Summary of the nodes "animals of hot countries". Wild animals of hot countries cognitive development preparatory group Material on the topic animals of hot countries
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Summary of an integrated lesson for children of the preparatory group on familiarization with the outside world and speech development. Goal: To give children a basic understanding of the features geographical location
Africa.
Tasks:
Give children an idea of the relationships between living organisms and their habitat: desert, savanna, tropics.
Clarify children's ideas about animals in a hot country: appearance, characteristic features.
Create a cheerful mood, bring children joy, new experiences, pleasure. Attune children to each other, create a positive background in the group.Organizing time.- Guys, look, this morning the postman brought me a mysterious letter. It is addressed to your group. Let's read it:LetterYoung sailor in a sailor suitI went out to the river bank.He took off his sailor suit like a sailor,He took off his sea shoes,He undressed like a sailor,He sneezed like a sailor,Run like a sailorAnd... he dived like a soldier.Hello guys, you probably understand who is writing to you. I am a sea captain and I really love to travel, and I decided today to go to Africa. Do you want me to take you with me?- Tell me, what time of year is it now? (Spring) Yes, it’s spring outside, but frost, cold, snow, and today we’ll go with you to a very hot countryand we will feel warm and cheerful.Guys, try to find Africa on the map yourself.(Children's show)What is this (a globe), let's see if Africa is on the globe? (There is) Look what's around her of blue color? (Water)-How can we get to it? How can we go there? (on the ship)- That's right, here's our ship. LET'S TURN INTO SAILORS. Well, are you ready? Everyone aboard the ship.-Take your seats, stand three people in a row.-Listen to a good poem about Africa"Africa! Africa!Wonderland.Let's go to AfricaShe has been waiting for us for a long time.We'll see you in hot Africa,How do the animals live there...Let’s quickly go to Africa, the jungle is waiting for us!”- So we prepared for our journey.-Listen to our route:“Let's sail to Zanzibar,Let's get lost in the SaharaLet's see KilimanjaroLet's take a walk with Hippopo.And back along the Limpopo"-And so off we go.We swim to the song “Little Red Riding Hood” based on lyrics by A. Rybnikov/If it's long along the path,If it's long along the pathStomp, ride and run,Then, perhaps, then, of course,That's probably true, true,It's possible, it's possible, it's possible,You can come to Africa.So we got to Africa.Let's leave our ship. We sit on the chairs.When depicting Africa on the map, they used a lot of yellow.What do you think the color yellow means?Africa is the kingdom of the world's hottest sun and hot sand.Africa is divided into desert, tropics, savannah,What do you think a desert is? (desert from the word empty, deserted)Let's do it a short walk through the desert.- Look, what does the desert remind you of? Does it look like the sea?- these small hill-like hills are called dunes. Hot winds blow here, and the sand seems to flow from one place to another.-Let us now try to make a desert sea and see how the sand moves when the wind blows.- And guys, it hasn’t rained in the desert for years.Do you think plants can live in this place? (answers)Educator: It turns out they can. Grow in the desert low plants with small leaves.How do they survive without water? (answers)They have very long roots. If you climb a 15-story building, their roots will reach the ground.Why do plants have such long roots? (get water that is deep underground).It seems there can be no animals in the desert.But there is one very hardy animal that lives in the desert, listen to my riddle and guess it with your eyes?“I am a hunchbacked beast,The guys like me."Who is this? (camel, showing illustrations)The camel is called the ship of the desert.Why do you think? (movements are smooth, like a ship)Camels carry heavy loads and people. These are very strong and hardy animals.Why aren't they hot in the desert?(Long thick hair protects the camel's body from the scorching rays of the sun).When the wind raises sand, it becomes difficult to breathe; the nostrils can be closed with the help of special muscles. And the ears are designed in such a way that sand does not get into them. They are small and covered with hairs.It almost never rains here. It is very hot during the day, sometimes fierce winds blow, drying out everything around. But after sunset the temperature drops sharply and it becomes very cold.Let's go further.Get on the camels, let's go further. (imitation trip, audio recording)It's hot in the desert! It's so hot you could fry an egg on sun-baked stones. I really want to relax somewhere near the water, in the shade. And suddenly a small lake appears in front of us, along the banks of which date palms grow (show illustration).- Let's get off our camels.This is an oasis with fertile soil where gardens grow around springs or along riversGuys, let's relax on the shore of the lake! (Yes)Let's take a swim (to relaxing music - swimming)- Well, did you rest? We get on the camels and move on.Guys, the desert is left behind.Ahead - African savannahWhat is the soil in the savannah covered with? (grass).It is always thick here: dry yellow when there is no rain and green juicy after the rains. They are growing here and there giant trees. They are called Baobabs.Let's take a walk through the savannah and observe its inhabitants.