India southeast asia. Countries of southeast asia

Southeast Asia is the most geographically fragmented region. It is located in the continental and island territories between India and Australia. Includes the Malay Archipelago and the Indochina Peninsula.

Southeast Asian countries:

• Brunei
• Burma (Myanmar)
• Cambodia
• East Timor
• Indonesia
• Malaysia
• Papua New Guinea
• Philippines
• Singapore
• Thailand
• Vietnam

The most popular states of Southeast Asia for tourists are Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, Vietnam and Laos…. But the popularity of these tourist destinations does not deter lovers of Asian exoticism from visiting a country like Papua New Guinea!

Climate of Southeast Asia:

The climate in Southeast Asia can be described in one word: tropical. The temperature is 30 ° C all year round, tropical storms are very rare here. As a rule, the seasonal characteristics of the region can be divided into two parts: the equatorial regions have a "wet" climate in winter and a "dry" summer, while the rest of Southeast Asia (including Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam), as usually have three seasons: Hot (March-June), Wet (July-October) and Dry (November to February). All seasons have their advantages, as well as disadvantages, but the “dry” season in Southeast Asia is the most predictable and in general it is the most popular among tourists and vacationers.

Southeast Asia Economy:

Southeast Asia occupies a significant place in the world trading system. The economies of the states of this region depend on Agriculture, however, manufacturing and the service sector are in constant development and are slowly replacing the agricultural market. Indonesia is the country with the largest economy in Southeast Asia, but Brunei and Singapore are the most economically the developed countries... Tourism in Southeast Asia is the main factor in the development of the states of this region.

Population of Southeast Asia:

The population of Southeast Asia is about 600 million people, and most of them (1/5 of the entire region) inhabit the island of Java (Indonesia), which is considered the most populous island in the world. On average, 30 million people in Southeast Asia are overseas Chinese living in Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore.

Peoples of Southeast Asia:

The peoples inhabiting the territory of Southeast Asia are diverse, but mainly these are:

• malays
• Thais
• Vietnamese
• semangs
• Burmese
• filipinos
• indonesians
• Javanese

Culture of Southeast Asia

The culture of Southeast Asia is a mixture of Chinese and Indian. Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore are influenced by Arab, Portuguese and Spanish cultures. First of all, they have an impact on the food culture. In all countries, it is customary to eat with sticks, and the culture of tea is widespread, which can be easily found throughout the states of Southeast Asia.

Religion of Southeast Asia:

The main religion of Southeast Asia is Islam. Buddhism is also widespread in Cambodia, Thailand, Burma, Laos, Singapore, Vietnam. In addition to him, Confucianism is practiced in Vietnam and Singapore, in some areas you can meet Catholics and Protestants.

Some sights of Southeast Asia:

Taman Negara. it National park in Malaysia (Malacca Peninsula). He is the oldest rainforest in the world.
Angkor Wat. An ancient temple located in Cambodia. It is one of the most stunning landmarks in Southeast Asia.
Koh Phangan (Ko Pha Ngan). Island in the Gulf of Thailand in Thailand. One of the most spectacular paradise spots.
Southeast Asia is a completely unique and special part of the world, and is guaranteed to leave pleasant memories for a long time.
See also:

Southeast Asia is a sub-region of Asia with an area of ​​5 million km2. This region is home to about 600 million people. The map of Southeast Asia is different, but mainly 11 countries located between China, India and Australia are ranked there.

Geologically, the countries of Southeast Asia are located in one of the most volcanic regions of the planet. But this is compensated by the tropical climate, diverse nature, which captivates with its diversity and quantity. exotic plants and animals.

Southeast Asia is an important part of the global trading system. The economies of the countries of the region are highly dependent on agriculture, while production and services are constantly developing, crowding out the agricultural market. Indonesia - largest economy Southeast Asia, while Singapore and Brunei are the countries with the most developed richest economies. Moreover, tourism is key factor development of the countries of the region.

The population of Southeast Asia is about 600 million people, and more than 1/5 of them live on the island of Java (Indonesia), the most populous island in the world. Indonesia is considered the most populous state, with a population of 230 million. About 30 million people in the region are overseas Chinese living in Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand.

The peoples of Southeast Asia are diverse. Mostly you can find Malays, Lao, Thais, Vietnamese, Semangi, Burmese, Filipinos, Indonesians, Javanese, as well as many other less numerous peoples.

