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Fauna and flora of Kuban Reservoirs Krasnodar region
. Black and Azov seas
Kuban River
Chelbas Bolshaya Laba Caucasian State biosphere reserve . The reserve was created in 1924. It is located on the northern and southern slopes of the Main Caucasus Range. total area
reserve 280 thousand hectares. Main goals: nature conservation, restoration of valuable species of animals and birds: bison, aurochs, Caucasian deer, etc.
The following rivers flow through the reserve: Mzymta, Khosta, Shakhe, Sochi, Belaya, Malaya Laba, etc. There are more than 120 lakes. They are small in area and are often completely free of ice only by mid-summer. The largest lake in the reserve is Lake Silence. Lakes Khuko, Kardyvach, Goluboe and Atsetuk lakes are especially beautiful.
The nature of the Caucasus State Biosphere Reserve is uniquely beautiful and diverse. IN Krasnodar region More than 3,000 plant species grow. Explains such wealth flora – variety natural conditions in the region. Unreasonable economic activity
people has led to the fact that some plants are becoming rare and disappearing. They are listed in the Red Book of Kuban.
Minerals of the Krasnodar region.
Krasnodar region is the oldest oil-producing region in Russia. Oil production began in 1864.
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
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Conservationists never tire of convincing people to take care of natural resources countries. Yes, in Russia there are many corners with wonderful green forests, meadows full of flowers, high mountains with steep peaks and many lakes and rivers rich in fish. However, the restless activity of man has an increasing impact on the world around him and sometimes people do not even notice this in the cycle of their own problems. Kuban is known for its mild, temperate climate, where the cold does not last long in winter, and the sun does not scorch so much in summer.
Diversity around
The northeast of Kuban is represented by a steppe lowland, it extends for tens of kilometers and steppe animals live there. These are rodents different types, which most They spend their lives in burrows, invisible to humans: gophers, mice, jerboas, also moles and hamsters. All of them eagerly feed on agricultural plants, causing their own harm. They are hunted by steppe predators - ordinary ferrets; red foxes and dexterous weasels are often found. Birds - dexterous larks, partridges, interesting for hunters quails, crows and ordinary magpies fly. Birds of prey are owls, owls, kites and steppe harrier are active at night.
Starlings and finches are more common in gardens. It’s safer for them to live there and people feed them.
The Kuban delta is more diverse: there are herds of wild boars and foxes. And the birds are pelicans, ordinary gulls, wild ducks and lapwings, flocks of geese, herons walk, swans swim. You can find muskrats in estuaries.
Forests of Kuban
They cover the mountains and foothills, lush grass grows there, and there are good conditions for different animals and bird species. A wild pigs found in the depths of beech and oak thickets. You can rarely meet a person there and they are quite calm. Boars have thick, coarse bristles of a dark brown hue, and there are black individuals. Males are distinguished by their fangs, which are so convenient to threaten an enemy and dig up roots.
Broad-leaved forests are loved by roe deer; they are small here, no taller than a goat, but outwardly similar to deer. Males have horns. You can meet bears, wolves and jackals, raccoon dogs, foxes, as well as martens and badgers. There are otters and minks along the coast. They live well near the water - the animals are famous as excellent swimmers and divers, and feed on fish.
Animals - inhabitants natural areas.
Security organic world Krasnodar region
1. Define the meaning of the terms.
Population- a long-term group of individuals of the same species.
Area- this is an area on the surface of the earth or water that is occupied by one or another type of plant, animal, or fish.
Relic- a thing, phenomenon or organism preserved as a relic from ancient eras.
2. Using the “fishbow” technique, draw up a diagram of the “Animal World” natural complexes Krasnodar region.
3. Solve the Chinaword, which encrypts the names of animals living in the Krasnodar Territory and the Black Sea, and write down which of them are listed in the Red Book.
Bottlenose dolphin, mink, newt are listed in the Red Book
4. Mark the correct statements with a + sign.
— The species diversity of the fauna of the steppe zone does not depend on human activity
— Waterfowl live in the Azov region: hamster, weasel, hedgehog, hare, badger
+ The Trans-Kuban plain is inhabited by both steppe and forest representatives of the animal world.