- Let's get off our camels and let them graze.Well, here we are in the savannah, a menacing roar was heard. (Audio recording)What kind of animal is roaring? (lion, showing illustration).This is the king of beasts - the lion.Guys, a lion can be invisible, the way it hides among the yellow dry grass.Why is it important for a lion to be invisible? (he is a predator, stalking prey)It is very difficult to hide in the savannah; there are no dense thickets there.How do animals escape from predators? For example zebras. (run fast)Riddle: “What kind of horses are they all wearing vests” (zebra).Here is a lioness hunting a zebra. The zebra runs away at high speed. However, the lioness is also a good runner and can catch up with the zebra.What's a zebra to do? (defend)Zebras' means of defense is to strike with their hooves. In flight, the zebra hits the enemy with its hind legs. Such a blow can greatly harm the predator.The zebra is very playful, a graceful animal, each is covered with stripes and they are not repeated.-Let's turn into zebras and draw a lot of stripes on ourselves?- Look who is coming to us?Educator:“Here comes in with his head upNot because the important countNot because of a proud dispositionBut because he ... (giraffe) (showing an illustration or figure of an animal).The tallest animal on earth lives in the savannah.Why does the giraffe look proud and important? (he has a long neck and legs).The height of the giraffe is 6 meters, it is as tall as a 2-story house.Why does he have such a neck? (easily reaches to the very tops tall trees, plucking leaves).- Do you want us to turn into giraffes? Look, he has an interesting color too.The largest bird in the world lives in Africa. They say about her:“And he doesn’t singAnd it can’t fly...Why are peopleDoes he think he’s a bird?” (B. Zakhoder)Who is this? (ostrich)Why is it considered a bird? (the ostrich has wings, but they serve as decoration).And ostriches also have one interesting feature When he is afraid he hides his head in the sand.“There are a lot of stagsIn the zoo and in the forestEveryone has horns on their headsAnd it’s only on his nose” (rhino, show)The rhinoceros is huge, from two to four meters in length, weighing up to 4 tons. Its body is covered with thick, dirty gray skin.What's on his forehead? (horn)And here are the African giants.Did you recognize them? (elephants, show)Do you think a lion will dare to attack an elephant? (no, an elephant is a powerful, very strong animal, a lion cannot cope with it).The most amazing thing about an elephant is its trunk.What is the elephant doing to them? (with the help of its trunk, the elephant picks leaves from trees, tears grass, drinks).Guys, let's play the game "African Teremok"Each player is dealt cards with images of different African animal. One card for each participant. One of the players is appointed as the owner of a conditional little house (a rug or a children's house), and the others (or another) approach the little house and ask to join him in the house (using the example of fairy tales):- Knock, knock, who lives in the little house?- I am a lion. And who are you?- And I am a Giraffe. Let me into the mansion?- If you tell me how you are like me, then I’ll let you in.I also have a tail.ZebraRhinocerosElephantOstrichAnd what part of Africa have we not been to yet? We were in the desert, we were in the savannah,- That's right, the tropics. There are many monkeys in the tropics, why? (yes, that’s right, monkeys live in the tropics because there are a lot of trees, palm trees, coconuts, bananas, dates. Monkeys jump, climb, jump over trees from palm to palm, clinging to vines. They have a very interesting and fun life.And our journey continues.- Let's remember what was drawn on the map brown? (showing mountains)This is Kilimanjaro. (I show on the map). Translated from Swahili, this is the language of the peoples of Africa, sparkling mountain, and why do you think? It sparkles in the sun's rays.Many African rivers originate here: the Nile, Congo, Zambezi, Limpopo.“And a log floats down the riverOh, and it's meanFor those who fell into the riverHe’ll bite off his nose...” (crocodile) (show)-There are many crocodiles in African rivers. They trim their prey in the water. When zebras and antelopes approach a watering hole, they pounce on them. Crocodiles are very strong animals.Lemon and orange trees, coconut palms, and bananas grow along the banks of the rivers.Well, why are you staying too long? Let's take a little rest?
I'm walking through Africa (walking in place),
I notice as I go
Like over a sea of lush grass
Giraffe stretched out its neck
(hands up, stretching).
Over my head
(bends to the sides with raised arms)
The palm tree will rustle its leaves,
But you have to squat (squats),
To pick dates.
Here is Velvichia, a tourist
(arms are alternately extended forward):
Left sheet, right sheet (arms to the sides).
And a huge gray elephant (circle with arms)
Sends us a bow (bending forward).
We will complete the walk (walking in place)
And let’s hurry to our desks (sit down in their seats).
Oh, guys, while we were talking here. all the animals hid and left only their photographs as a souvenir.-Well, apparently it’s time for us to return home, to kindergarten? - We board our ship, take our seats and set off.- So we arrived at the kindergarten, goodbye guys, (goodbye)For example, a lion has a big mane, so what is it like? (big maned)And the ostrich has thin legs, so what is it like? (thin-legged).If an ostrich only eats grass, what kind of ostrich is it? (herbivorous)A crocodile swims in the water, so what is it like? (waterfowl)A giraffe has a long neck, so what is it like? (long-necked)An elephant has a long nose, so what is it like? (long-nosed)The crocodile dived into the water, and then out of the water... (surfaced)The ostrich buried its head in the sand, and then he dug it out..(dug)And everyone moves differently.How does a crocodile move? (swims, walks)And the rhinoceros? (walks)And the turtle? (crawls)
RESULT:Tell me, did you enjoy the trip?Guys, I’ll now give you signal cards: red and green. I'll talk now the following sentences. If you think it is correct, we raise a green signal card, and if it is incorrect, then a red one. So here we go:We traveled to Australia today.Africa is divided into 3 zones: desert, tropics, savannah.In Savana there are giant trees - baobabs.Africa is a kingdom of cold.
Well done guys!
