Fedor Tyutchev message. Brief biography of Tyutchev. marriage, new position

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Years of Tyutchev’s life: 1803-1873. During this time, the famous Russian poet, publicist, diplomat and prominent thinker of the 19th century came a long way, who still remains one of the main classics of Russian literature. People become familiar with his work at school, but for many it remains attractive into adulthood.

Childhood and youth Every schoolchild today knows the years of Tyutchev’s life. The famous Russian poet was born in 1803 on the territory Oryol province

. Tyutchev’s birthplace is the village of Ovstug, which is now located in the Bryansk region.

Received home education. His teachers already in childhood supported his interest in languages ​​and poetry. Already at the age of 12, Tyutchev was translating the odes of Horace.

In 1817, he was assigned to a lecture at Moscow University, where he studied in the literature department. At the end of 1818, he was accepted as a student and even elected a member of the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature.

Work abroad

The years of Tyutchev’s life abroad were very eventful. After graduating from the university in 1821, he began working at the College of Foreign Affairs. Almost immediately he was sent to Munich as a freelance attaché at the Russian diplomatic mission.

It is here that the hero of our article meets his first wife, Eleanor Peterson. They had three daughters - Anna, Daria and Ekaterina. The health of the poet's wife deteriorated greatly after they suffered a disaster on the steamship "Nicholas I", which was heading from St. Petersburg to Turin. They were saved, but physical state

Eleanor left much to be desired. In 1838 she died.

For Tyutchev, family and children have always played a big role in life. He spent the whole night near the coffin of the deceased and, according to eyewitnesses, turned gray in just a few hours.

Second marriage

At the same time, the poet quickly found a new wife, who became Ernestina Dernberg. Some biographers suggest that there was a connection between them while he was still married to Eleanor. In 1839 they entered into a legal marriage. They had a daughter, Maria, as well as sons, Ivan and Dmitry.

During this period, the poet met with the all-powerful Benckendorff, the result of which was the support of all of Tyutchev’s undertakings and initiatives by Nicholas I. First of all, these were projects related to the creation of a positive image of Russia in Western countries. Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev received approval for independent appearances in the international press political problems, as well as on relations between Russia and Europe.

Return to Russia

You can familiarize yourself with a brief biography of Tyutchev by reading this article. An important place in it is occupied by the return from Europe to serve in Russia, which took place in 1844. The hero of our article began working at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as a senior censor.

In St. Petersburg, he almost immediately became an active participant in Belinsky’s circle. At the same time, he practically did not publish his poems, but wrote many journalistic works. Among them are the following articles:

• "Note to the Tsar"
• "The Papacy and the Roman Question"
• "Russia and the Revolution"
• "Letter to Mr. Dr. Kolb"
• "On censorship in Russia."

Treatise “Russia and the West”

He included many of these materials in his treatise entitled “Russia and the West,” which he conceived under the influence of the revolutionary events of 1848-1849.

This treatise played a big role, as can be seen by reading Tyutchev’s short biography. He created a unique image of a thousand-year-old Russian state. At the same time, the poet formed his own idea of ​​the empire, as well as its character in Russia, which, as the thinker argued, has an Orthodox orientation.

In one of his articles, Tyutchev expressed the idea that in modern world two main forces are represented - conservative Russia and revolutionary Europe. Here he outlined the idea of ​​​​creating a union of Slavic-Orthodox states.

It is worth noting that at this stage of life state interests Even the work of Fyodor Tyutchev was subordinated. This can be seen in the works “Modern”, “Slavs”, “Vatican Anniversary”.

In 1857, Tyutchev received the rank of state councilor, and a year later he was appointed chairman of the foreign censorship committee. In this post, he had to deal with the government more than once, to resolve conflict situations. But at the same time, the writer held the position until his death.

