 2003, the Vatican began the official procedure for the canonization of Gaudí. However, this process is hampered by an insufficient number of miracles. Perhaps the architect will be declared blessed, but so far this issue has not been resolved by the Vatican.

In any case, the memory of the great Antonio Gaudi lives on in the form of his amazing buildings, which transformed not only Spain, but also world architecture.

😉 Greetings to my regular and new readers! The article "Biography of Antonio Gaudi: Interesting Facts" contains an amazing story of the Spanish architect, a brief biography and facts. Most of his buildings were erected in Friends, if you are not familiar with his biography, then this information will be of interest to you.

Biography of Gaudí

Anthony Placid Gilm Gaudí y Cornet was born on June 25, 1852 in the small town of Catalonia - Reus, in the family of a hereditary blacksmith, a master of artistic metal forging, which influenced the future life of our hero. Parents had a small country house and a workshop.

Antonio was the fifth and youngest child in the family. He suffered from rheumatism since childhood. Limited mobility prevented the boy from playing with other children. He was addicted to long solitary walks by the sea.

The boy liked to look at the sea and the clouds, carefully examined the snails. All this developed in him observation and love for nature. All his houses resemble sand castles.

Relatives

Two of Antonio's brothers died in infancy. The third brother died when Gaudí was 24 years old. Soon the mother died.

In 1879, his sister also died, leaving their little daughter in the care of Antonio. In 1906, his father died, and six years later, his niece was not in poor health. Gaudi was left alone. He never married and had no close friends. Many circumstances of his life remain unknown.

Architect Antonio Gaudi

In the seventies of the XIX century, Antonio moved to Barcelona. After five years of preparatory courses, he was admitted to the School of Architecture, from which he graduated at the age of 26.

He began his architectural career with fancy fences and wrought iron lanterns, performing many small jobs. He also designed unusual furniture for his own home.

He hated geometrically regular and closed spaces. He avoided straight lines, believing that a straight line is from a person, and a circle is from God.

The Mila House (1906-1910) for the Mila family was Gaudí's last secular work. Then he devoted himself entirely to work on the Sagrada Familia.

Fame came to the architect after designing and building several houses for the rich people of Barcelona. Palace Güell, Casa Mila, Casa Batllo.

The brilliant architect devoted 44 years to the main project of his life - the construction of the Sagrada Familia (Sagrada Familia), completely giving all his strength and energy. From 1882 to the present, the construction of the Temple has not stopped. (In Russian, the inaccurate name is the Sagrada Familia).

I was lucky to be in Barcelona and see the fantastic creations of the great master. This needs to be seen for real! If you have not yet decided where to go on a trip - choose Spain!

Start with Barcelona, ​​an amazing city. A lot of pleasant and unforgettable impressions! There is a good option for travel - and relax, and visit several countries.

Death of Gaudí

On June 7, 1926, 73-year-old Antonio was hit by a tram and lost consciousness. The cab drivers refused to take an untidy and impoverished old man to the hospital for free. In the end, the great architect was taken to the hospital for the poor. He received basic medical care there.

Hospital of the Holy Cross and St. Paul (1401). Here the great Gaudi - the national pride of Catalonia - parted with this world.

Only the next day he was found and identified by the chaplain of the Sagrada Familia. By that time, Gaudí's condition had deteriorated so much that it was no longer possible to help him. The great architect died on June 10, 1926. He was buried two days later in the crypt of the unfinished temple.

Quotes

• “Artists do not need to make monuments, because they have already been created by their labors”;
• “Only those who touch the hearts of people will remain for a long time”;
• “Originality is a return to the roots”;
• "To avoid disappointment, one must not succumb to illusions."

Conclusion: what was the key to the success and world fame of Gaudí?

1. Father's workshop, in which the basics of creativity were learned.
2. A great desire to create, create and build.
3. Diligence, diligence, patience.
4. To be youreself. This helped develop new ideas about architecture. He never copied or repeated someone else's style.

Biography of Antonio Gaudi (video)

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