This is where our journey ended. Goodbye! (say goodbye to guests)
Continuous educational activities in the preparatory group. During the lesson, children are offered various tasks. They solve problems, read and form words, and do a crossword puzzle. Technologies such as TRIZ and mnemonics are also used. All activities are very dynamic and intense.
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Preview:
"Animals of hot countries" preparatory group
Tasks:
1. Deepen and expand children’s knowledge about animals of hot countries, activate vocabulary on the topic, clarify the name of animals of hot countries.
2. To develop the ability to divide two- and three-syllable words with open syllables into parts.
3. Practice solving mathematical problems, crossword puzzle.
4. Cultivate a desire to study nature and living inhabitants of the Earth, caring for nature.
5. Develop the ability to act in a team.
6. Teach children to take care of materials and put them away after work.
7. The ability to use different materials to depict animals: paper, plasticine; exercise independence in choosing materials for work.
Equipment:
pictures of animals from hot countries, a magic flower with tasks, a crossword puzzle, silhouettes of animals for productive activities, plasticine, colored paper, glue, stacks.
GCD move:
Educator : Guys, do you like to travel?
Children: answers
Educator : Let's go to hot countries. What kind of countries do you think these are?
Children : it’s very hot there, there’s a lot of sand and it’s hot, there’s little water, etc.
Educator: guys, let's think now: what is good and what is bad in Africa
Game "Black - White"
TRIZ technology
Children: in Africa, summer is always good;
In Africa, you don't have to wear warm clothes - that's good;
You can swim in Africa all year round- This is good
It rarely rains in Africa - that's bad
There is no snow in Africa, it is impossible to build a slide - this is bad
Etc.
Educator: That's right, well done! Yes, hot countries are countries where it is always hot, snow never falls, but this is not only a desert, in hot countries there are also hot plains - semi-deserts, and fertile tropical steppes, and humid tropical jungle. Now, look at the flower in my hands, it’s not ordinary, why?
Children : colorful petals.
Educator : This flower is magical, with its help we will go on a journey. Look, there is something written on the petals, yes, this is a task that we must cope with. Shall we try? (Yes). If we guess right, we will find out where we will go to travel. First petal.
Task 1. “Write the word”
The children are given letters and they use them to form the word AFRICA.
After the children have completed the task, sound analysis this word.
Educator : Where did we end up?
Children: To Africa
Educator : Well done boys! You guessed right. Do you know Africa is the hottest continent on Earth. - What animals of hot countries do you know?
Children: children's answers.
Educator: let's look at another petal of our magic flower, it says crossword here. What is a crossword?
Children: answers
Educator: everything is correct, let's start solving riddles.
Task 2. “Crossword”
The teacher reads a riddle to the children, then divides each word into syllables.
Puzzles.
1. When you see him, it’s immediately clear:
King of beasts - it’s dangerous to joke.
A menacing look and a menacing roar,
I didn't even trim my mane. (A lion)
Educator : Guys, how is a lion different from a lioness?
Children : Externally, lions differ from lionesses in that the lion has a large fluffy mane, while the lioness does not.
2. At the zoo,
Believe it or not,
Resides
Wonder beast.
He has a hand in his forehead
So similar to a pipe! (Elephant)
Educator : What is this hand in the forehead? Why was the trunk called a hand in the riddle?
Children : With the help of its trunk, the elephant plucks leaves from trees, tears up grass, drinks, and carries very thick logs.
3. He is tall and spotted,
With a long, long neck,
And he eats leaves -
Tree leaves (Giraffe)
Educator :Why does the giraffe look proud and important?
Children : Because he is tall, has a long neck and legs and looks down on everyone.
Educator : He has a long neck and legs. The height of the giraffe is 6 meters, it is the height of a 2-story house, i.e. he can reach the roof of our garden, half of the height is on his neck. Such a long neck allows the giraffe to easily reach the very tops of tall trees, tearing off leaves. Giraffe's front legs are longer hind legs, and the tail is a meter long.
4. There is a huge horn on the nose,
Worn by everyone (Rhinoceros)
5. Very tasty bananas
For lunch at (the monkey's)
6. When the heat subsides,
He will come out of the swamp
And he'll go to dinner
This is life for (a hippopotamus)
7. - Lives in the rivers of Africa
Evil green ship.
Whoever swims towards me,
Will swallow everyone... (crocodile)
8. - All my life I carry two humps,
I have two stomachs!
But every hump is not a hump, it’s a barn!
There's enough food in them for seven days! (camel)
Educator : The camel is called the ship of the desert. Why do you think?
Children : A camel’s movements are smooth, like a ship’s. Camels carry heavy loads and people. These are very strong and resilient animals)
Educator: the following petal with the task:
Task No. 3 Physical education lesson “About animals”
We perform movements based on pictures.
In Africa, giraffes do this! (stretch their neck upward)
Colored parrots with their wings “byak-byak-byak” (flapping their arms)
And the boas in a “clap-clap-clap” knot (gimlet).
And the baby elephants stomp “top-top-top” (stomp).
And their ears clap “clap-clap-clap” (clap).
|
Educator : Well done, you did a great job. And our magic flower gives us another task.
Task No. 4. "Solve the problems"
The problems are read to the children and the answers are shown using counting sticks.
1. The monkey brought it to the elephant
Two bananas.
I made you happy with a gift
Giant.
He had one banana -
Look.
Now how much has everything become -
Tell! (three)
2. On the swing, on the swing
The animals sat down in the zoo.