The main religion of Southeast Asia is Islam, with about 240 million followers. Buddhism is practiced in Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Burma, Singapore and Vietnam. Confucianism is also found in Singapore and Vietnam. And in some territories you can find Protestants and Catholics.

The culture of Southeast Asia is mainly a mixture of Indian and Chinese. And in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore, Arab, Spanish and Portuguese cultures are also influenced. All these regions had, first of all, an impact on the culture of food. In all countries, it is customary to eat with chopsticks, the cult of tea is widespread, which can be found in every corner of the region.

The peculiarities of the culture of a particular country in the region can be traced by the example of painting or music, which is insignificantly, but still differs in each ethnic group.

We present to your attention a video tutorial on the topic "Southeast Asia". The video tutorial allows you to get an interesting and detailed information about the countries of Southeast Asia. From the lesson you will learn about the composition of Southeast Asia, the characteristics of the countries of the region, their geographical position, and population. In the lesson, much attention is paid to the newly industrialized countries of Asia.

Topic: Overseas Asia

Lesson: Southeast Asia

Rice. 1. Southeast Asia on the map ()

Southeast Asia- cultural and geographical region, covering the continental and island territories between China, India and Australia.

Composition:

1. Vietnam.

2. Cambodia.

4. Myanmar.

5. Thailand.

6. Brunei.

7. East Timor.

8. Philippines.

9. Malaysia.

Geologically, the countries of Southeast Asia are located in one of the most volcanic regions of the planet. But this is compensated by the tropical climate, diverse nature, which captivates with its diversity and the number of exotic plants and animals.

The subsoil of the territory is poorly explored, but the explored reserves indicate rich deposits of mineral resources. Hard coal in the region there is very little, only in the north of Vietnam there are insignificant reserves of it. Oil and gas are produced in the offshore zones of Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei. The largest metal "Tin Belt" in Asia stretches across the region. The Mesozoic deposits led to the richest reserves of non-ferrous metals: tin (in Indonesia - 1.5 million tons, in Malaysia and Thailand - 1.1 million tons each), tungsten (reserves in Thailand - 23 thousand tons, Malaysia - 20 thousand tons). The region is rich in copper, zinc, lead, molybdenum, nickel, antimony, gold, cobalt, the Philippines is rich in copper and gold. Nonmetallic minerals are represented by potash salt (Thailand, Laos), apatite (Vietnam), precious stones(sapphire, topaz, ruby) in Thailand.

Agroclimatic and soil resources: warm and humid climate is the main prerequisite for a relatively high efficiency of agriculture, 2 - 3 crops are harvested here throughout the year.

Water resources are actively used for irrigation of lands in all countries. Deficiency of moisture in the dry season requires considerable expenses for the construction of irrigation facilities. The mountain waterways of the Indochina Peninsula (Ayeyarwaddy, Menam, Mekong) and the numerous mountain rivers of the islands are capable of providing electricity needs.

Exceptionally rich forest resources... The region is located in the Southern forest belt, forests cover 42% of its territory.

Fish resources coastal zone seas and inland waters are of considerable importance in every country: fish and other marine products are widely used in the nutrition of the population. On some islands of the Malay Archipelago, pearls and nacreous shells are mined.

Rice. 4. Selling pearls in Manila ()

Currently, the countries of Southeast Asia are rapidly developing, occupying high positions in modern world... New industrial countries are developing especially rapidly, where great attention is paid to the education of the population, economic development, competition, and new industries. In terms of HDI, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia occupy high places in the world. An important feature of the newly industrialized countries is the openness of their economies, the development of high-precision industries, the service sector, tourism, the export of goods and services, the attraction of foreign capital, and large investments in their own economy.

Rice. 5. Capital of Malaysia Kuala Lumpur ()

Homework

1. What are the features geographic location South-East Asia?

2. Tell us about the peculiarities of the economy of the countries of Southeast Asia.

Bibliography

The main

1. Geography. A basic level of... 10-11 grades: Textbook for educational institutions/ A.P. Kuznetsov, E.V. Kim. - 3rd ed., Stereotype. - M .: Bustard, 2012 .-- 367 p.

2. Economic and social geography of the world: Textbook. for 10 cl. educational institutions / V.P. Maksakovsky. - 13th ed. - M .: Education, JSC "Moscow textbooks", 2005. - 400 p.

3. Atlas with set outline maps for grade 10. Economic and social geography of the world. - Omsk: FSUE "Omsk Cartographic Factory", 2012. - 76 p.