— Among the predators in our region, the largest is the bison
+ The smallest predator living in the region is the weasel.
5. Make a list of the largest environmental organizations operating in the Krasnodar Territory. Use the information posted on the ministry’s website natural resources Krasnodar region (mprkk.ru). Find out if there are any specially protected areas in your area. natural areas
, including botanical natural monuments. Prepare a short report about one of them. — World Fund wildlife
. Separate division of the Russian Caucasus department — Rosprirodnadzor management Federal service
for supervision in the field of environmental management in the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea — Azov-Black Sea Basin Department for Fisheries and Aquatic Conservation
biological resources
— Regional Information and Analytical Center for Environmental Monitoring
— Kuban environmental company
— Kuban State Agrarian University Research Institute of Applied and Experimental Ecology
— Kuban Environmental Center
— Center for Legal Defense and Ecology
Natural monuments
6. Reflect on the statement of the Russian writer Mikhail Prishvin: “In nature, everything is connected with each other, and there is nothing random in it. And if a random phenomenon occurs, look for the hand of a person in it.” Write a short essay-reasoning. Reflect in it natural features Krasnodar region and the role of man in the transformation of the environment.
In nature, everything was perfected not over years or even millennia, but over millions of years. Everything about her is harmonious. Not only Prishvin wrote about this. Einstein argued that there is nothing random in nature, and if something seems random to us, then it is only the result of our incomplete knowledge. Unfortunately, humans often play a destructive role in nature, and environmental problems arise due to their activities. First of all, this is water pollution and depletion water resources. There is a decrease in the species and number of fish in reservoirs. The Kuban River flows in the Krasnodar Territory, the waters of which do not meet safety standards. Swimming is prohibited in the reservoir, so local beaches have been eliminated.
Another problem is soil erosion and a decrease in their fertility, especially in coastal areas. Some natural monuments are still being destroyed, such as National parks. Rare species of flora and fauna are disappearing in the region.
One of the significant environmental problems The Krasnodar Territory is polluted with oil and petroleum products. Due to some accidents, the situation has reached disastrous levels. The largest leaks were seen in such populated areas: Tuapse; Yeisk; Tikhoretsk
There are leaks of kerosene and gasoline at oil depots. Lenses appeared underground in these places where oil products were concentrated. They pollute the soil and The groundwater.
It is high time to realize that it is necessary to take care of nature and protect it for the sake of continuing our life on earth.
In the northeastern part of the region, in the Kuban-Azov lowland, steppe animals are common. Field mice, gophers, jerboas, moles, and hamsters live here. They all do harm agriculture. They live in burrows and feed on grain and leaves. Predators include foxes, weasels, and ferrets. Birds include larks, quails, gray partridges, crows, and magpies. There are also predators - kites, owls, owls, steppe harrier.
In gardens and parks you can see finches, tits, buntings, and starlings.
In the Kuban delta, in the floodplains and estuaries there are wild boars, foxes, waterfowl: pelicans, gulls, ducks, lapwings, waders, geese, herons, sometimes swans arrive. The muskrat lives in the estuaries. In the floodplains of the Kalininsky district there is the largest multi-species colony of storks in the region.
Forest fauna
In the mountains and foothills there is an abundance of forest fruits and lush meadow grasses. This creates favorable conditions for the habitat of animals and birds. Wild pigs graze in small herds of oak and beech forests. Unlike domestic pigs, wild pigs are somewhat shorter and taller on their legs. Old boars reach 100-150 kilograms of weight. They are covered with thick, coarse bristles of a dark brown and sometimes almost black color. The male has fangs.
Widely deciduous forests There are small roe deer, the size of a domestic goat, resembling a deer in appearance. Only males have horns. They hunt for food by bear, wolf, jackal, raccoon dog, badger, fox, marten. On the river banks there are mink and otter. They dive and swim well, feed on fish and frogs.
Among the reptiles there are: snakes - common and water snakes, vipers - steppe and Koznakov’s viper (found high in the mountains), legless lizard spindle and yellowbell.
In the morning, the forest and valleys of the foothills are filled with the singing and chirping of various birds.