In 1865, he was transferred to privy councilor, so he actually reached the second level in the hierarchy of government officials. At the same time, Tyutchev remained keenly interested in the situation in Europe. Even when in 1872 he lost the ability to control his left hand, experienced serious problems with his eyesight, and suffered from severe headaches, the writer did not lose interest.

As a result, on the first day of 1873, the poet went for a walk and had a stroke. The entire left side of the body was paralyzed. The years of Tyutchev's life came to an end in Tsarskoye Selo. He died on July 15th. He was buried in St. Petersburg in the cemetery Novodevichy Convent.

Creative path

According to researchers, some of the poet's most important works were short poems in which he developed the traditions of Russian poetry laid down by Lomonosov and Derzhavin.

The form in which the poet created his works was often compressed into a short text of an ode. Due to this, he was able to concentrate his efforts as much as possible and maintain tension. All this led to a large number components in the lyrics that make it possible to extremely soulfully convey any tragic sensations of the cosmic contradictions of the reality surrounding man.

In total, Tyutchev wrote about 400 poems. Moreover, all his work can be divided into three parts:

Tyutchev's love lyrics

Love lyrics occupy an important place in the poet’s work. Here it is customary to highlight a number of works that are combined into a love-tragedy cycle. He dedicated most of them to his beloved Elena Denisyeva, with whom the relationship lasted 14 years, they had three children - Elena, Fedor and Nikolai.

In this cycle, the poet tries to comprehend the tragedy of love, a fatal force that leads to death and complete devastation. It is interesting that Tyutchev himself did not formulate the “Denisyev Cycle”, so many researchers are still arguing about who this or that poem is addressed to - Denisyeva or his wife Ernestina.

Signs of love lyrics can also be found in the early Tyutchev, who at the age of 18 turns to the future Baroness Krudener. A striking example- poem “I remember the golden time...”. Tyutchev was in love in his youth with the baroness, who did not reciprocate his feelings. Unhappy love, as often happens, gave rise to many brilliant poems.

(1803-1873)

A brief message about the life and work of Fyodor Tyutchev for children in grades 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

The life of Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev began in the village of Ovstug in 1803 (now Bryansk region).

Tyutchev, in short, belonged to an old family of nobles.

Fyodor Tyutchev spent his childhood in the village of Troitskoye near Moscow. Patriarchy reigned in his family, but fashion trends did not stand aside - Tyutchev actively studied French.

S. E. Amphiteatrov, Tyutchev’s teacher, instilled in him a craving for ancient poets, so at the age of 13 Fedor could easily translate even Horace, and even came up with his own poem - “For the New Year 1816.”

In 1819, Fyodor Tyutchev entered the linguistic specialty of Moscow University. Already here Fedor meets M.P. Pogodin, a Russian historian, publisher and journalist. For a long time they were friends.

IN student years Tyutchev is interested in German romanticism. After graduating from the university in 1822, Tyutchev was enrolled in the State College and he left for Munich.

short biography Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev, after graduating from university.

In Munich, a new period of life opens for Tyutchev; he spends almost 20 years abroad. There he meets his fiancée, Eleanor Peterson. During the same period he wrote his famous poems “ Spring thunderstorm" and "Fountain", translates the works of Schelling and Heine.

In 1836, F. I. Tyutchev became famous after publishing “Poems sent from Germany” in Sovremennik.

In the 40s, F. Tyutchev was convicted of love relationships with Ernestina Dernberg and transferred to Russia. A few years later his wife dies.

In 1841, Tyutchev met Vaclav Hanka, who had a fairly strong influence on him.

Soon Fyodor Ivanovich is inspired by the idea of ​​Slavophilism and is engaged in activities in the name of Russia. This increased his authority in the eyes of Nicholas 1, and he returned him to his position in the Ministry.

