Rivers flowing through the territory of our country. The longest rivers in Russia. The name of the river comes from the Even family name Indigir - “people of the Indi clan”. Russian explorers of the 17th century. they pronounced this name as Indigirka - the same as the name of other
, a big gap in knowledge for the majority of citizens of our vast Motherland.
Our project was created for those who want to know as much as possible about their country, and today for the most inquisitive, another educational article. Today we will talk about the country’s waterways - the most big rivers
ah Russia. Russia is one of the most water-rich countries in the world. The country has almost the largest reserves fresh water . Surface waters occupy 12.4% of the territory of Russia, while 84% surface waters
concentrated east of the Urals.
By the way, did you know that there are about 2.5 million rivers in Russia?
Most of these rivers are relatively small and their length is usually no more than 100 kilometers. But as for large rivers, they are truly huge and reach shocking sizes. So, let's figure it out together:
1 THE BIGGEST RIVERS OF RUSSIA
The Ob River is the largest river in Russia. Ob - river in Western Siberia
, the longest river in Russia (5410 km) and the second longest in Asia. The river is formed in Altai by the confluence of the Biya and Katun rivers, the length of the Ob from the confluence is 3650 km (from the source of the Irtysh 5410 km). In the north, the river flows into the Kara Sea, forming a bay (about 800 km long), which is called the Gulf of Ob.
2 The area of the Ob basin is 2990 thousand km. According to this indicator, the river ranks first in Russia. The Ob is also the third most water-bearing river in Russia (after the Yenisei and Lena).
The Yenisei River is the most abundant river in Russia.
3 hydroelectric power stations were built on the Yenisei - Sayano-Shushenskaya, Krasnoyarsk and Mainskaya.
Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station The West Siberian plains end on the left bank of the Yenisei, and the mountain taiga begins on the right. Therefore, in its upper reaches you can meet camels, and going downstream - polar bears.
There are still legends about the origin of the word Yenisei: either it is the Tungus word “enesi” - big water, converted into Russian, or the Kyrgyz “enee-Sai” - mother river.
The Yenisei and other Siberian rivers bring as much heat to the Arctic Ocean as would be produced by burning 3 billion tons of fuel. If it were not for the rivers, the climate of the North would be more severe.
3 The Lena River is the great Siberian river. It is one of the longest rivers on the planet.
Its waterway begins near Lake Baikal, makes a huge bend towards Yakutsk, and then rushes north and flows into the Laptev Sea, forming a vast delta. The length of the mighty river is 4400 km. This is 11th place in the world.
Its area is 2,490,000 square kilometers, which rightfully makes it the third largest river in Russia. It is believed that the Russians first learned about this river in the 17th century, when they sent a detachment of Cossacks to search for it.
4 The Amur River is the main symbol of the Far East in Transbaikalia.
Crossing mountain ranges and plains, the river flows into the Sea of Okhotsk. The Amur is a river flowing through the territory of three states (Russia, Mongolia and China). The area of the basin is 1,855,000 square kilometers, and the length of the river is 2,824 kilometers. There are many points of view about the origin of the name Amur, one of which is the common basis of the Tungus-Manchu languages “Amar” and “Damur” (big river).
Bridge over the Amur River in Khabarovsk "Black Dragon River"- this is what Cupid is called in China. According to legend, in ancient times, a black dragon, who lived in the river and personified goodness, defeated the evil, white dragon, who sank boats on the river, prevented people from fishing and generally attacked anyone. Living being. The winner remained to live at the bottom of the river.
Along the entire border of the Amur Basin, one can observe a change of four physical - geographical zones: forest, forest-steppe, steppe and semi-desert. About thirty live here different nations and ethnic groups.
5 The Volga River is the main river of Russia.
Volga is one of the largest rivers globe and the largest in Europe.
The Volga basin occupies about 1/3 of the European part of Russia and flows through the territory of 11 regions and 4 republics. By the way, the length of the river is 3530 km. This is roughly the same as from Moscow to Berlin and back. The basin area is about 1,361,000 square kilometers, making it the largest river in Europe.
The river, first of all, has an important economic importance as a transport route. The Volga is used as a source of hydropower. Currently, about 45% of industrial and approximately 50% of agricultural production in Russia is concentrated in the Volga basin. The Volga accounts for more than 20% of all fish caught in the country's rivers. 9 reservoirs with hydroelectric power stations were built on the river.