Predators of the Krasnodar region
Magpies chirp, blackbirds whistle, cuckoos crow, jays call to each other, wagtails scurry around the streams, shaking their tails; Along the banks of the rivers you can hear the melodic tune of the yellow-lemon oriole, red falcons quickly rush after prey, and woodpeckers, the healers of the forests, methodically tap on the bark of the tree trunks. Agile shrikes hunt for insects. The nimble bee-eater chases bees and bumblebees, grabbing them in flight with its long, thin beak. Owls, eagle owls, starlings, grosbeaks, goldfinches, kingfishers, tits fly here, and high in the mountains - Caucasian grouse and mountain turkeys. Blue rollers, tree sparrows and shore swallows live along the steep banks of rivers.
Birds bring great benefits national economy, destroying harmful insects and rodents. For example, one swallow catches more than a thousand plant pests per day. Woodpeckers save hundreds of trees by eating beetle larvae hidden under the bark. An owl kills a thousand mice over the summer, and each mouse eats 1 kilogram of grain per year. It turns out that only one owl saves us a ton of bread a year.
Not all birds live here all year round. Many live only in the summer, hatch their chicks, and fly away to more distant places in the fall. warmer climes. There are about 320 species of birds in Kuban.
Soil and air pollution has led to a sharp reduction in the number of insectivorous birds: starlings, swallows, sparrows. But the number of crows and pigeons has increased. City garbage dumps serve as an excellent food source for them.
The fauna of the Black Sea is diverse, but is concentrated mainly in the upper layer. Of the commercially important fish, beluga, sturgeon, stellate sturgeon, herring, anchovy, sprats, bream, mullet, horse mackerel, mackerel, and flounder are of commercial importance. There are dolphins. The Sea of Azov is inhabited by fish: ram, herring, sturgeon (beluga, sturgeon, stellate sturgeon), sprat, shemaya, horse mackerel.
In rivers and estuaries live: bream, silver bream, asp, carp, catfish and other fish.
The Krasnodar region is located in the south of our country, so it is much warmer here than, for example, in the Moscow region. In the Kuban-Azov lowland, in the foothills and mountains, on the Black Sea coast and Taman Peninsula At the same time of year you can experience different weather. Each season has its own weather. These annually recurring weather patterns make up the climate of a given area. It depends on the geographical location, proximity of seas, terrain and prevailing winds. The climate of most of our region is temperate continental, on the Black Sea coast (south of Tuapse) it is subtropical - humid.
The territory of the Kuban Plain is open from the north, that is, it is accessible to the action of the Arctic air masses.
The formation of weather has a certain influence cyclones and anticyclones. Cyclones (air masses with low atmospheric pressure) usually bring rainy, unstable weather. Anticyclones (air flows with high atmospheric pressure) contribute to the establishment stable weather, warm in summer and cold in winter.
With easterly and northeasterly winds, summer is dry and hot weather. In winter, these winds cause cold weather. A particularly sharp drop in temperature is observed during the breakthrough of Arctic air masses in the Ciscaucasia. The air temperature drops to minus 20-25°.
Winds from the southwest bring coolness and rain in summer, and thaws and precipitation in the form of snow and rain in winter.
Local winds also influence the climate. These include breezes and hairdryers.
Hairdryers- warm, dry winds blowing from the mountains, often in October - December. There are cases when in December, with such a wind, the air temperature in Krasnodar reached 15-20°C. Foes are observed on the Black Sea coast, in the mountainous and foothill parts and (weakened) in the Kuban-Azov lowland, lasting up to 1-2 days.
Breezes, or coastal winds, blow on the coast of the Black and Azov Seas, during the day from sea to land, at night - from land to sea.
The Black Sea cools the coast in summer with breezes; in winter, on the contrary, it warms it, releasing the heat accumulated on hot days. The high Caucasus Mountains trap cold air currents coming from the north.
A cold northeast (northeast) wind blowing from the mountains with hurricane force is called boroy. Strong nor'easters prevail in winter, when a big difference V barometric pressure on land (high) and at sea (low).
The highest wind speeds were observed in the north-west of the Black Sea coast in the Novorossiysk region. The air temperature drops to 15-18° below zero.
There are usually about 50 days with bora per year (usually in November and March). Wind speed reaches 45-50 meters per second (with gusts up to 100 m/s). Bora often leads to icing of ships docked in the bay and causes great damage to the city economy.