In the 50s, Tyutchev falls in love again, this time Elena Denisyeva becomes his young passion. The affair lasted almost 14 years, during which time the world spoke badly about Tyutchev and did not accept him. Elena Denisyeva died from tuberculosis, a series of failures and deaths began in Tyutchev’s life: in 1864 his daughter died, his son, who was barely a year old, died a year later - his mother, then death took his eldest son Dmitry and finally his daughter Maria. As a result, Tyutchev’s body could not stand it, his health deteriorated, and in 1872 he died of a stroke.

If we talk briefly about Tyutchev, he left about 400 poems. Among them are many poems dedicated to the pains and joys of love, as well as poems about natural landscapes.

Biography of Tyutchev.

Life and work of Tyutchev. Essay

From childhood, the poetry of Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev enters our lives with the strange, bewitching purity of feeling, clarity and beauty of images:

I love the storm in early May,

When spring, the first thunder,

How to frolic and play,

Rumbling in the blue sky...

Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev was born on November 23 / December 5, 1803 in the Ovstug estate of the Oryol province of the Bryansk district into a middle-landowner, old-noble family. Tyutchev received his primary education at home. Since 1813, his Russian language teacher was S. E. Raich, a young poet and translator. Raich introduced his student to works of Russian and world poetry and encouraged his first poetic experiments. “With what pleasure I remember those sweet hours,” Raich later said in his autobiography, “when, in the spring and summer, living in the Moscow region, F.I. and I would leave the house, stock up on Horace, or Virgil by someone else.” from domestic writers and, sitting down in a grove, on a hill, delved into reading and drowned in the pure pleasures of the beauties of brilliant works of poetry.” Talking about unusual abilities of his “naturally gifted” pupil, Raich mentions that “by the thirteenth year he was already translating Horace’s odes with remarkable success.” These translations from Horace 1815-1816 have not survived. But among the poet’s early poems there is an ode “For the New Year 1816”, in which one can see imitations of the Latin classic. It was read on February 22, 1818 by the poet and translator, professor at Moscow University A.F. Merzlyakov at the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature. On March 30 of the same year, the young poet was elected as an employee of the Society, and a year later a free adaptation of Horace’s “Epistle of Horace to Maecenas” appeared in print.

In the fall of 1819, Tyutchev was admitted to Moscow University in the literature department. The diary of these years by Comrade Tyutchev, the future historian and writer M.P. Pogodin, testifies to the breadth of their interests. Pogodin began his diary in 1820, when he was still a university student, a passionate young man, open to the “impressions of life,” who dreamed of a “golden age,” that in a hundred, a thousand years “there will be no rich people, everyone will be equal.” In Tyutchev he found that “wonderful young man", everyone could check and trust their thoughts. They talked about the “future education” in Russia, about the “free noble spirit of thoughts”, about Pushkin’s ode “Liberty”... 3. The accusatory tyrant-fighting pathos of “Liberty” was sympathetically received by the young poet, and he responded with a poetic message to Pushkin (“To Pushkin’s Ode” to freedom"), in which he hailed him as an exposer of “obstinate tyrants.” However, the free-thinking of the young dreamers was of a fairly moderate nature: Tyutchev compares the “fire of freedom” with the “flame of God,” the sparks of which rain down on the “brows of pale kings,” but at the same time, welcoming the herald of “holy truths,” he calls on him “ roznizhuvaty”, “touch”, “soften” the hearts of kings - without eclipsing the “brilliance of the crown”.

In their youthful desire to comprehend the fullness of existence, university comrades turned to literature, history, philosophy, subjecting everything to their critical analysis. This is how their disputes and conversations arose about Russian, German and French literature, “the influence that the literature of one language has on the literature of another,” about the course of lectures on the history of Russian literature, which they listened to in the literature department.

Tyutchev’s early interest in the ideas of thinkers distant from each other reflected both the search for his own solutions and a sense of the complexity and ambiguity of these solutions. Tyutchev was looking for his own interpretation of the “book of nature,” as all his subsequent work convinces us of.