Five spotted leopards
They smile at the sun.
And with the good old lion
Swinging merrily.
How many animals are there in total? (six)
3. Elephant, female elephant, three baby elephants
They walked in a crowd to a watering hole.
And towards you two tiger cubs
They walked home from the watering hole.
Count quickly
How many animals did you meet? (seven)
4. The crocodile took out the shells.
All shells are like toys.
There were six shells in all.
The crocodile started playing
And suddenly he swallowed one.
How many shells are there? (five)
Educator : There are still petals on our flower, let's see what the task is.
Task No. 5 “What does it look like”
Game using TRIZ technology
Educator: I will name an object, and you name objects similar to it.
Educator : What's the mane like?
Children: for a wig, for a fur collar, for a fur coat, for a fox
Educator:
what does the tail look like?
What does the sun look like?
What does sand look like?
What does a palm tree look like?
Educator: You’re all great, but we still have some petals left. Let's see.
Task 6. Game "Guess who!"
The teacher names the signs of the animal, by which the child must guess who he is talking about.
Stomps like... an elephant
Runs like... a horse
Writhes like... a snake
Hardy like... a camel
Thick as... a hippopotamus
Slow as... a turtle
Repeats like... a parrot
Grimaces like... a monkey
Shaggy like... a lion
Educator: here is the last petal left.
Task No. 7. "Decorate the animal"
Silhouettes of animals from hot countries have been prepared for children.
Guys, today we will decorate the animals of Africa. Think about what materials you will need? What methods do you know? (Cutting, plastinography, appliqué with balls and flagella).
(Music plays.) Children take the materials they need and get to work. The teacher helps with advice, provides support and assistance as needed.
Lesson notes in preparatory preschool educational institution group"Animals of hot countries"
Integration of educational areas: speech development, social and communicative development, cognitive development, artistic and aesthetic development.Program content: Expand children's understanding of appearance, life, habits of animals;
Continue to develop monologue speech(compose a story-description about animals according to diagrams);
Develop dialogical speech, consolidate the use of various grammatical structures in speech statements;
Foster curiosity and an interest in diversity natural world, desire to help those who need it.
Methods and techniques: visual (examination of paintings, illustrations), practical (game, independent work children), verbal (conversation).
Equipment: pictures depicting animals of hot countries, individual mnemonic tables, Smart board, laptops with additional video material.
Dictionary: activation of the dictionary on the topic
Progress of educational activities
A new day has come. Guys, hold hands, look at each other, smile and think: how good it is that we are all here together today. We are calm, kind, friendly and affectionate. We are all healthy!
Today in class we will talk about Africa and its diversity of fauna.
This is a map of the world. Continents are depicted on it. Continents are very large areas of land located on our planet and surrounded on all sides by water, that is, seas and oceans.
There are 6 continents on Earth: Eurasia, Africa, North America, South America, Australia and Antarctica.
Today we are interested in Africa. Africa is the second largest continent, after Eurasia. Africa is the hottest continent on the planet. It rarely rains there, so most Africa is occupied by savannas and deserts, which are home to a wide variety of animals: giraffes, zebras, lions, elephants, hippos, monkeys, and many crocodiles live in the rivers of Africa.
In general, Africa is a very interesting continent...
What is this? (Message from Computer)
Guys, did you understand the Computer's task?
All research in the field of the animal world is carried out by zoologists. In our research institute We will study animals.
So, I will be a senior researcher, and you will be a junior researcher. (Recruitment of employees, presentation of badges).
Dear expedition staff, I invite you to the department, where you will receive your first instructions.
You have received a dossier for each animal. Need to collect Additional information. Go to the tables and determine what animals you have, what color they are, what they eat, where they live.
I also have an animal, for whose placement I will be responsible.
Please go to the office. Do you think you completed the task? Additional information can be collected to make it more complete. To do this we will work with computers. (3 for computers, 3 for dynamic pause, then change children).
Dynamic pause.
We're going to the zoo
Everyone is happy to be there! (Walking)
There are bears and penguins,
Parrots and peacocks,
There are giraffes and elephants,
Monkeys, tigers, lions (Turns left and right with arms outstretched)
We all have fun playing
And we perform the movements
Putting paw to paw,
Keeping up with each other,
The penguins walked together in a row,
Like a small squad.
The bear shakes his head
He invites you to visit him,
So the evening comes,
Our zoo is falling asleep,
Falls asleep until morning
It's time for us to go home.
Game "Name the Cubs".
While we were working, several video messages arrived from the Computer.
Let's go to the department to review the material.
“Recording” information on the microphone.
- We have finished our work on collecting information about animals for the computer database.
- What did you like most?
- You are all great! Lift up right hand, now left and clap each other for our work.
FULL NAME. Paklyashova Anna Vasilievna
Position: Speech therapist teacher
Place of work: Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution
"Kindergarten No. 5 of a general developmental type" Babaevo
Summary of a speech therapy lesson in a preparatory group for children with special needs on the topic “Animals of hot countries.”
Tasks:
Clarification and updating of the dictionary on the topic “Animals of hot countries”
Improving the grammatical structure of speech (formation of possessive adjectives)
The use of prepositions in speech: from, because of, on, with, to, in, under, from under
Propagation of a proposal by peer members
Use of IP in R.p. plural (“many who?”)