On the territory of the Krasnodar Territory, vegetation is distributed into zones. Latitudinal and vertical zoning is clearly expressed here. The steppe zone occupies the entire Kuban-Azov lowland. In the recent past, this was a forb-fescue-feather grass steppe. Currently, almost all of it is plowed and turned into vast collective and peasant farm fields, where wheat, corn, sugar beets, sunflowers, barley, and vegetables and melons are cultivated. In total, there are more than 3 thousand plant species in the region.
Along the roads, along the slopes of ravines and on the tops of mounds you can find wild herbaceous plants: creeping wheatgrass, wild buttercup, yellow sweet clover, wormwood, plantain, coltsfoot, quinoa, sow thistle, St. John's wort, immortelle. In forest belts there are oak, walnut, acacia and other tree species.
On the right bank of the Kuban, not far from the village of Ivanovskaya, lies the Red Forest massif (5200 hectares). This is the remnant of the forests that previously bordered the banks of the Kuban to its lower reaches. Narrow strips of forest remain in the middle reaches of the river. In the Red Forest grow oak, willow, maple, ash, apple, hawthorn, and rose hips; inhabited by deer, roe deer, wild boars, and hares. Depending on the altitude above sea level and the associated changes in climatic, soil and other conditions, not only the general character vegetation, but also the appearance of plants.
As the relief increases, the steppe turns into a forest-steppe, and the latter into a forest zone. The forest-steppe stretches in a relatively narrow strip on the left bank of the Kuban, covering the Trans-Kuban inclined plain and the low (mostly up to 600 m) part of the foothills. About 50% of the area is shrubs and partly broadleaf forests(oak, hornbeam, maple, hazel, dogwood).
Kuban forests occupy 1.7 million hectares and are characterized exclusively valuable species. The region contains approximately 30% of oak forests, over 80% of beech and about 90% of chestnut plantations in Russia. The main part of the forests is located in the foothills, mountainous areas and the Black Sea coast.
Vegetation in the mountains forms three zones: forest, subalpine and alpine.
The forest zone is divided into two zones: broad-leaved and coniferous forests. Up to 700 meters above sea level, predominantly oak forests grow with an admixture of hornbeam, ash, elm, and fruit trees(pear, apple, dogwood). Oak forests give way to a belt of beech trees. At an altitude of 1200 meters they are joined by Caucasian fir. From 1300 to 1800 meters predominate coniferous forests, consisting of Caucasian fir and eastern spruce. Fir needles are softer and slightly wider than spruce needles.
At an altitude of 1800-2200 meters above sea level lies a belt of subalpine vegetation. There are subalpine meadows and crooked forests with shrub beech and mountain maple. Subalpine meadows are rich pastures. IN summer time they contain large cattle and flocks of sheep.
Above the subalpine meadows, starting from altitudes of 2300-2500 and up to 2800-3000 meters above sea level, stretches the belt of alpine meadows of the Northwestern Caucasus (in other parts of the Caucasus it is much higher). The nature here is harsh. Only in August the clearings are free of snow.
How striking the change! In the subalpine zone everything is large and lush, and in the alpine zone the same plants, but from 4 to 15 centimeters in height, with a creeping form. The brightness of the colors and the diversity of flowers in the rocky meadows, surrounded by rocks and snow, is striking. Red mynacles, bright blue gentians, golden-yellow buttercups and dandelions, pink-red carnations, and blue forget-me-nots grow all around.
From 3000 meters and above there are eternal snows and glaciers and inaccessible rocks, almost devoid of any vegetation.
Diverse vegetation of the Black Sea coast. From Anapa to Novorossiysk, the mountain slopes are covered with hornbeam and oak, hornbeam and hornbeam. On the spurs of the Markotkhsky ridge from Novorossiysk to Gelendzhik, twisted and low-growing elm, hornbeam, and among them dogwood and hawthorn grow. In the Gelendzhik area there are elm, maple, ash, dogwood, Walnut, cherry plum, apple tree, pear; along the coast - Pitsunda pine.
12 kilometers south of Gelendzhik is located resort village Dzhanhot. Here, on the high shore of the sea, an island of ancient flora has been preserved - a grove of Pitsunda pine. It is surrounded by hornbeam, maple and other trees.