Additional

1. Economic and social geography of Russia: Textbook for universities / Ed. prof. A.T. Khrushchev. - M .: Bustard, 2001 .-- 672 p .: ill., Maps .: color. incl.

2. Berzin E.O. Southeast Asia in the 13-16 centuries. - M., 1982.

3. Shpazhnikov S.A. Religion of the countries of South-East Asia. - M., 1980.

Encyclopedias, dictionaries, reference books and statistical compilations

1. Geography: a reference book for high school students and those entering universities. - 2nd ed., Rev. and finished. - M .: AST-PRESS SHKOLA, 2008 .-- 656 p.

Literature for preparing for the State Examination and the Unified State Exam

1. Thematic control in geography. Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10 / E.M. Ambartsumov. - M .: Intellect-Center, 2009 .-- 80 p.

2. The most complete edition of typical options for real assignments of the Unified State Exam: 2010. Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyov. - M .: Astrel, 2010 .-- 221 p.

3. The optimal bank of tasks for preparing students. Single State exam 2012. Geography: Tutorial/ Comp. EM. Ambartsumova, S.E. Dyukov. - M .: Intellect-Center, 2012 .-- 256 p.

4. The most complete edition of typical versions of real USE assignments: 2010. Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyov. - M .: AST: Astrel, 2010 .-- 223 p.

5. Geography. Diagnostic work in the format of the Unified State Examination 2011. - M .: MCNMO, 2011. - 72 p.

6. USE 2010. Geography. Collection of tasks / Yu.A. Solovyov. - M .: Eksmo, 2009 .-- 272 p.

7. Tests in geography: grade 10: to the textbook of V.P. Maksakovsky “Economic and social geography of the world. Grade 10 "/ E.V. Baranchikov. - 2nd ed., Stereotype. - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2009. - 94 p.

8. The most complete edition of typical options for real assignments of the Unified State Exam: 2009. Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyov. - M .: AST: Astrel, 2009 .-- 250 p.

9. Unified State Exam 2009. Geography. Universal materials for training students / FIPI - M .: Intellect-Center, 2009. - 240 p.

10. Geography. Answers on questions. Oral exam, theory and practice / V.P. Bondarev. - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2003. - 160 p.

11. USE 2010. Geography: thematic training tasks/ O.V. Chicherina, Yu.A. Solovyov. - M .: Eksmo, 2009 .-- 144 p.

Materials on the Internet

1. Federal Institute for Pedagogical Measurements ().

2. Federal portal Russian Education ().

Comrades, since such a booze has gone, let's talk?

So, in 4.5 months we have traveled 8 countries of Southeast Asia (except for the Philippines, Brunei and East Timor) and for this reason I drew just such a diagram at my leisure with comparative characteristics these countries.

Opinions like "what, Indonesia - wonderful country, I rested in Bali for a week "in my opinion, it is not quite suitable here. Impressions from independent travelers who rode local transport, lived with aborigines, etc., etc., are welcome.

A little more detail about each country under the cut. Naturally, based on my own experience and IMHAh :)
.
Myanmar. Dreamland. All the shortcomings in the form of poverty, government troubles and problems with the entire social system (lack of the Internet, a ban on exchanging money ...) are compensated by an angelic population and sights amazing in their beauty and unusualness.

Malaysia. Asian Europe. Great service, nice people and interesting cities... The only drawback can be considered high cost, which, in principle, can be avoided by living in cheap guest houses and eating in Chinese eateries.

Laos. Officially called Lao PDR. Tourists stand for "Lao please don" t rush. Calm mountainous country with nice people and amusing interesting things. The prices are low. There is no particular enthusiasm.

Thailand. NO. Temples in Myanmar are more interesting, cents in Laos are lower. Nice, cute, ideal for relaxation, which is what we are doing in it now.

Cambodia. Interesting is the historical center of the capital Phnom Penh and the world famous Ankor Wat, an ancient temple complex. The entire economy of the country seems to be based on Ankor. Besides that, there is nothing to watch and do. as a single minus - the most annoying taxi drivers in all of Southeast Asia.

Singapore. Very expensive. VERY. Plus it's a city-state, so you don't really get to ride except around the city by metro. Licked, fashionable, sterile. Two days is quite enough, for it is interesting as a phenomenon.