Development of coherent speech
Development of speech hearing, phonemic perception
Development of fine motor skills, coordination of speech with movement
Cultivating goodwill, cooperation skills, independence, activity, initiative
Solving problem situations (research activities)
Equipment: animal figures, recording of the sounds of the jungle and the voices of animals in hot countries, a picture “Who’s behind the tree?”, sheets of paper with a picture of a camel, pencils, a container with sand, sticks, foam rubber.
Progress of the lesson:
1. Organizational moment.
Children: I heard the roar of a tiger and a leopard. I heard the voice of a monkey.
Speech therapist: Who do you think we will talk about today?
Children: Today we will talk about animals of hot countries.
Speech therapist: Let's remember, what kind of hot countries are these?
Children: This is a desert where it is very warm, where the sun always shines, a lot of sand and little water.
Speech therapist: That's right, guys! In hot countries it is always hot, the temperature even in winter is + 20 degrees, there is very little precipitation, there is no snow, but this is not only sandy desert, there are also semi-deserts, steppes and jungles.
Speech therapist: Guys, the animals found out that you are going to school soon, which means you should know a lot of things, they decided to test your knowledge and prepared tasks for you.
Are you ready to show off your knowledge? Can you cope with the tasks? (Children's answers.)
2. Sound analysis of the word.
Speech therapist: Someone came to our lesson. Guess who it is.
I will show the pictures, and you will highlight the first sound in the names of these pictures and make up a word from these sounds: sun, lamp, donkey, knife.
Children: Elephant.
Speech therapist: That's right, guys. Tell me, what kind of elephant is it?
Children: Big.
Speech therapist: And what else?
Children: Large pachyderm elephant.
3. Drawing up proposals based on this sample.
Speech therapist: The elephant could not come alone without his friends. From all the animals, choose only those that live in hot countries (Figures of different animals are placed on the table. Children come to the table and choose only animals from hot countries).
Speech therapist: Now tell me who you found.
For example: I found a huge thick-skinned elephant.
Children: I found a huge thick-skinned rhinoceros, a fast, agile leopard, and a green, toothy crocodile.
Speech therapist: Do you think Vera composed the sentence correctly? (Children's answers.)
4. “Tell me which one?” (formation of complex words).
Speech therapist: I throw the ball and name the words, and from these words you must form a complex word that answers the question “Which?”
Speech therapist: If a rhinoceros has short legs, what kind of rhinoceros is it?
Children: Short-haired.
Speech therapist: Short tail, sharp teeth, big head etc.
5. “Let’s populate the savannah (jungle)” .
Speech therapist: Guys, let's house our animals.
Dasha, put the lion behind the tree. Where is the lion?
Children: Behind the tree.
Speech therapist: Where does the lion come from?
Children: Because of the tree.
Speech therapist: Diana, put the crocodile in the water. Where is the crocodile peeking out from?
Children: From the water.
Speech therapist: A monkey on a tree, an elephant between a tree and water, a giraffe near a tree, a zebra under a tree, a hippopotamus under water, etc.
6. “A lot of people?”
Speech therapist: Guys, there are so many animals. How do we say with the word “a lot of" about a lion?
Children: Lots of lions. Etc. with other animals.
7. Physical education minute .
Speech therapist: What two groups can animals be divided into? Where do these animals live?
Children: In the savannah, in the jungle.
Speech therapist: What do predators eat?
Children: Other animals.
Speech therapist: What do herbivores eat?
Children: Tree leaves, grass, roots.
Speech therapist: If I call a herbivore, you squat, and if it’s a carnivore, you stand up.
8. “Who is attentive?”
Speech therapist: Animals need to be very attentive, focused, vigilant to surrounding sounds. Let's see how attentive you are. Remember the animals whose names begin with a hard consonant sound.
Children: Elephant, crocodile, giraffe, rhinoceros.
Speech therapist: Now name the animals whose names begin with a soft consonant.
Children: Hippopotamus, tiger, zebra, leopard.
Speech therapist: Well done! You are very attentive.
9. “Find mom.”
Speech therapist: Guys, while we were playing, the zebras got their children mixed up. Let's help the kids find their mothers?
Children: Yes.
Speech therapist: How do you find out who has what kind of mother? (Children's answers).
Speech therapist: You know that each such horse has its own striped pattern, it is by this that foals recognize their mothers in a large herd (there is not a single repeating pattern).
Children use the picture given to them to find zebra mothers.
10. Physical education minute.
Let's go kids for a walk
And their mothers have to catch up,
Giraffes - run,
Turtles - on foot,
And the zebras galloped
And at the end of the road they fell. (Perform appropriate movements).
11. “Who’s behind the tree?” (formation of possessive adjectives).
Speech therapist: While we were playing, the animals hid behind a tree. Tell me what you see. Build a sentence with wordsbecause .
Children: There is a lion hiding behind the tree, because I see a lion’s mane, a crocodile’s tail, a tiger’s body, elephant ears, etc.
Speech therapist: Well done, guys! You are very vigilant and attentive.
12. Experiment with sand.
Speech therapist: Guys, look, someone’s footprints? Where do you think this place is?
Children: This is a desert.
Speech therapist: Guys, tell me, who lives in the desert?
Children: Camel, lizards, snakes.
Speech therapist: It’s hot in the desert, but the camel has thick hair? Why do you think?