Beyond the Mikhailovsky Pass, oak is distributed along the mountain slopes and rises to a height of 500-600 meters, then giving way to beech. Alder, viburnum, elderberry, dogwood, and pear grow in floodplains and on river banks.
On the coast from Lazarevsky to Adler, cypress trees, Pitsunda pine, magnolias, and palm trees grow. They remain green all year round.
Parks and squares are decorated with noble laurel, bamboo, yucca, and various palm trees. There is no month of the year when some plants do not bloom. Apricots, peaches and other fruits ripen in the gardens.
The forests of the Black Sea coast preserve supplies of drinking and mineral waters, protect soils from water and wind erosion, landslides, rockfalls and landslides, and soften the climate. They ensure a constant water level in rivers, protect them from silting and shallowing, and thereby create conditions for the reproduction of fish resources. From mountain slopes not protected by forests, rains carry away 100 cubic meters of soil per hectare per year. In such places, ravines quickly form.
The forest has a certain influence on the climate and rivers that feed the fertile plains of the Kuban with their waters, protects reservoirs from drying out, fields from drought, and purifies the air from harmful carbon dioxide, dust and other tiny particles. The vegetation cover of the Earth is called the “lungs of the planet.” One hectare of forest purifies 18 million cubic meters of smoky and carbon dioxide-saturated air per year.
The forest is a healing factor and a wonderful object for tourist trips, excursions, walks. Forest air is clean, it contains a lot of ozone and phytoncides - substances that suppress the development of pathogenic microbes.
The forest is also construction material. The woodworking industry is developed in Kuban. There are furniture factories and associations in Krasnodar, Armavir, Kropotkin, Apsheronsk, Novorossiysk. They make wardrobes and bookcases, chairs, tables, sofas...
It is very diverse, you won’t find any kind of fauna here... This abundance can be explained by the mild climate and rich flora.
The distribution of animals in the area mainly depends on natural conditions. Lakes, rivers and seas, forests and steppes are inhabited by a variety of animals. Here you can find both formidable predators and harmless small rodents.
One of the most dangerous animals in the region can be called brown bear. Its weight can reach 300 kg, and its body length is 2 m. In addition to this predatory animal, lynxes, reaching a length of 110 cm, safely live in the forests of the Kuban. These beauties are found in the Abinsky, Mostovsky, Seversky and Goryacheklyuchevsky districts.
Among the small predators, the weasel is very common. The most valuable animals, famous for their wonderful fur, are raccoons. And the rarest animal found in Kuban is the leopard. This truly graceful animal has almost disappeared from these places. But in wild areas remote from civilization, leopards still live.
And the sika deer is rightfully considered the most useful representative of the fauna.
Nature, plants and animals of the Krasnodar region
Why is it useful? Yes, because medical medicines are obtained from its horns, which save people from many diseases.
Besides these animals, fauna of the Krasnodar region rich in wolves, hares, roe deer, wild boars, and Caucasian moles.
In the Kuban, in the northeastern part, steppe inhabitants are more common: foxes, jerboas, mouse-like rodents, common voles, and ground squirrels. The common mink lives in river valleys. If we talk about birds, then these are larks, gray partridges, quails, harriers. This steppe zone is well developed by humans, which is why the fauna has decreased significantly. But still, some animals adapted to the new conditions. Tourists can find only a few primeval areas of the steppes, where the animal world is in complete abundance.
Many waterfowl live in the floodplains and estuaries of the lowlands: pelicans, gulls, ducks, geese. And from North America The muskrat was brought to the estuaries.
As for the mountainous areas and foothills, roe deer, chamois, mountain goats, badgers, forest cats, as well as two species of martens live here. Forest (yellow) and stone (white) Jackals and raccoon dogs have taken root well.
If we talk about invertebrates, vipers, snakes, grass snakes, and newts can be found near rock slides and roadsides.
Representative reptiles include the marsh and Greek turtles, legless lizards, and small yellowbellies.
All the animal splendor is, of course, complemented by birds. During the day, the singing and chirping of birds can be heard in the forests and valleys. Magpies, orioles, blackbirds and cuckoos take part in this musical concert. Jays sing along with them, wagtails scurry around the streams. But this is not all the inhabitants of the forest; we must not forget about owls, starlings, goldfinches, Caucasian grouse and mountain turkeys.
