Connective tissue presentation. Connective tissues with special properties. bone cells

“Painting on fabric” - Stitching fabric (tritik). Knotted batik. Technology. We start painting with lighter surfaces. The contours of the pattern and individual sections are covered with a hot reserve. SEWING THE FABRIC (tritik). Fabric preparation: Drawing preparation: Features of cold batik. Before work, the fabric must be washed (with laundry soap.

"Fabric appliqué" - Depicting a pattern or ornament. I wish you a happy journey in the world of patchwork colors! Fairy tales, stories ... And now a few recommendations! Safety precautions when working with scissors. Plot: I. Handle scissors very carefully. Applications are: Decorative: Carefully work with white and black flaps.

"Human tissues" - A living cell in a bone gap. Adipose tissue. Human skin. The intercellular substance of the bone. Large bony canal with blood vessels and nerves. Work order: Table. Human blood. The epithelium of the mammary gland. The epithelium of the mammary gland includes cubic-shaped cells that secrete milk. The cells of the lowest layer (left) are dividing, renewing the tissue.

"Tissue biology" - Lesson objectives. Lesson on the topic: "Tissues" biology Grade 8. The cells are small, closely adjacent to each other, there is little intercellular substance. Cells are large and loosely arranged. List the types of connective tissue. Muscle. Functions of nervous tissue. epithelial tissue. There is an intercellular substance. Neuroglia.

"Types of fabrics" - Finishing materials. The color of the skin can be natural and dyed. Gasket materials: interlining, synthetic winterizer, dublerin, bortovka. Interlining materials serve to stiffen the parts of a garment. Assortment of lining materials. Lace, bias trim, piping, soutache. Non-woven, insulating, cushioning and finishing materials.

"Properties of fabrics" - What affects the strength and crease of the fabric? The property of fabric to crumble when cutting. Physical and mechanical properties of tissues. The property of fabric to wrinkle. Technological properties of fabrics. What are the hygienic properties? Hygienic properties of fabrics. The property of fabric to retain heat. The process of creating clothes is very complex and multifaceted.

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Slides captions:

Production and properties of fabrics from chemical fibers.

Insert the following terms into the chart: Wool natural fibers animal origin cotton silk vegetable origin linen

natural fibers of plant origin linen wool animal silk cotton

Solve anagrams, determine the group of fibers and find the “extra” word: a) nel resh polkhok b) srtshe hkolpo kelsh linen wool cotton wool cotton silk

Set up the fabric manufacturing process chain: spinning yarn weaving gray fabric finishing dyed printed fabric fiber preparation purified fiber fiber preparation spinning weaving finishing

What are the properties of these fibers?

Properties of fabrics Physical and mechanical properties: Creasing Strength Drapeability Hygienic properties: Hygroscopicity Heat-shielding properties Air permeability Technological properties: Flaking Shrinkage

Manufacture of rayon (video can be downloaded at https://yadi.sk/i/yDKd1RQja87f4)

Chemical fibers Artificial Viscose Acetate Synthetic Nylon Lavsan Nitron

Technological sequence for the manufacture of fibers and fabrics from chemical fibers spruce chips cotton waste dissolution, obtaining a liquid, viscous mass of cellulose Procurement of raw materials or artificial fibers synthetic fibers oil coal preparation of raw materials for the formation of fibers creation from simple substances - complex with desired properties (synthesis)

the formation of fibers from the solution, by squeezing it through the holes of the spinneret

Weaving (obtaining fabric from fibers)

Fabric finishing (dyeing or printing a pattern on fabric, imparting certain properties, such as water repellency, etc.)

Technological sequence for obtaining fabric from chemical fibers Procurement of raw materials (waste wood or oil) Preparation of raw materials for obtaining fibers: Dissolution, obtaining a liquid, viscous mass or combination into complex substances Forming fibers from a solution Weaving Finishing

Properties of fabrics made of chemical fibers fiber Properties of fabrics strength (including wet loss) creasing drape hygroscopicity shrinkage viscose acetate nylon nitron

Beautiful appearance high hygroscopicity hypoallergenic when added to natural fibers give them softness - loss of strength when wet crumbling expansion in the seams wrinkling high shrinkage Properties of viscose fabrics

Properties of acetate fabrics + beautiful, smooth, reminiscent of silk in appearance drape well and retain their shape soft and light, low wrinkling strength - loss of strength when wet low air permeability and hygroscopicity difficult to wet-heat treatment electrified high shrinkage