Vietnam. It would be interesting if not for the people. People in Vietnam are not good, especially in the North. Impudent, tactless, disrespectful, trying to cheat from scratch, checking all payments down to the last penny - don't let me give them something. And the impression of the country depends on the impression of local residents... But over time, it turned out that it also had its advantages: a good transport system throughout the country, cheap decent guest houses, the cheapest food in Southeast Asia. The Internet is everywhere.

Indonesia. I thought that people in Vietnam are not good. Well, I was wrong, of course. In Indonesia, people are not just goats, they are dumb goats. As soon as I remember, my hair stands on end. Everything in Indonesia is bad and disgusting: local transportation, food, organization. People sometimes go so far as to throw stones and hit on the back with sticks. They try to obfuscate everywhere and always. Only nature is amazing and incredible. So I do not regret that I drove through the country, but to repeat - not in this life.

Asia, probably, can be considered the brightest, most diverse and contrasting part of the world, in which more than half of humanity lives. It contains dozens of countries and peoples with a huge variety of political structures and economic systems, different living standards and dissimilar cultural characteristics. Many of them occupy leading positions among the most powerful economies in the world, while adjoining openly impoverished states.

Among these countries, there are also many leaders of various ratings in terms of area occupied by territories, population size, its general density and growth rate. There are many countries with the fastest growing economies here.

It is also surprising that among these countries there are many officially unrecognized states - Waziristan, the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, the Shan state, or partially recognized ones - Abkhazia, Azad Kashmir, Republic of China(island of Taiwan).

Some powers of this part of the world are partially located on the European part of the continent, including Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Indonesia, Yemen, Egypt, Azerbaijan, Georgia, or are part of other states, for example, the countries of the Asian part of Russia. It is also surprising that Cyprus, which is completely located in Asia, is at the same time a member of European Union(EU) and Turkey is a member of the North Atlantic Alliance (NATO). These are the countries that make up Asia, amazing and incredible.

In general, Asia knows how to surprise and amaze the imagination with its scale and incredible features.

Historically, Asia is divided into five main parts: Northern (countries that are part of Russia), Central, Eastern, Western (Front) and South Asia... In the Russian geographical literature, you can find such a term as "the countries of the foreign part of Asia", it means the whole of Asia, except for its northern part, that is, those countries that are part of Russia.

In the future, Asian countries will be indicated with a list of their capitals, grouped according to different criteria.

Asian countries with their capitals

Western part:

central part:

• Tajikistan (Dushanbe),
• Kazakhstan (Ankara),
• Afghanistan (Kabul),
• Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek),
• Turkmenistan (Ashgabat),
• Uzbekistan (Tashkent),

South Asia (countries):

• Nepal (Kathmandu),
• Sri Lanka (Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte - official, Colombo - fact.),
• Bhutan (Thimphu),
• Pakistan (Islamabad),
• India (New Delhi),
• Bangladesh (Dhaka),
• Maldives (Male),

Eastern:

• Japan Tokyo),
• Democratic People's Republic of Korea - DPRK or North Korea(Pyongyang),
• Mongolia (Ulaanbaatar),
• Republic of Korea or South Korea(Seoul),
• China - PRC (Beijing).

Southeast Asian countries (list):

Northern part:

• Russia and all the Asian republics that are part of it (Moscow).

States unrecognized by the world community and not fully recognized

Unrecognized states of the region:

• Waziristan (Wana),
• Shang State (Taungji),
• Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (Stepanakert),

Partially recognized states of the region:

• State of Palestine (Ramallah),
• Abkhazia (Sukhum),
• Republic South Ossetia(Tskhinval),
• Azad Kashmir (Muzaffarabad),
• Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (Lefkosa),
• Taiwan Island - Republic of China (Taipei).

Controlled territories:

• British Territory in Indian Ocean(Diego Garcia),
• Akrotiri and Dekeria (Episkopi),
• Christmas Island (Flying Fish Cove),
• Macau - Macau (Macau - Macau),
• Cocos Islands (West Island),
• Hong Kong - Xianggang (Hong Kong - Xianggang).

Conclusion

Now the reader has an idea of ​​what diverse and dissimilar states are in Asia, where their capitals are located and how many of them actually are.

And if suddenly you decide to visit one of these states, then approach the choice of a place for further stay with special care, because Asia is not only beautiful and amazing, but also dangerous! Many customs and traditions of the peoples living there may contradict the ideas of the norm and morality of a European inhabitant, and vice versa, an act that seems harmless for you and me, in the East can be regarded as immoral and even illegal. Therefore, be alert and attentive.