Tyutchev graduated from University in two years. In the spring of 1822, he was already enrolled in the service of the State Collegium of Foreign Affairs and appointed as a supernumerary official at the Russian diplomatic mission in Munich, and soon went abroad. For the first six years of his stay abroad, the poet was listed as “extra staff” at the Russian mission and only in 1828 received the position of second secretary. He held this position until 1837. More than once in letters to family and friends, Tyutchev jokingly wrote that his wait for a promotion had taken too long, and just as jokingly explained: “Because I never took the service seriously, it is fair that the service should also laugh at me.”

Tyutchev was an opponent of serfdom and a supporter of a representative, established form of government - most of all, a constitutional monarchy. With great acuteness, Tyutchev realized the discrepancy between his idea of ​​​​the monarchy and its actual embodiment in the Russian autocratic system. “In Russia there is an office and barracks,” “everything moves around the whip and rank,” - in such sarcastic aphorisms Tyutchev, who arrived in Russia in 1825, expressed his impressions of the Arakcheev regime in the last years of the reign of Alexander I.

Tyutchev spent more than twenty years abroad. There he continues to translate a lot. From Horace, Schiller, Lamartine, who attracted his attention back in Moscow, he turns to Goethe and the German romantics. Tyutchev was the first of the Russian poets to translate Heine’s poems, and, moreover, before the publication of “Travel Pictures” and “The Book of Songs”, they made the author’s name so popular in Germany. At one time he was associated with Heine friendly relations. In letters of 1828 to K. A. Farnhagen, von Ense Heine called the Tyutchev house in Munich (in 1826 Tyutchev married the widow of a Russian diplomat, Eleanor Peterson) “a wonderful oasis,” and the poet himself his best friend at that time.

Of course, Tyutchev’s poetic activity in these years was not limited to translations. In the 20-30s, he wrote such original poems, testifying to the maturity and originality of his talent.

In the spring of 1836, fulfilling the request of a former colleague at the Russian mission in Munich, Prince. I. S. Gagarin, Tyutchev sent several dozen poems to St. Petersburg. Through Vyazemsky and Zhukovsky, Pushkin met them, greeted them with “surprise” and “capture” - with surprise and delight at the “unexpected appearance” of poems, “full of depth of thoughts, brightness of colors, news and power of language.” Twenty-four poems under the general title “Poems sent from Germany” and signed “F. T. "appeared in the third and fourth volumes of Pushkin's Sovremennik. The printing of Tyutchev's poems on the pages of Sovremennik continued after Pushkin's death - until 1840. With some exceptions, they were selected by Pushkin himself.

In 1837, Tyutchev was appointed senior secretary of the Russian mission in Turin, and then soon - chargé d'affaires. Leaving his family in St. Petersburg for a while, in August 1837 Tyutchev left for the capital of the Sardinian kingdom and four and a half months after arriving in Turin he wrote to his parents: “Truly, I don’t like it here at all and only absolute necessity forces me to put up with such an existence. It is devoid of any kind of entertainment and seems to me a bad performance, all the more boring because it creates boredom, while its only merit was to amuse. This is exactly what existence is like in Turin.

On May 30/June 11, 1838, as the poet himself later said in a letter to his parents, they came to inform him that the Russian passenger steamer Nicholas I, which had left St. Petersburg, had burned down near Lubeck, off the coast of Prussia. Tyutchev knew that his wife and children were supposed to be on this ship, heading to Turin. He immediately left Turin, but only in Munich did he learn the details of what had happened.

The fire on the ship broke out on the night of 18/30 to 19/31 May. When the awakened passengers ran onto the deck, “two wide columns of smoke mixed with fire rose on both sides of the chimney and a terrible commotion began along the masts, which did not stop. The riots were unimaginable...” I recalled in his essay “Fire at Sea.” S. Turgenev, who was also on this ship.