The Volga is dedicated not only to a song known to all Russians, without exception, and a film with the title title. The action of A. Ostrovsky's plays usually takes place in cities on the Volga.
6 The Kolyma River is the largest river in the Magadan region.
This is a river in Yakutia, the length of which is 2,129 kilometers. The Kolyma is formed by the confluence of two rivers (Ayan-Yuryakh and Kulu) and flows into the Kolyma Bay. The basin area is approximately 645,000 square kilometers. The discovery of Kolyma by the Russians was also accomplished by the valiant Cossacks.
7 The Don River is the most important witness of Russian history.
According to scientists, the river appeared on Earth about 23 million years ago. The Don River is one of the largest rivers in the south of the Russian Plain.
The Don is a river in Russia, originating in the Central Russian Upland (Tula region). Its area is 422,000 square kilometers and its length is about 1870 km.
The Don is one of the oldest rivers in Russia.
Ancient Greek authors give the name of the river - Tanais. Then the lower reaches of the Don were the habitat of the legendary Amazons. These female warriors also found their way into Russian epics, which often tell about the battles of Russian heroes with the daring “pole riders”.
Name given Iranian peoples, who once lived on the territory of the Northern Black Sea region, in whose language don means “river”.
“Father Don” has two younger namesakes in England - the Don River in the Scottish county of Aberdeen and the river of the same name in the English county of York.
8 Khatanga River
A river located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Its length is 1636 kilometers. Khatanga is formed at the confluence of two rivers (Kheta and Kotuy) and flows into the Khatanga Bay of the Laptev Sea. The basin area is about 364,000 square kilometers.
The very first information about the Khatanga River was received by the Russians from the Tungus around 1605.
9 Indigirka River
The Indigirka River flows through the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Belongs to the basin of the Eastern Siberian Sea. Flows from south to north. Indigirka begins at the junction of the Taryn-Yuryakh and Tuora-Yuryakh rivers, which flow from the Khalkan mountain range.
The area of the Indigirka is 360,000 square kilometers, the length of the river is 1,726 km.
The name of the river comes from the Even family name Indigir - "Indie people". Russian explorers of the 17th century. they pronounced this name as Indigirka - just like the names of other large Siberian rivers: Kureika, Tunguska, Kamchatka.
On Indigirka there is the northern pole of cold - the village of Oymyakon and the monument city of Zashiversk, which died out from smallpox in the 19th century.
10 Northern Dvina River
Northern Dvina - river of the basin White Sea . It flows in the Vologda and Arkhangelsk regions of Russia. The Northern Dvina River is formed by the confluence of two rivers – Sukhona and Yug. It flows in the direction from south to north and flows into the Dvina Bay of the White Sea, forming a wide delta. The basin area is 357,000 square kilometers. It was on this river that the history of Russian shipbuilding began. The length of the rivers of the S. Dvina basin is 7693 km.
A large number of settlements on the river itself indicates the presence of navigation on the river. From Veliky Ustyug to Severodvinsk - the Northern Dvina waterway.
Now you know what they are, the largest rivers in Russia.
On the territory of our country there are great amount rivers (2.5 million). Most of them are small, their length usually does not exceed 100 kilometers. Then the question arises: what are the largest rivers in Russia? We will try to answer it in this article.
To begin with, we will present you with a list of these rivers:
- Yenisei.
- Lena.
- Amur.
- Volga.
- Kolyma.
- Khatanga.
- Indigirka.
- Northern Dvina.
Now let's tell you more about them.
River Ob
The largest river in Russia, which is located in Western Siberia. It is formed by the merging rivers Biya and Katun. From the source of the Irtysh its length is 5410 kilometers. In the North it flows into the Ob Bay. The river's water basin occupies a huge area - 2,990 thousand square meters. km. According to this indicator, it rightfully occupies a leading position on our list. In terms of water content, the Ob is in third place, second only to the Lena and Yenisei.
The Ob feeds mainly melt water. During the spring and summer floods, the largest river in Russia receives most of its annual flow. The flood begins in April upper reaches, in the second half of April it begins in the middle reaches, and in early May this process occurs in the lower reaches. The water level rises even during freeze-up. When the river opens up, short-term minor rises in levels occur as a result of the resulting congestion.
The flood in the upper reaches ends in July. In September - October, a rain flood begins, which continues until freeze-up in the lower and middle reaches. Ice cover remains on the Ob for an average of 220 days a year.
The main tributary of the Ob is the Irtysh. The length of this river from its source, which is located on the border of China and Mongolia, to its confluence with the Ob is 4,248 km.