Nylon + the most resistant to tearing and abrasion low shrinkage non-creasing - sliding thread shedding thread separation low hygroscopicity poor air permeability

nitron + looks like wool high heat-shielding properties when added to natural fibers gives strength and wrinkle resistance to fabrics - strong shrinkage when wetting flaking

Laboratory - practical work "Determination of the raw material composition"

Signs of determining the type of fabric Sign natural silk rayon synthetic silk viscose kapron wrinkle-small large wrinkle strength change in the wet state does not change decreases does not change the burning of threads burns badly, black cake, the smell of horn or feather burns well, gray ash, smell of burnt paper melts to form a solid ball

Sign of fabric sample No. 1 sample No. 2 sample No. 3 wrinkle change in strength in the wet state burning raw material composition

Care of products made of artificial and synthetic fabrics Artificial silk fabrics are ironed at t 160-200 degrees. Can be washed at t not higher than 40 degrees, can not be twisted. Synthetic fabrics are ironed at t 130-130 degrees. They must be washed without friction, at t not higher than 50 degrees.

Technology teacher: Baktygalieva Nadezhda Rakhmetovna

• Mechanical

• Physical

• Technological

creasing

strength

• Mechanical properties

drape

• Strength is the ability of a fabric to resist tearing. This is one of the important properties that affect the quality of the fabric. The strength of the fabric depends on the strength of the fibers, the structure of the yarn and fabric, and the nature of the finish of the fabric.
• Synthetic fibers are the most durable. Bleaching, dyeing lead to some loss of strength
• Wrinkle- this is the ability of the tissue during compression and pressure on it to form small wrinkles and folds. Crease depends on the properties of the fibers, the type of yarn and fabric, and the nature of the finishing of the fabrics.
• - this is the ability of the fabric, when it hangs, to fall in soft rounded folds. It is no coincidence that curtains and curtains on the windows are called draperies.

Strength

Fabric resistance

To the effects of the sun rays

STRETCHING

TO FRICTION

TO WASH

Wrinkle

The property of fabric to wrinkle

Soft fabrics made of natural silk and some woolen fabrics drape well. Rigid, dense cotton and linen fabrics drape worse. Artificial leather and suede, fabrics from complex nylon threads and mono nylon, from wool with lavsan, dense fabrics from twisted yarn and fabrics with a large number of metal threads have significant stiffness.

Fabrics made of natural silk, woolen fabrics of crepe weaves and soft overcoat woolen fabrics have good drapeability. Fabrics made from plant fibers - cotton and especially linen - have less drape than wool and silk.

dust capacity

hygroscopicity

• Physical Properties

thermal protection

• Thermal properties - This is the ability of a fabric to retain the heat of the human body. Heat-shielding properties depend on the fibrous composition, thickness, density and type of finish. Dust capacity is the ability of a fabric to retain dust and other contaminants. Dust capacity depends on the fiber composition, structure and finish of the fabric. Hygroscopicity – This is the property of a fabric to absorb moisture released by the human body and release it into the environment. Breathability- the ability to pass air - depends on the fibrous composition, density and finish of the fabric. Low-density fabrics have good breathability.

THE PROPERTY OF THE FABRIC TO KEEP DUST ON ITS SURFACE

FABRIC PROPERTIES

STORAGE HEAT

EXHAUSTED BY THE HUMAN BODY

shrinkage

crumbling

• Technological

slip

Slip can occur when cutting and grinding fabrics. The slip depends on the smoothness of the threads used in weaving and on the type of weave. Pinching the fabric, holding something or someone can help here. Or laying out something small, non-voluminous, but heavy, on top of the table corners. shattering fabric lies in the fact that the threads are not held along the open sections of the material and slip out, crumble, forming a fringe. It depends on the type of yarn and weave, as well as the density and finish of the fabric. Shrinkage It is a reduction in the size of the fabric under the influence of heat and moisture. For example, you iron a damp fabric and it shrinks. The fabric may shrink when washed. Shrinkage is dependent on fiber composition, build and finish.