During the disaster, Eleanor Tyutcheva showed complete self-control and presence of mind, but her already poor health was completely undermined by the experience of that terrible night. The death of his wife shocked the poet, overshadowing many years with the bitterness of memories:

Your sweet image, unforgettable,

He is in front of me everywhere, always,

Available, unchangeable,

Like a star in the sky at night...

On the five-year anniversary of Eleanor’s death, Tyutchev wrote to the one who helped bear the weight of loss and entered the poet’s life, by his own admission, as an “earthly ghost”: “Today’s date, September 9, is a sad date for me. It was the most terrible day in my life, and if it weren’t for you, it would probably have been my day too” (letter from Ernestina Fedorovna Tyutchev dated August 28 / September 9, 1843).

After entering into a second marriage with Ernestina Dernberg, Tyutchev was forced to resign due to unauthorized departure to Switzerland on the occasion of the wedding, which took place on July 17/29, 1839. Having resigned, in the fall of 1839 Tyutchev settled again in Munich. However, further stay in a foreign land, not due to his official position, became more and more difficult for the poet: “Although I am not used to living in Russia,” he wrote to his parents on March 18/30, 1843, “I think that it is impossible to be more privileged.” “connected to my country than I am, more constantly preoccupied with what belongs to it. And I am glad in advance that I will be there again.” At the end of September 1844, Tyutchev and his family returned to their homeland, and six months later he was re-enlisted in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

The St. Petersburg period of the poet’s life was marked by a new rise in his lyrical creativity. In 1848-1849, he actually wrote poems: “Reluctantly and timidly...”, “When in a circle of murderous worries...”, “Human tears, oh human tears...”, “To a Russian woman,” “As a pillar of smoke brightens in the heights... "and others. In 1854, in the supplement to the March edition of Sovremennik, the first collection of Tyutchev's poems was published, and nineteen more poems appeared in the May book of the same magazine. In the same year, Tyutchev’s poems were published as a separate publication.

The appearance of Tyutchev's collection of poems was a great event in literary life at that time. In Sovremennik, I. S. Turgenev published the article “A few words about the poems of F. I. Tyutchev.” “... We could not help but be sincerely pleased,” wrote Turgenev, “to collect together the hitherto scattered poems of one of our most remarkable poets, like Pushkin’s greetings and approval conveyed to us.” In 1859 in the magazine " Russian word“An article by A. A. Fet “On the poems of F. Tyutchev” was published, which spoke of him as an original “lord” of poetic thought, who is able to combine the poet’s “lyrical courage” with an unchanging “sense of proportion.” In the same 1859, Dobrolyubov’s famous article “The Dark Kingdom” appeared, in which, among judgments about art, there is an assessment of the features of Tyutchev’s poetry, its “burning passion” and “severe energy”, “deep thought, excited not only by spontaneous phenomena, but also by questions moral, interests public life ».

In a number of the poet’s new creations, poems remarkable in their psychological depth stand out: “Oh, how murderously we love...”, “Predestination”, “Don’t say: he loves me, as before...”, “ last love" and some others. Supplemented in subsequent years with such poetic masterpieces as “All day she lay in oblivion ...”, “There is also in my suffering stagnation ...”, “Today, friend, fifteen years have passed. . “,” “On the eve of the anniversary of August 4, 1864,” “There is not a day when the soul does not ache...” - they compiled the so-called “Denisovo cycle.” This cycle of poems represents, as it were, a lyrical story about the love experienced by the poet “in his declining years” - about his love for Elena Alexandrovna Denisova. Their “lawless” relationship in the eyes of society lasted for fourteen years. In 1864, Denisova died of consumption. Having failed to protect his beloved woman from “human judgment,” Tyutchev blames himself first of all for the suffering caused to her by her ambiguous position in society.