Finally, we can add that fauna of the Krasnodar region worthy of the attention of tourists, as well as careful treatment.
Presentation. Living world of Kuban
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The living world of Kuban Prepared by students of class 10 "A" Briskman Tatyana and Prokhorov Vladislav |
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Vegetation |
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Kuban has always been famous for the richness of nature. And the beauty of the landscape. |
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About three thousand species of wild plants grow in the Kuban, belonging to 6 divisions and more than 150 families. |
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Bryophytes – more than 250 species. Ferns – more than 40. Angiosperms – more than 2800 species. |
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Gymnosperms Horsetails |
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And also a lot of Algae and Lichens |
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The number of species of mushrooms has not been precisely established, but quite rare specimens are often found among them. Summer truffle Caesar mushroom |
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Our Krasnodar region is famous for its tea plantations. Dagomys is the only place in Russia that is favorable for the growth of tea. |
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And also near Krasnodar, near the village. Belozerny, right next to the highway there are amazing flowers - lotuses. |
Presentation – Fauna of the Krasnodar region
Slides and text of this presentation
Slide 1
Animal world
Reservoirs
Slide 2
According to the Department of Natural Resources and State Environmental Control of the Krasnodar Territory, there are over 580 species of animals in the region. Of them:
Slide 3
The floodplain part of the region (Eastern Azov region) is deservedly considered a bird kingdom. A significant amount of waterfowl nest here - geese and ducks (17 species), waders (20 species).
Krasnodar region for the most characteristic features flora and fauna can be divided into floodplain, steppe and mountain-forest parts
During spring and autumn migration, millions of waterfowl nesting in the north of Eurasia stop in the floodplain zone.
Slide 4
The most numerous of the animals in steppe zone are hare, fox, pheasant, quail.
Slide 5
The mountain-forest zone is the least developed by humans, and here are the main habitats of such animals as wild boar, deer, roe deer, chamois, aurochs, and bison.
Among the predators that live here are bear, wolf, jackal, forest cat, fox, badger, marten and others.
Slide 6
353 species of animals are included in the Red Book of the Krasnodar Territory
Some of them:
Slide 7
If you like this presentation – show it…
Animals of the Krasnodar Territory Prepared by Nazarenko N.A. teacher of municipal educational institution secondary school No. 2 village Staroshcherbinovskaya
In the Black Sea region you can find dark-colored blacktails and browntails. They live in trees, covering a distance between them of 4 m horizontally and up to 10 m from top to bottom. Flexible body 20-25 cm long, long strong limbs, fluffy a long tail, ears are large, erect with tassels at the tips. They feed on tree seeds, fruits, berries, nuts, mushrooms and many others. Squirrel (veksha)
Brown hareClass: MammalsOrder: Lagomorpha Family: LagoraceaeDistribution: In the Black Sea region it is more common in the lower mountains, but they were also seen at an altitude of 2600 m above sea level (Chugush), and in the North Ossetian Nature Reserve they were noted to live up to an altitude of 3000 m n.a.s. Description: Yellow-fawn color with large ripples, does not turn white in winter, body length about 60 cm, weight up to 5 kg. Nocturnal animal. The whole body is adapted for running, the front pair of legs serves as a support for the hind legs. In summer it feeds on various herbs, and in winter on bark deciduous trees, seedlings of winter crops.
MartenClass: Mammals Order: CarnivoresFamily: MustelidaeDistribution: Two species of martens are found in the Krasnodar region in the foothill and mountain zones. large form. The length of the body is up to 58 cm. The “yellow bird” has brown-brown fur with a fawn tint. The color of the spot on the throat is from light to dark red. The white-tailed one has a pure white throat patch in the shape of a horseshoe. It is slightly smaller in size than the forest one.
Otter (ash tree)Class: MammalsOrder: CarnivoresFamily: MustelidaeDistribution: Lives in the Krasnodar region along the left bank tributaries of the river. Kuban, in some rivers of the Black Sea region (Psou, Mzymta, Khosta, Sochi, Dagomy, etc.) The mountains rise to 2000 m above sea level. Description: Long flexible body, muscular long tail, short limbs with swimming membranes between the toes, dense fur, undeveloped ears, nostrils and external auditory canals that close when immersed in water. Adapted to a semi-aquatic lifestyle.