Fishing has long developed on this river. Also in late XIX centuries, in the river waters there were a lot of ruff, perch, sculpin, pike, shokur, muksun, nelma and other species of fish. Today there are fewer fish in the waters of the Ob, but nevertheless there are about 50 species.
Yenisei
Today we present to you the largest rivers in Russia. The list continues with the mighty Yenisei. This river is considered the natural border between the West and East of Siberia.
Its length is 4287 km. The Yenisei flows through the lands of two neighboring states - Mongolia and Russia. The total area of the river is 2,580 thousand square kilometers. This indicator allows this huge river to take second place in Russia.
On the left bank of this Siberian river there are plains, and on the right there is endless mountain taiga. In this regard, there is a sharp asymmetry of the banks of the Yenisei. The right bank is more than 5 times higher in height than the left bank. On its way from source to mouth, the river crosses all climatic zones of Siberia. That is why camels are found in the upper reaches of the Yenisei, and polar bears are found in the lower reaches, closer to the ocean.
Lena river
It cannot be said that this is the largest river in Russia, although its size is impressive. The length of the river is 4480, and its total area- 2490 thousand sq. km. The Lena River is rightfully in third place among large rivers our country.
The river is mainly fed by water from melting glaciers and snow - approximately 50% of the total. Precipitation gives the river about 38% of its water and about 13% is underground recharge, more typical of the upper reaches.
In mid-October, the Lena freezes in its upper reaches. It opens in mid-April. Ice cover remains on the river for about 270 days a year.
Amur
The topic of our article was the largest rivers in Russia. The names of many are known not only to Russians, but also to our neighbors from other countries. For example, Cupid. This is one of the longest rivers in our country and the largest in the Far East. It flows on the border of Russia and China and carries its waters through the territory of Mongolia. The Amur flows into the Sea of Okhotsk.
The basin area of this river is 1,855 thousand square kilometers, and its length is 2,824 km.
Volga
Glorified by poets and composers, which inspired artists to create immortal paintings, this is, of course, the Volga River. And although this is not the largest river in Russia, it is a symbol of our country.
The source of the Volga is located on the Valdai Plateau of the Tver Region. The Volga is considered one of the largest rivers on our planet. The length of the river is 3530 km. Total area - 1361 thousand square meters. km. The river flows through the lands of Russia and Kazakhstan.
Kolyma River
This river is located in Yakutia. Its length is 2,129 km. Water pool - 645 thousand square meters. km. Kolyma was formed as a result of the confluence of two small rivers, Kulu and Ayan-Yuryakh. The Kolyma flows into the bay of the same name.
Don
This river is considered the oldest in Russia. The Don originates in the Tula region on the Central Russian Upland. Its length is 1870 km, water pool- 422 thousand sq. km.
The current is very slow, for which the Cossacks call this leisurely and majestic river " quiet Don". This is explained by the flat profile in which the channel passes. The slope to it is very insignificant, on average this value does not exceed 0.1 degrees. In some areas, the width of the valley reaches 13 km. The right bank is steep and high, and the left bank is low.
Khatanga River
This river is located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Its length is 1636 km. Water pool with an area of 364 thousand square meters. km. It is formed by two rivers Kotui and Kheta.
This river flows through a wide valley in the North Siberian Lowland. There are more than 112 thousand lakes in the Khatanga basin. Their total area is 11.6 thousand sq. km.
Indigirka
In Yakutia, on the slopes of the Khalkan Range, there is the source of the Indigirka River. Its length is 1,726 km, its water basin covers an area of 360 thousand square meters. km. Its source is made up of two medium-sized rivers - Omyokon and Kuidusun.
Indigirka is the coldest river in Russia. IN winter time in the lower reaches it freezes through. In summer, it becomes covered with ice and turns into a sparkling icy stream flowing picturesquely among the mountains. Since the end of September, the river has been frozen in ice, which does not go away until June.
Northern Dvina
Our list of the 10 largest rivers in Russia has come to an end. It is completed by the Northern Dvina, which flows through two large regions - Arkhangelsk and Vologda.
Its length is 744 km, area - 360 thousand square meters. km. At its source they connect small rivers Sukhona and South. This northern river is famous for the fact that the history of Russian shipbuilding began on it.
Rivers entangle all of Russia like a web. If you count them all down to the smallest one, you get over 2.5 million! But the vast majority of them don’t even have names, so it’s better to pay attention to the largest rivers in the country, not forgetting what you can catch in them, because there are a lot of fishermen in Russia.