Tyutchev's political worldview mainly took shape towards the end of the 40s. A few months before his return to his homeland, he publishes a brochure in Munich on French“Letter to Mr. Dr. Gustav Kolbe” (later reprinted under the title “Russia and Germany”). In this work, dedicated to the relationship between Tsarist Russia and the German states, Tyutchev, in contrast Western Europe puts forward Eastern Europe as special world, living its own original life, where “Russia has at all times served as the soul and driving force" Under the impression of the Western European revolutionary events of 1848, Tyutchev conceived a large philosophical and journalistic treatise, “Russia and the West.” Only overall plan of this plan, two chapters, processed in the form of independent articles in French (“Russia and the Revolution”, “The Papacy and the Roman Question” - published in 1849, 1850), and outlines of other sections.

As these articles, as well as Tyutchev’s letters, testify, he is convinced that the “Europe of treatises of 1815” has already ceased to exist and revolutionary beginning deeply “penetrated into the public blood.” Seeing in the revolution only the element of destruction, Tyutchev is looking for the result of that crisis, which is shaking the world, in the reactionary utopia of Pan-Slavism, refracted in his poetic imagination as the idea of ​​unity of the Slavs under the auspices of the Russian - “all-Slavic” tsar.

In Tyutchev's poetry of the 50-60s, the tragedy of the perception of life intensifies. And the reason for this is not only in the drama he experienced associated with his love for E. A. Denisova and her death. In his poems, generalized images of a desert region, “poor villages,” and “poor beggar” appear. The sharp, merciless and cruel contrast of wealth and poverty, luxury and deprivation is reflected in the poem “Send, Lord, your joy...”. The poem “To a Russian Woman” was written with “hopelessly sad, soul-tearing predictions of the poet.” The ominous image of an inhuman “light” that destroys everything better with slander, the image of a light-crowd, appears in the verses “There are two forces - two fatal forces ...” and “What did you pray with love ...”.

In 1858, he was appointed chairman of the Foreign Censorship Committee; Tyutchev more than once acted as a deputy for publications subject to censorship punishment and under threat of persecution. The poet was deeply convinced that “one cannot impose unconditional and too long-lasting compression and oppression on the minds without significant harm to the entire social organism,” that the government’s task should not be to suppress, but to “direct” the press. Reality equally constantly indicated that for the government of Alexander II, as well as for the government of Nicholas I, the only acceptable method of “directing” the press was the method of police persecution.

Although Tyutchev held the position of chairman of the Foreign Censorship Committee until the end of his days (the poet died on July 15/27, 1873), both the service and the court-bureaucratic environment burdened him. The environment to which Tyutchev belonged was far from him; more than once from court ceremonies he endured a feeling of annoyance, deep dissatisfaction with himself and everyone around him. Therefore, almost all of Tyutchev’s letters are permeated with a feeling of melancholy, loneliness, and disappointment. “I love him,” wrote L. Tolstoy, “and I consider him one of those unfortunate people who are immeasurably higher than the crowd among whom they live, and therefore are always alone.”

Biography of Tyutchev, Life and work of Tyutchev abstract

Fyodor Tyutchev is a famous Russian lyricist, poet-thinker, diplomat, conservative publicist, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences since 1857, privy councilor.

Tyutchev wrote his works mainly in the direction of romanticism and pantheism. His poems are very popular both in Russia and throughout the world.

In his youth, Tyutchev spent his days reading poetry and admiring their creativity.

In 1812, the Tyutchev family was forced to move to Yaroslavl due to the outbreak.

They remained in Yaroslavl until the Russian army finally expelled the French army, led by.

Thanks to his father’s connections, the poet was enrolled in the College of Foreign Affairs as a provincial secretary. Later, Fyodor Tyutchev becomes a freelance attaché of the Russian diplomatic mission.

During this period of his biography, he works in Munich, where he meets Heine and Schelling.

Tyutchev's creativity

In addition, he continues to write poetry, which he later publishes in Russian publications.

During the period of biography 1820-1830. he wrote such poems as “Spring Thunderstorm”, “Like the Ocean Envelops the Globe...”, “Fountain”, “Winter is not angry for nothing...” and others.