Classification of connective tissuesConnective
the cloth
Actually
connective
Skeletal
With special
properties
fibrous
cartilaginous
loose
Reticular
elastic
cartilage
dense
fatty
Hyaline
cartilage
unformed
Pigmentary
decorated
Mucous
Fibrous
cartilage
Bone
Rough
fibrous
lamellar

Connective tissue classification

Actually
connective
fabric (fig.25)
Skeletal
fabric (fig. 26 28)

Connective tissue proper

fibrous
loose
fibrous
dense
fibrous
With special
properties
Reticular
fatty
Pigmentary

Fibrous loose connective tissue

Accompanies blood vessels
forms the stroma of many organs;
Functions: supporting, trophic, exchange
substances between blood and other
fabrics;
Has fewer fibers
but a wide variety
cells and the main amorphous substance;
Basic amorphous substance
is a colloidal solution
7

Dense fibrous connective tissue

1.
2.
Contains a large amount of dense
located fibers;
Basic amorphous substance and cells
there is little in it;
There are 2 types:
Dense unformed fibrous tissue (forms
skin base). Contains collagen and elastic fibers
intertwined and go in different directions
densely shaped fibrous tissue (tendons,
ligaments, fascia, etc.). The fibers are tightly attached to each other.
friend and have a certain direction

Connective tissue functions:

Mechanical, support,
shaping (bones, cartilage,
tendons)
Protective (bones, cartilage -
mechanical protection; chemical
protection - blood (immunity))
Trophic (fatty)
Plastic (regeneration and
wound healing)

A distinctive feature of connective tissue is

Well expressed intercellular substance,
consisting of the main amorphous
substances and special fibers

Proper connective tissue with special properties

Characterized by the predominance
homogeneous cells
fatty
Pigmentary
Reticular
Mucous

Adipose - an accumulation of fat cells
(omentum, subcutaneous fat layer, on
mesentery of the intestine, etc.)
Pigmentary - contains a lot of pigment
cells - melanocytes (birthmarks,
areas of skin in the area of ​​the nipples, vascular
shell and iris)
Reticular - contains reticular
fibers and reticular cells with processes,
that form a network. (Bone marrow,
lymph nodes, spleen, kidneys, etc.).
Cells are able to transform into others
types of cells (macrophages, hematopoietic, etc.)

Skeletal tissue

1. Cartilaginous
Hyaline
cartilage
elastic
cartilage
Fibrous
cartilage
2. Bone

cartilage tissue

Composed of cartilage cells (chondrocytes)
located in groups of 2-3 cells,
ground substance and fibers
Types of cartilage tissue:
Hyaline cartilage (cartilage of joints, ribs,
trachea, bronchi). Contains collagen
fiber
Elastic cartilage (auditory tube, cartilage
auricle, epiglottis, etc.).
Contains collagen and elastic
fiber
Fibrous cartilage (intervertebral discs,
pubic symphysis, some joints).
Contains collagen fibers

bone cells

Osteoblasts are young cells
forming bone tissue.
Found in recovery areas
bone tissue and developing bones
Osteocytes are bone cells
formed from osteoblasts.
Lost the ability to divide.
Osteoclasts are large
multinucleated cells involved in
destruction of the bone.
14

Types of bone tissue

1. Coarse fiber (spongy)
Bundles of ossein (collagen)
fibers are located in different
directions. Inherent in embryos
is preserved in the sutures of the skull and in places
tendon attachments to bones
2. Plate
Consists of bony plates
which ossein fibers
arranged in parallel bundles
inside the plates or between them.
Forms the bones of the skeleton.

bone

spongy
lamellar

Connective tissue classification

Connective
the cloth
Actually
connective
Skeletal
With special
properties
fibrous
cartilaginous
loose
Reticular
elastic
cartilage
dense
fatty
Hyaline
cartilage
unformed
Pigmentary
decorated
Mucous
Fibrous
cartilage
Bone
Rough
fibrous
lamellar

nervous tissue

Carries out nervous regulation
bodily functions and their relationship with
external environment
properties of nervous tissue
excitability and conduction
Ectodermal origin
The main cells are neurons and
accessory cells
neuroglia (intercellular substance)

The structure of a neuron

Axon is a long process
neuron
Dendrite - a short process
neuron
Nerve fibers - processes
nerve cells covered
sheaths (myelin,
unmyelinated)
A nerve is a collection of nerve
fibers coated with a common
connective tissue
shell
19

Nerve fiber properties

Excitability - the ability to respond
on the action of the stimulus by changing
physiological properties
Conductivity - ability
excite
Refractory - temporary
decrease in excitability
after arousal

White matter is a collection of axons.
Performs a conductive function
Gray matter is a collection of bodies
neurons and dendrites. Performs
reflex function

Classification of neurons

By function:
Afferent (sensory)
Insertion (intermediate)
Efferent (motor)