1. Lena (4400 km)
The longest river in Russia, and at the same time in Siberia, is the Lena. It is also solid by world standards, since it closes the top ten longest water arteries peace. Lena takes its beginning from a small lake near Baikal, winds a lot through the mountainous Baikal region until it turns north and rushes to the Laptev Sea, where it forms an extended delta. Together with the latter, it has a length of 4,400 km with a basin area of 2.5 million square meters. km, the water flow in the lower reaches is 16,350 cubic meters. m/s. This is the longest Russian river, flowing entirely through the territory of the country, and the largest in the world, completely passing through the territory permafrost. The Lena still remains one of the cleanest rivers in the world. Man has not yet been able to change its course; he has not built a single dam, hydroelectric power station or other energy structures. In areas remote from human activity, you can still drink water directly from the river.
2. Irtysh (4248 km)
Like most of the large rivers of Siberia, the mighty Irtysh from the depths of the Asian continent heads north until it flows into the Ob, being its main tributary. Their joint water system stretches for 5,410 km, which makes it the seventh longest on Earth. But this is not even the main attraction of the Irtysh, but the fact that it has become the longest tributary in the world, since its own length is 4248 kilometers. In this category, it is significantly inferior to second-place Missouri, which has a length of “only” 3,767 kilometers.
Translated from Turkic language Irtysh means “digger,” and this reflects the nature of the river, which very often changes its course, undermining the banks. The Irtysh is fed by meltwater and tributaries. But now floods rarely occur here, since several hydroelectric power stations have been built here, the dams of which regulate the release of water.
The territory of Russia is huge, so it is not surprising that dozens of waterfalls are scattered across it, in its most diverse corners. Some of them are so...
3. Ob (3650 km)
In the northeast of Asia, in the Altai Territory, near the administrative border with the Altai Republic, two mountain rivers Biya and Katun, as a result of which the powerful full-flowing Ob River is formed, the name of which has still not been revealed. The Ob crosses Western Siberia from south to north and after 3,650 kilometers flows into the Kara Sea, more precisely, into a long (800 km) gulf called the Gulf of Ob. The Ob has the largest basin in Russia, occupying almost 3 million square kilometers, and in terms of fullness it is second only to the Yenisei and Lena, bringing 12,300 cubic meters of water to the mouth every second.
4. Volga (3531 km)
The great Russian river Volga has over 150 tributaries; few other rivers on the planet have as many. Taking into account average speed With a current of 4 km/h, it is calculated that the water in it reaches the mouth in 37 days. This river even has its own holiday - Volga Day is celebrated on May 20. The entire Volga basin is located on the territory of Russia, it crosses the territories of four republics and 11 regions of the country, and only one small branch of it, Kigach, turns into the territory of Kazakhstan.
And the source of the Volga is located on the Valdai Hills, in the Tver region near the village of Volgoverkhovye. Although not the largest in Russia, the Volga is nevertheless the largest river in Europe. Her pool spans a third European territory Russia, occupying 1,855 million sq. km, and water consumption is 8060 cubic meters. m/s. 9 hydroelectric power stations with reservoirs were built on the Volga, half of which is served by its water. Agriculture and industry of the country.
5. Yenisei (3487 km)
The Yenisei River appears after the confluence of the Big Yenisei (Biy-Khem) and the Small Yenisei (Kaa-Khem). The Yenisei flows for almost 3.5 thousand kilometers only through the territory of Russia, and before that it winds through Mongolia for another 600 kilometers. At the end of the journey, it flows into the Yenisei Bay, which belongs to the Kara Sea. The source of the Yenisei is located near the geographical center of Asia near the city of Kyzyl, in which there is even an obelisk reminiscent of this.
In terms of basin area (2.58 million sq. km), the Yenisei is second only to the Lena; its water consumption is also large - 19,800 cubic meters. m/s. In three places it is blocked by powerful hydroelectric power stations: Sayano-Shushenskaya, Krasnoyarsk and Mainskaya. As for the name of the river, it is associated either with the Tungus word “enesi”, which means “big water”, or with the Kyrgyz “enee-say”, that is, mother river.
The mighty, stormy Yenisei is especially notable for its ice drifts. During the winter, a powerful ice shell grows on the river, from which the river is freed for at least a month. Thousands of tons of ice rush along the river, forming jams here and there that block the flow. As a result, the river overflows its banks and floods the surrounding area. The power of this water element at one time I had to feel different cities- Yeniseisk, Krasnoyarsk, Igarka and Minusinsk.