In 1836, the Sovremennik magazine published 16 works by Tyutchev under common name"Poems sent from Germany."

Thanks to this, Fyodor Tyutchev is gaining great popularity in his homeland and abroad.

At the age of 45, he receives the position of senior censor. At this time, the lyricist continues to write poetry, which arouses great interest in society.

However, the relationship between Tyutchev and Lerchenfeld never reached the wedding. The girl chose to marry the wealthy Baron Krudner.

The first wife in Tyutchev’s biography was Eleonora Fedorovna. In this marriage they had 3 daughters: Anna, Daria and Ekaterina.

It is worth noting that Tyutchev was of little interest family life. Instead he liked to spend free time in noisy companies in the company of representatives of the fairer sex.

Soon, at one of the social events, Tyutchev met Baroness Ernestina von Pfeffel. An affair began between them, which everyone immediately found out about.

When the poet's wife heard about this, she, unable to bear the shame, struck herself in the chest with a dagger. Fortunately, there was only a minor injury.

Despite the incident and condemnation in society, Fyodor Ivanovich was never able to part with the baroness.

After the death of his wife, he immediately married Pfeffel.

However, having married the baroness, Tyutchev immediately began to cheat on her. For many years he had a close relationship with Elena Deniseva, whom we have already mentioned.

Death

IN last years During his life, Tyutchev lost many relatives and people dear to him.

In 1864, his mistress Elena, whom he considered his muse, passed away. Then his mother, brother and his own daughter Maria died.

All this had a negative impact on Tyutchev’s condition. Six months before his death, the poet was paralyzed, as a result of which he became bedridden.

Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev died on July 15, 1873 at the age of 69. The poet was buried in St. Petersburg at the Novodevichy Convent cemetery.

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Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev became famous not only for his beautiful poems about nature and love, but also for his journalistic works. As a diplomat and correspondent of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, he had significant power in many literary and secular circles in Russia. Brief biography of Tyutchev, Interesting Facts which will be interesting to learn about both for a lover of his poetry and for those simply interested in literature, is given below in the article.

Childhood and life abroad

The future poet was born in the Oryol province, in the family of a guard lieutenant. Little Fedor was brought up together with his older brother and younger sister. Received home education. An interesting fact from Tyutchev’s biography: already in childhood, studying versification and foreign languages, Tyutchev himself translates Horace’s odes. Teaches Latin and poetry. After freely attending lectures at the Department of Literature, he was enrolled at Moscow University.

After graduating from university, he goes to Munich, where he works as a diplomatic attaché. Here he meets Schelling and Heine, who significantly influence Tyutchev’s further poetic work. His career is going uphill, Tyutchev is awarded the title of state councilor and appointed secretary in Turin. During these years, Fyodor Ivanovich married Countess Eleanor Peterson, with whom he raised three daughters. But after an accident on a ship, as a result of which his beloved wife dies, Tyutchev leaves service and lives abroad until 1844.

Career at home and last years of life

Returning to his homeland in Russia, he again became a senior censor in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This period of the poet’s life is associated with the publication of his journalistic works, in which he adheres to conservative views on the political structure of the country. Poetry is also distinguished by state overtones; appeals and slogans are clearly heard in the poems. For his activities in the person statesman received the title of Privy Councilor.

Until the end of his life, Tyutchev was actively interested in politics in Europe and Russia, and wrote more than 200 poems and journalistic works. In 1872, the poet’s health deteriorated sharply: he suffered from headaches, lost his sight and became paralyzed. left hand. During a walk in 1873, he suffered a stroke and until the end last days Tyutchev remains bedridden.

To this day, Fyodor Tyutchev remains an unsurpassed master of lyrical landscape. His poems are not only different vivid descriptions nature, but also with deep philosophical overtones. The poet is also famous for his love lyrics, in which he depicted the whole palette of emotions and feelings.