Children: A camel's fur is thick, so it protects it from sunburn.
Speech therapist: Guys, look, the camel is big, and when it walks on the sand, its legs don’t sink. Why do you think?
How can we find out? What do we need to know? (Children's answers.)
Speech therapist: Let's do an experiment and see how a camel's leg works.
(Children conduct an experiment and come to the conclusion that a camel’s leg is wide).
Speech therapist: What do you guys think, why does a camel walk barefoot and not burn its feet, because the sand is very hot? (Children's answers).
Speech therapist: And all because a camel has very thick, hard skin on its foot, resembling a callus (callous pad). This is why camels are sometimes called calloused camels.
13. Finger gymnastics “For Mom” (“Su-Jok”).
A baby elephant walks behind the mother elephant,(Put the ring on your fingers one by one,
Behind the crocodile is a baby crocodile, starting with the little finger of the right hand).
A little lion cub follows the lioness,
A baby camel runs after a camel,
A striped zebra is hurrying after the zebra,
Who is every child in a hurry to follow?(Roll Su-Jok between palms).
14. “Who is faster and more accurate?” (Children shade the image of a camel.)
Speech therapist: Draw a green circle if the task is completed carefully, the lines are straight and do not go beyond the boundaries of the picture. Draw a yellow circle if some lines go beyond the boundaries of the picture; red circle if the lines are uneven and go beyond the edges of the picture (evaluate each other).
15. Lesson summary .
Speech therapist: Guys, you have completed all the tasks. Was it difficult? What were we doing? What new did you learn? Who did you help? How did this happen? (Children's answers).
Program content n n n Explain to children what we mean by the words “hot countries”. Introduce the hottest continent – Africa. To form ideas about the relationships, interactions and interdependence of living organisms with their environment. Enrichment and activation of vocabulary on the topic of the lesson. To instill in children a love of nature, to develop curiosity, the desire to study nature and the living inhabitants of the Earth.
Deserts n Deserts nya - natural area characterized by a flat surface, sparseness or absence of flora and specific fauna. There are sandy, rocky, clayey, and saline deserts. Deserts of Asia, Africa, Australia, North America located at an altitude of 200 -600 and even 1000 meters above sea level. Desert air, having extremely low humidity, practically does not protect the soil surface from solar radiation. Normal temperature+ 50 °C. At night, the temperature is much lower, since the heated soil quickly loses heat (the weather in the desert is almost always clear, and at night after a hot day even frosts are sometimes possible). Deserts are characterized by fast-moving animals, which is associated with the search for water and food, as well as with protection from pursuit by predators (there are no shelters). Due to the need for shelter from enemies and harsh climatic conditions A number of animals have highly developed devices for digging in the sand (brushes made of elongated elastic hair, spines and bristles on the legs, which serve for raking and throwing away sand; incisors, as well as sharp claws on the front paws - in rodents). They build underground shelters, burrows (gerbils, gophers), or are able to quickly burrow into loose sand (round-headed lizards, some insects). There are fast running forms (especially ungulates - camels, donkeys, antelopes). Many desert reptiles (lizards and snakes) are also capable of moving very quickly. The fauna of deserts is characterized by a protective “desert” coloration. Most of the desert fauna lives in summer night image life. Some hibernate.
Savannas are a natural area that is found mainly in the subtropics and tropics. The most important feature of this strip is the humid seasonal climate with pronounced alternations between dry and rainy seasons. The most large area savannas are located in Africa (about 40% of the area). Smaller areas of the zone are located in South America (on the Brazilian Plateau and in the Orinoco River Valley), in the east and north of Asia (Indochina Peninsula, Deccan Plateau, Indo-Gangetic Plain), as well as in Australia. In the savannah South America There are armadillos, ocelots, Pampas deer, Magellan cats, beavers, Pampas cats, rheas and others. Of the rodents, the tuco-tuco and viscacha live here. Many areas of the savanna suffer from locust infestations. There are also many snakes and lizards here. . In the Australian savannah you can find many marsupial rodents: moles, rats, wombats, and anteaters. The echidna lives in the bushes. The emu, a variety of lizards and snakes can also be seen in these regions. The African savannah world is represented by the following animals: zebras, giraffes, antelopes, rhinoceroses, elephants, leopards, hyenas, lions and others. Shrouds
n Tropical forests grow near the equator. It's very hot and humid here. Annual quantity precipitation is 20 times more than in forests temperate zone. During a year average temperature air 24-28°C. Abundance of heat and moisture - here main reason the fabulous wealth and diversity of plants and animals in the tropical rainforest. The weather here is amazingly constant. Before sunrise, the forest is quite cool and quiet, the sky is cloudless. The sun rises and the temperature begins to rise. By noon the heat sets in and the air becomes suffocating. Two or three hours later, clouds appear in the sky, lightning flashes, deafening rumbles of thunder shake the air and rain begins. The water flows as if in a continuous stream. Tree branches break and fall under its weight. Rivers overflow their banks. The rain usually lasts no more than an hour. Before sunset, the sky clears, the wind subsides, and soon the forest plunges into the darkness of night, which sets in quickly, almost without twilight. Tropical rainforest is multi-tiered, evergreen, extremely rich in the number of plant species. In the wilds tropical forest Various animals live. From giant elephants, rhinoceroses, hippos to barely noticeable insects - everyone finds shelter and food here. This is where most monkeys live, including apes. In tropical forests rich in water, along with various reptiles (crocodiles, turtles, lizards, snakes), many amphibians (frogs) are found. There are a lot of different ants in the tropics. Abundance plant food attracts many herbivorous animals to tropical forests. They, in turn, are followed by predators: leopards (panthers), jaguars, tigers, cheetahs, ocelots. The striped or spotted coloring of many inhabitants, although it seems very bright and noticeable, actually helps the animals hide in the twilight of the lower tiers of the tropical forest, penetrated here and there by sunlight. Jungle
Diversity of flora and fauna tropical forests. Of the birds, there are more than 150 species of parrots alone. Toucan - inhabitant of tropical forest crowns
Monkeys are four-armed mammals, closest to humans in body structure. White-handed hibon. Crab-eater macaque.