Russia is huge, Russia is beautiful, Russia is diverse. This is the most big country in the world, with an area of more than 17 million square meters. km. Thanks to the occupied space...
6. Lower Tunguska (2989 km)
This is another Siberian river, which is the right tributary of the Yenisei. The Lower Tunguska flows through the Irkutsk region and Krasnoyarsk region. It winds for a long time along the middle part of the Siberian Plateau until it comes to the Putorana Plateau. Due to the large number of rapids and whirlpools, navigation along the Lower Tunguska is severely limited. Back in 1911, plans were made to connect the Lena and Lower Tunguska near the city of Kirensk, since here they converge to a distance of 15 kilometers, however, the Lower Tunguska flows almost 85 meters above the Lena, and is also not navigable in this place. Therefore, the construction of a connecting canal between them was abandoned due to the high cost and inexpediency of the project.
7. Amur (2824 km)
The Amur River is international - it flows through the lands of Russia, China and Mongolia, and flows into the Sea of Okhotsk in the area of the Amur Estuary. The length of the Amur is 2824 kilometers, and the basin area is 1.855 million square meters. km with a water consumption of 10900 cubic meters. m/s. The Amur flows through 4 different climatic zones: semi-desert, steppe, forest-steppe and forest; 30 different nationalities live on its banks. There is no clarity regarding the origin of the name of the river, but the most common version is from the Tungus-Manchu words “damar” or “amar”. The Chinese call it the Black Dragon River, but in our country the Amur symbolizes the Far East and Transbaikalia.
8. Vilyui (2650 km)
The longest and largest left tributary of the Lena, flowing along Krasnoyarsk region and Yakutia, called Vilyuy. It has served man since ancient times, giving him water and food. A couple of hydroelectric power stations were built on it. When did the intense industrial development Siberia, the environmental situation in the Vilyuya basin has worsened, causing concern to the indigenous people.
On our planet there are areas where a person experiences special sensations: a surge of energy, euphoria, a desire to improve or spiritually...
9. Ishim (2450 km)
Ishim is the left and longest tributary of the Irtysh; it passes through the territory of Kazakhstan and Russia. According to popular legend, the name “Ishim” comes from the name of the son of the Tatar Khan, Ishim, who drowned in a previously nameless river. But there is also Tatar word“ishimak” meaning “destroying”. There are two reservoirs on Ishim that are of great economic importance: the local population uses water from them and irrigates fields and gardens.
10. Ural (2428 km)
In the European part of Russia, the Ural River is one of the largest. It descends along the southeastern Black Sea-Caspian slope, running 2,428 kilometers from its very source to its confluence with the Caspian Sea. The area of the river basin is 220 thousand square meters. km. The Ural is a very winding river, it is usually divided into three sections: from the source to Orsk, the middle from Orsk to Uralsk and the lower from Uralsk to the very mouth. A whole network of reservoirs has been built on this river, which provide much-needed water for industry and agriculture.
There are a huge number of rivers on the territory of our country (2.5 million). Most of them are small, their length usually does not exceed 100 kilometers. Then the question arises: what are the largest rivers in Russia? We will try to answer it in this article.
To begin with, we will present you with a list of these rivers:
- Yenisei.
- Lena.
- Amur.
- Volga.
- Kolyma.
- Khatanga.
- Indigirka.
- Northern Dvina.
Now let's tell you more about them.
River Ob
The largest river in Russia, which is located in Western Siberia. It is formed by the merging rivers Biya and Katun. From the source of the Irtysh its length is 5410 kilometers. In the North it flows into the Ob Bay. The river's water basin occupies a huge area - 2,990 thousand square meters. km. According to this indicator, it rightfully occupies a leading position on our list. In terms of water content, the Ob is in third place, second only to the Lena and Yenisei.
The Ob feeds mainly on melt waters. During the spring and summer floods, the largest river in Russia receives most of its annual flow. In April, the flood begins in the upper reaches, in the second half of April it begins in the middle reaches, and in early May this process occurs in the lower reaches. The water level rises even during freeze-up. When the river opens up, short-term minor rises in levels occur as a result of the resulting congestion.
The flood in the upper reaches ends in July. In September - October, a rain flood begins, which continues until freeze-up in the lower and middle reaches. Ice cover remains on the Ob for an average of 220 days a year.