Order: Artiodactyla Family: Porcine Distribution: The Caucasian subspecies lives in the western Black Sea region from the seashore to alpine meadows. In winter they descend into coastal forests. Sedentary groups live in the Khosta yew-boxwood grove and on the slopes of the city of Akhun. Description: A large animal, distinguished by a highly elongated cone-shaped muzzle, ending in a bare movable circle - a “patch”. The body is covered with stiff bristles. The canines of the upper jaw are directed with their ends to the side or upward. The lower jaw of males is equipped with large fangs 10-12 cm protruding above the lips. In females, the fangs are much less developed and are covered by the lips. In the Western Caucasus, the weight of males reaches 250 kg, females - 150 kg
Dormouse Class: Mammals Order: Rodents Distribution: Lives in mixed and deciduous forests of the Krasnodar Territory. In the Black Sea region it is distributed from the seashore to an altitude of 200 m above sea level. Description: Externally, it is somewhat similar to a squirrel. Body length is 16-20 cm. Lives in hollows, rock crevices and nests. Leads night look life. The main food is beech fruits, various nuts, seeds, pears, apples, sometimes chicks and small insects.
Animals of Kuban
Caucasian chamoisClass: MammalsOrder: ArtiodactylsFamily: BovidsDistribution: From heights of 260 m above sea level. sea near the river Shah and 180 m above sea level. sea near the river Mzymta (Akhtsu tract), to the highlands - 3200 m above sea level. seas on the year Chugush, Agepsta.Description: The most typical groups are 6-15 individuals. Average weight adult males - 34 kg (highest - 42 kg), females - 28 kg. They use 210 species of herbaceous, tree and shrub vegetation, mosses, lichens, and mushrooms for food (Duben, 1976, 1977,1985). Chamois hunting is prohibited, but every year several dozen of these animals are destroyed by poachers. Natural enemies of chamois are lynx, wolf, large feathered predators (golden eagle, bearded vulture
Caucasian bison (bison) Class: Mammals Order: Artiodactyla Family: Bovids Distribution: In the forest, subalpine and alpine zones of the Caucasian reserve at an altitude of 900-2100 m above sea level Description: The Caucasian mountain bison is a form of wild animal, genetically 95% is a bison and only 5 % - bison. The most large mammal animal of Russia. The weight of the bison is up to 1200 kg, the height from the front hooves to the withers is 2 m, from the head to the tail - 3.5 m. By 1982 - 85. there were more than 1200 individuals, now there are just over 300 heads. The Caucasian Nature Reserve is home to purebred mountain bison.
Bottlenose DolphinClass: MammalsOrder: CetaceansFamily: DolphinsDistribution: Black SeaDescription: They lead an aquatic lifestyle, feed mainly on fish, usually live in small groups from several heads to 50-60 individuals, give birth to cubs under water, live up to 20-30 years. The bottlenose dolphin, as a rare subspecies, endemic to the Black Sea, is listed in the International Red Book. The number of bottlenose dolphins in the Black Sea is about 36 thousand (Mikhalev, Savusin, Zelenaya, 1978) and there is a tendency towards their decrease
LynxClass: MammalsOrder: CarnivoresFamily: FelidaeDistribution: distributed in all foothill and mountain regions from the waist up deciduous forests to the alpine highlands. Description: Lynx is the most close-up view kind of cats. The Black Sea region of Russia is inhabited by the Caucasian subspecies of the beast. The body length of the Caucasian lynx is 66 - 104 cm, tail - 21 cm, weight - 12.2-24.15 kg. Leads a secretive lifestyle, a typical carnivore. The basis of nutrition consists of ungulates - chamois, aurochs, wild boar (usually piglets and gilts), roe deer, deer (usually young animals), rodents, birds, hares
The prairie dog is the ground squirrel's closest relative and is very similar to it.
My young friends! You and I have borrowed from future generations all the riches of nature. We must protect and preserve all natural values, because all of this should be used by the future inhabitants of the Earth.