The fauna of the crowns of tropical rainforests is especially rich. The koala has a narrow food specialization - it feeds almost exclusively on shoots and leaves of certain types of eucalyptus. Sloth - long claws and limbs - adaptations to life in trees
The elephant is the largest land animal on Earth. The elephant is an intelligent and peaceful animal. They have an ear for music and are able to distinguish the melody of their three notes. These animals are domesticated by humans and help them transport and lift heavy loads.
Elephants live in groups of female elephants and baby elephants. They greet each other by stroking or hugging their trunks. If the younger members of the group are guilty, then the older animals punish them with blows of the trunk or legs, pushing them.
Elephants feed on grass, leaves, tree bark and various fruits. Their trunk helps them with this. Elephants have a good memory, which helps them find the location of their group when they fall behind. The elephant's large ears serve to cool the body, because they live in hot countries in Africa and Asia. Elephants swim very well, but cannot jump at all. Elephants douse themselves in mud, but not because they love mud. The dried mud crust serves as protection against insects.
The giraffe is the tallest land animal on our planet. Some animals reach up to 6 meters in height. The giraffe's fur pattern consists of dark spots on a light base color. Each giraffe has its own unique pattern, just like human fingerprints. Giraffes have good vision, hearing and smell, which allows them to notice danger in advance.
Giraffes can run very fast, just like horses. But usually they walk slowly, moving both right and then both left legs at the same time. Due to its heavy weight and thin legs they can only walk on hard surfaces. It is also noteworthy that these seemingly clumsy animals can jump high, overcoming barriers up to the height of an adult.
It is known that at first, giraffes had short necks, but then they began to lengthen their necks to make it easier for the animals to get food. Giraffes feed on tree branches and leaves. They live alone or in small herds. Due to their size, these animals have few enemies, and defend themselves from few predators with blows from their front hooves.
The common hippopotamus or hippopotamus is one of the largest animals on Earth. Feature This animal has a semi-aquatic lifestyle; it spends most of its time in water, coming onto land only at night or for a few hours of the day to feed. Hippopotamuses rank second in terms of body weight after elephants.
Hippopotamus has special structure eyes, ears and nostrils, thanks to which he can breathe, look and listen while remaining almost completely under water. Despite their sedentary lifestyle, hippos run fast and swim very well. Hippos live in small groups. They communicate with each other by roaring or grunting. Hippos eat grass.
Hippopotamus skin may be different color: Brown to grayish-purple, and these animals are almost completely hairless. To protect their exposed skin, hippos produce a special type of red sweat that protects them from the scorching rays of the sun, repels insects and even acts as a healing ointment. The hippopotamus is a very dangerous animal. It is called the most dangerous animal in Africa; in terms of the number of attacks on people, it is more dangerous to humans than a lion or tiger.
White Rhinoceros hallmark Modern rhinoceroses have horns on their noses. Despite their hardness, the horns are not made of bone tissue, and from concentrated keratin - a protein that is also present in the hair. Rhinoceroses have a massive body and short, thick limbs. Each of them has three fingers, ending in wide hooves. The skin is thick with a gray or brown color. Rhinoceroses have poor eyesight, however, this deficiency is compensated by a sophisticated sense of smell and excellent hearing. Rhinoceroses live alone, but in savannas they can also unite in small groups. The female gives birth to one cub, which remains with the mother for two and a half years. If during this time another one is born, then the older one is expelled by the mother at least for a while.
The cat is a family of mammals from the order Carnivora. The most specialized of predators, adapted to obtaining animal food by sneaking, stalking, and, less often, stalking. Jaguar Cheetah
The tiger is the largest and heaviest of the wild cats. Tiger translated from the ancient language means sharp, fast. Tigers live not only in hot countries, for example Amur tigers live in our country Far East. There are nine known species of tigers. They all differ from each other in size and fur color. For example Bengali white tiger very different from its saffron milk brethren. Interestingly, it is impossible to meet two tigers with the same stripes. The striped tiger pattern contains up to 100 stripes. Moreover, a tiger has striped not only fur, but also skin.
Adult tigers lead a solitary lifestyle, each of them has their own territory, which they carefully guard. Tigers are carnivorous animals and feed on the meat of hunted animals, and they can go without food for about a week. The fangs of tigers reach 7 centimeters. During a hunt, a tiger can jump to a height of up to 5 meters and a length of up to 10 meters, and they are also excellent swimmers, although they do not really like to swim. These predators hunt only when they are hungry, and if they do not want to eat, then herds of antelope can calmly graze next to them.