The main tributary of the Ob is the Irtysh. The length of this river from its source, which is located on the border of China and Mongolia, to its confluence with the Ob is 4,248 km.
Fishing has long developed on this river. Even at the end of the 19th century, there were a lot of ruffe, perch, sculpin, pike, shokur, muksun, nelma and other species of fish in the river waters. Today there are fewer fish in the waters of the Ob, but nevertheless there are about 50 species.
Yenisei
Today we present to you the largest rivers in Russia. The list continues with the mighty Yenisei. This river is considered the natural border between the West and East of Siberia.
Its length is 4287 km. The Yenisei flows through the lands of two neighboring states - Mongolia and Russia. The total area of the river is 2,580 thousand square kilometers. This indicator allows this huge river to take second place in Russia.
On the left bank of this Siberian river there are plains, and on the right there is endless mountain taiga. In this regard, there is a sharp asymmetry of the banks of the Yenisei. The right bank is more than 5 times higher in height than the left bank. On its way from source to mouth, the river crosses all climatic zones of Siberia. That is why camels are found in the upper reaches of the Yenisei, and polar bears are found in the lower reaches, closer to the ocean.
Lena river
It cannot be said that this is the largest river in Russia, although its size is impressive. The length of the river is 4480, and its total area is 2490 thousand square meters. km. The Lena River is rightfully in third place among the large rivers of our country.
The river is mainly fed by water from melting glaciers and snow - approximately 50% of the total. Precipitation gives the river about 38% of its water and about 13% is underground recharge, more typical of the upper reaches.
In mid-October, the Lena freezes in its upper reaches. It opens in mid-April. Ice cover remains on the river for about 270 days a year.
Amur
The topic of our article was the largest rivers in Russia. The names of many are known not only to Russians, but also to our neighbors from other countries. For example, Cupid. This is one of the longest rivers in our country and the largest in the Far East. It flows on the border of Russia and China and carries its waters through the territory of Mongolia. The Amur flows into the Sea of Okhotsk.
The basin area of this river is 1,855 thousand square kilometers, and its length is 2,824 km.
Volga
Glorified by poets and composers, which inspired artists to create immortal paintings, this is, of course, the Volga River. And although this is not the largest river in Russia, it is a symbol of our country.
The source of the Volga is located on the Valdai Plateau of the Tver Region. The Volga is considered one of the largest rivers on our planet. The length of the river is 3530 km. Total area - 1361 thousand square meters. km. The river flows through the lands of Russia and Kazakhstan.
Kolyma River
This river is located in Yakutia. Its length is 2,129 km. Water pool - 645 thousand square meters. km. Kolyma was formed as a result of the confluence of two small rivers, Kulu and Ayan-Yuryakh. The Kolyma flows into the bay of the same name.
Don
This river is considered the oldest in Russia. The Don originates in the Tula region on the Central Russian Upland. Its length is 1870 km, its water basin is 422 thousand sq. km.
The current is very slow, for which the Cossacks call this leisurely and majestic river the “quiet Don”. This is explained by the flat profile in which the channel passes. The slope towards it is quite insignificant, on average this value does not exceed 0.1 degrees. In some areas the width of the valley reaches 13 km. The right bank is steep and high, and the left bank is low.
Khatanga River
This river is located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Its length is 1636 km. Water pool with an area of 364 thousand square meters. km. It is formed by two rivers Kotui and Kheta.
This river flows through a wide valley in the North Siberian Lowland. There are more than 112 thousand lakes in the Khatanga basin. Their total area is 11.6 thousand sq. km.
Indigirka
In Yakutia, on the slopes of the Khalkan Range, there is the source of the Indigirka River. Its length is 1,726 km, its water basin covers an area of 360 thousand square meters. km. Its source is made up of two medium-sized rivers - Omyokon and Kuidusun.
Indigirka is the coldest river in Russia. In winter, in the lower reaches it freezes through. In summer, it becomes covered with ice and turns into a sparkling icy stream flowing picturesquely among the mountains. Since the end of September, the river has been frozen in ice, which does not go away until June.
Northern Dvina
Our list of the 10 largest rivers in Russia has come to an end. It is completed by the Northern Dvina, which flows through two large regions - Arkhangelsk and Vologda.
Its length is 744 km, area - 360 thousand square meters. km. At its source the small rivers Sukhona and Yug connect. This northern river is famous for the fact that the history of Russian shipbuilding began on it.
Russia is largest state in the world (its area is 17.12 million km 2, which is 12% of the earth's land), about 3 million rivers flow through its territory. Most of It is not large in size and has a relatively short length; their total length is 6.5 million km.
The Ural Mountains and the Caspian Sea divide the territory of Russia into European and Asian parts. The rivers of the European part belong to the basins of such seas as the Black and Caspian, the Baltic and the Northern basin Arctic Ocean. Rivers of the Asian part - the basins of the Arctic and Pacific oceans.
Large rivers of Russia
The largest rivers of the European part are the Volga, Don, Oka, Kama, Northern Dvina, some originate in Russia, but flow into the seas in other countries (for example, the source of the river Western Dvina- Valdai Upland, Tver region of the Russian Federation, mouth - Gulf of Riga, Latvia). The following rivers flow through the Asian part, differing large sizes like the Ob, Yenisei, Irtysh, Angara, Lena, Yana, Indigirka, Kolyma.
The Lena River, 4400 km long, is one of the longest rivers on our planet (7th place in the world), its sources are located near deep-sea fresh lake Baikal in Central Siberia.
The area of its basin is 2490 thousand km². It has a western direction of flow, reaching the city of Yakutsk, it changes its direction to the north. Forming a huge delta at the mouth (its area is 32 thousand km2), which is the largest in the Arctic, the Lena flows into the Laptev Sea, the basin of the Arctic Ocean. The river is the main transport artery of Yakutia, its largest tributaries are the Aldan, Vitim, Vilyui, and Olekma rivers...
The Ob River passes through the territory of Western Siberia, its length is 3650 km, together with the Irtysh it forms river system 5410 km long, which is the sixth largest in the world. The area of the Ob River basin is 2990 thousand km².
It begins in the Altai Mountains, at the source of the confluence of the Biya and Katun rivers. In the southern part of Novosibirsk, a constructed dam forms a reservoir, the so-called “Ob Sea”, then the river flows through the Ob Bay (an area of more than 4 thousand km²) into the Kara Sea, basin of the Arctic Ocean. The water in the river has a high content of organic matter and a low oxygen content. Used for commercial fish production ( valuable species- sturgeon, sterlet, nelma, muksun, broad whitefish, whitefish, peled, as well as small ones - pike, ide, burbot, dace, roach, crucian carp, perch), electricity production (Novosibirsk hydroelectric power station on the Ob, Bukhtarminskaya and Ust-Kamenogorskaya on the Irtysh) , shipping...
The length of the Yenisei River is 3487 km, it flows through the territory of Siberia, dividing it into Western and Eastern part. The Yenisei is one of the largest rivers in the world, together with the tributaries Angara, Selenga and the Ider River, it forms a large river system 5238 km long, with a basin area of 2580 thousand km².
The river begins in the Khangai Mountains, on the Ider River (Mongolia), and flows into the Kara Sea in the Arctic Ocean basin. The river itself is called the Yenisei near the city of Kyzyl (Krasnoyarsk Territory, Republic of Tyva), where the confluence of the Big and Small Yenisei rivers occurs. It has a large number of tributaries (up to 500), about 30 thousand km long, the largest: Angara, Abakan, Lower Tunguska. Chicken. Dudinka and others. The river is navigable, this is one of the most important waterways in the Krasnoyarsk region of Russia, downstream there are such large hydroelectric power stations as Sayano-Shushenskaya, Mainskaya, Krasnoyarsk, timber rafting is carried out...
The Amur River, 2824 km long, with a basin area of 1855 thousand km², flows through Russia (54%), China (44.2%) and Mongolia (1.8%). Its sources are in the mountains of western Manchuria (China), at the confluence of the Shilka and Argun rivers. The current has an eastern direction and passes through the territory Far East, starting on the Russian-Chinese border, its mouth is located in the Gulf of Tatar (its northern part is called the Amur Estuary) of the Sea of Okhotsk, which belongs to the Arctic Ocean basin. Large tributaries: Zeya, Bureya, Ussuri, Anyui, Sungari, Amgun.
The river is characterized by sharp fluctuations in water levels, which are caused by summer and autumn monsoon precipitation; with heavy rainfall, a wide flood of water up to 25 km is possible, which lasts up to two months. The Amur is used for navigation, large hydroelectric power stations have been built here (Zeyskaya, Bureyskaya), commercial fisheries are developed (the Amur has the most developed ichthyofauna among all the rivers of Russia, about 140 species of fish live here, 39 species of which are commercial)...