Due to human hunting of tigers, the number of these wild cats has greatly decreased. And now the tiger is under international protection and is listed in the Red Book.
Lion is the king of the animals. It is the second largest predator after tigers. Since ancient times, the lion has been a symbol of bravery, courage and bravery. The lion's color is yellow-gray with various shades, the mane is usually the same color, but can also be black. It is very easy to distinguish a lion from a lioness by its mane. Like tigers, there are 8 known species of lions. Moreover, it is impossible to find lions with the same muzzles; each lion has its own muzzle.
Lions live in small groups - prides. Each pride lives on its own territory and guards its borders. Lions are very friendly to their pride relatives and when they meet, they gently rub their muzzles as a greeting. Only lionesses hunt in a pride, and they hunt in groups and then are the first to share the prey. Like all predators, lions feed on the meat of animals caught in hunts. But just like tigers, they hunt only when they are hungry.
Lionesses are very good mothers. When the mother is hunting, other lionesses will feed her cubs. Lion cubs are born small and blind. And until they are two years old they cannot growl at all. Leos love to sleep and sleep approximately 20 hours a day. The number of this type of cat is rapidly declining and to protect them, people are creating special reserves where lion hunting is prohibited.
Camels behave in a peculiar way with humans: even when tamed, they do not allow themselves to be manipulated. If a camel lies down to rest, then it is almost impossible to force it to get up - an animal as stubborn as a donkey will not stand on ceremony with the offender. Depending on how much the person bothers him, the camel will either spit, or roar, or even kick and bite - but he will not do what is required if he is not in the mood. Bactrian - bactrian camel, living in Mongolia and Western China. Dromedar, also known as jemmel, is a “one-humped” camel. Slender in appearance, and widespread in North Africa, India and the Middle East.
How do camels survive drought? n n First of all, we need to clarify what is in the humps of camels: this, of course, is not water - but adipose tissue, which performs the function of an energy “storage room”. It is thanks to these reserves that animals can go without food for almost a month - then the humps decrease in size and hang to the side. In addition, these humps help camels regulate heat exchange, since the temperature of the rest of the body is much higher: from 34 degrees Celsius at night to 41 degrees during the day, and they begin to sweat only after exceeding this mark. At night, when it becomes very cold in the desert, the humps serve as “heaters” for their owners. It is known that camels can drink up to 100 liters of water at a time, and without special attention on its quality - in the desert any moisture, even stagnant moisture, is valuable. So where does it go if not into the humps? “These reserves are stored in the gastric compartments of camels, and are removed from there as needed, just like gasoline from a car tank. Desert inhabitants extract part of the water from thorns, which they eat. A camel loses up to 40% of its body weight until it replenishes its reserves. What happens when the water supply in the stomach runs out? – A new “trump card” of wise animals begins to operate: their red blood cells (and only theirs) have oval shape, and when the blood becomes thick during dehydration, they still do not lose the ability to flow. Thus, the limit for camels is 25% of fluid loss in the body, while for other mammals and humans this mark does not exceed 15% - our round blood cells collide with each other, forming blood clots. But this is not all the tricks of camels! For example, their unique nostrils can not only close completely when necessary, but their eyes can also be long thick eyelashes(during sandstorms), but also due to their shape they retain water vapor and return condensation to the body! The thick fur of nomadic animals reflects well sunlight- this protects the body from the scorching sun. Camels have calloused structures on their feet that allow them to lie on hot sand. Well, as a final touch, we note: the camel’s body saves water so strictly that the Bedouins use their completely dry excrement as fuel.
The donkey has hooves adapted to rocky and uneven surfaces. They help you move more safely, but are not suitable for fast jumping. However, in some cases, a donkey can reach speeds of up to 70 km/h. Donkeys come from countries with arid climates. Their hooves do not tolerate the humid European climate well and often form deep cracks and holes in which pockets of rot are hidden. Caring for donkeys' hooves is therefore extremely important. n Donkey - close relative horse, but differs from it in its small stature, long ears, color (most often gray) and its famous cry “Eey!” . Today, wild donkeys have virtually disappeared. Currently, two subspecies of the wild ass still survive in small numbers in the wild, mainly in the hills along the Red Sea coast, in the extremely dry and rocky areas of Somalia, Eritrea, Northern Ethiopia and in the Asian steppes near the Caspian Sea. This is the Somali and Nubian wild ass. Wild donkeys live in herds that consist of 15 donkeys and the leader of the herd - a stud donkey. There are approximately 2,300 wild asses left in Africa (Ethiopia and Somalia). Competition with domestic animals for the few pastures limits their survival. The donkey does not like water and therefore becomes stubborn if forced to cross a stream of water. Hence the saying - stubborn as a donkey. Donkeys are herbivores. Donkey height - from 80 cm to 1.60 m. Weight - 80 - 480 kg. Life expectancy is from 30 to 50 years in captivity and from 10 to 25 years in the wild. A donkey usually gives birth to 1 foal. Donkey milk is very close in composition to the milk of a nursing mother. Therefore, it is an ideal substitute for human milk for infants.
There is a great variety of animals on our planet Earth. Each type has its own characteristics and differences. They all obey the laws of nature and everyone makes their contribution. Man, as the only intelligent animal on Earth, is responsible for our smaller brothers. By creating special reserves, zoos and issuing laws to protect wildlife. Let's love and take care of our nature!!!