One of the most famous rivers flowing in the European part of Russia, for which the words from the song are composed "Toa folk beauty, like a deep sea" - Volga. Its length is 3530 km, the basin area is 1360 thousand km² (1/3 of the entire European part of Russia), most of it passes through the territory of Russia (99.8%), the smaller part passes through Kazakhstan (0.2%).
This is one of the largest rivers in Russia and throughout Europe. Its sources are located on the Valdai Plateau in the Tver region, it flows into the Caspian Sea, forming a delta, along the way receiving water from more than two hundred tributaries, the most significant of them is the left tributary of the Volga, the Kama River. The area around the river bed (15 subjects are located here) Russian Federation) is called the Volga region, there are four large cities with millionaires: Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Samara and Volgograd, 8 hydroelectric power stations of the Volga-Kama cascade...
The Ural River, 2428 km long (the third largest in Europe after the Volga and Danube) and a basin area of 2310 thousand km², is unique in that it divides the continent of Eurasia into two parts of the world, Asia and Europe, so one of its banks lies in Europe, the other - in Asia.
The river flows through the territory of Russia and Kazakhstan, begins on the slopes of Uraltau (Bashkortostan), flows from north to south, then changes direction several times to the west, then to the south, then to the east, forms a mouth with branches and flows into the Caspian Sea. The Urals are used to a small extent for shipping, Orenburg region The Iriklinskoye reservoir and hydroelectric power station have been built on the river, and commercial fishing is underway (sturgeon, roach, bream, pike perch, carp, asp, catfish, Caspian salmon, sterlet, nelma, kutum)...
The Don River is one of the largest rivers in the European part of Russia, its length is 1870 km, its basin area is 422 thousand km², and in terms of volume of water it passes, it is the fourth in Europe after the Volga, Dnieper and Danube.
This river is one of the most ancient, its age is 23 million years, its sources are in small town Novomoskovsk (Tula region), here begins the small river Urvanka, which gradually grows and absorbs water from other tributaries (there are about 5 thousand of them) spills into a wide channel and flows over large areas of southern Russia, flowing into the Taganrog Bay Sea of Azov. The main tributaries of the Don are the Seversky Donets, Khoper, and Medveditsa. The river is rapid and shallow, has a typical flat character, and such large million-plus cities as Voronezh and Rostov-on-Don are located here. The Don is navigable from its mouth to the city of Voronezh, there are several reservoirs, the Tsimlyansk hydroelectric station...
The Northern Dvina River, 744 km long and with a basin area of 357 thousand km², is one of the largest navigable rivers in the European part of Russia.
Its origins are the confluence of the Sukhona and Yug rivers near Veliky Ustyug ( Vologda Region), has a northern flow direction to Arkhangelsk, then northwest and again north, near Novodvinsk (a city in the Arkhangelsk region) it forms a delta consisting of several branches, its area is about 900 km², and flows into the Dvina Bay of the White Sea, the basin of the Northern Arctic Ocean. The main tributaries are the Vychegda, Vaga, Pinega, Yumizh. The river is navigable along its entire length; the oldest paddle steamer, built in 1911, N.V., plies here. Gogol"...
The Neva River flowing through the territory Leningrad region, connecting Lake Ladoga with the Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea, is one of the most picturesque and deep rivers on Russian territory. Length - 74 km, basin area of 48 thousand rivers and 26 thousand lakes - 5 thousand km². 26 rivers and rivulets flow into the Neva, the main tributaries are Mga, Izhora, Okhta, Chernaya Rechka.
The Neva is the only river flowing from the Shlisselburg Bay in Lake Ladoga, its bed flows through the territory of the Neva Lowland, its mouth is located in the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland, which is part of the Baltic Sea. On the banks of the Neva there are cities such as St. Petersburg, Shlisselburg, Kirovsk, Otradnoe, the river is navigable along its entire length...
The Kuban River in the very south of Russia originates in Karachay-Cherkessia at the foot of Mount Elbrus ( Caucasus Mountains) and flows through the territory North Caucasus, forming a delta, flows into the Sea of Azov. The length of the river is 870 km, the basin area is 58 thousand km², 14 thousand tributaries, the largest of them are Afips, Laba, Pshish, Mara, Dzheguta, Gorkaya.
The river is home to the largest reservoir in the Caucasus - Krasnodar, the Kuban cascade of hydroelectric power stations, the cities of Karachaevsk, Cherkessk, Armavir, Novokubansk, Krasnodar, Temryuk...