The relationship of satin to the person at the bottom is characteristic. The image and characterization of Satin in the play “At the Lower Depths” by Gorky: the role of Satin in the play, materials for composition. Truth makes a man free

February 7, 2014

In the play “At the Bottom,” Gorky wanted to describe the real life of people who descended to the lowest rung of society. To do this, the writer visited shelters, flophouses, and communicated with lost individuals. All of his characters are based on real people whom Gorky met while traveling around Russia. In Moscow at that time there was a Khitrov market, which was a gathering place for beggars, thieves, prostitutes and murderers. It became the prototype of the shelter. In the play, people with different characters and outlooks on life meet under one roof: the trusting Actor, the dreamy Nastya, the terminally ill Anna, the hard-working Klesh, the compassionate Luka, the skeptical Satin. Gorky wrote “At the Lower Depths” to show the life of the lower classes, their hopelessness.

Mistakes of the past and no future

Previously, Satin was a very cheerful and sociable guy, he played on stage, loved to dance, and make people laugh. An intelligent and well-read person could have had a wonderful future, but fate decreed otherwise. While defending his sister, Satin killed a man, for which he went to prison, which crossed out his entire life, because with a criminal record, no one needs him. The hero does not consider himself alive, he simply exists in Kostylev’s rooming house. He got drunk, became addicted to cards, lost interest in life - that’s how Satin ended up at the bottom.

The characterization of Konstantin shows how apathetic and passive he is in life. His main motto is “Do nothing.” This hero was not just thrown to the bottom, he himself came here, ruined life with his own hands. Hiding from everyone, hiding in the basement, playing cards, drinking away money is much more convenient and easier than trying to make your way into the world of normal people, but Konstantin himself wanted to stay at the bottom. The characterization of Satin shows that he is a character with a special philosophy of a “free man”; for him, truth is most important.

Konstantin Satin is the antagonist of Luka, a wanderer who pities all the inhabitants of the shelter and invents his own truth for everyone. The new resident instills in others faith in a better future, although he himself does not believe that life can somehow be changed. Luka promises the Actor to give the address of a free hospital for alcoholics, calms the dying Anna, and supports Nastya’s illusions. He feels sorry for people who find themselves at the bottom for some reason. Satin, whose characteristics reveal him as a sane person, calls everything a “mirage.” It seems that he alone understands the hopelessness of such a life and does not believe the sweet speeches of the wanderer.

Truth makes a man free

From the hero’s speeches and his actions, we can conclude that Satin ended up at the bottom quite by accident. The characterization shows how kind he is at heart, because he loved his sister and was the first to run to protect Natasha. The hero does not accept lies, believing that they humiliate a person’s dignity and make him a slave. Konstantin speaks the right things, but it is so difficult to be strong, brave and independent, because it is much easier to meet Luka and succumb to the temptation to invent an illusory world for yourself. Human weaknesses and what they can lead to are discussed in Gorky’s play “At the Bottom.” Satin (the characterization speaks of him as an intelligent, but skeptical person looking at the world) does not build an illusory world for himself, he would be glad to believe Luke, but he has no hope for a better future.

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The work of A. M. Gorky “At the Lower Depths” stands apart in the writer’s work. The unusual characters who populate the pages of the play are the inhabitants of a damp, dark flophouse. The circumstances of life forced people to lead a miserable life and lose hope.

Past

Brief remarks from the hero introduce the reader to the story of his life. A representative of the middle class, a former telegraph operator, was cheerful and happy. Beloved sister, good friends, decent job. Life was going well. The man loved to sing and dance, was a member of an amateur theater, and dreamed of getting married.

The plans were ruined by a fatal accident. Defending her sister's honor, Satin commits murder.

What followed was a rapid fall down. Four years in prison changed his character: he learned to lie, play cards, and steal. My sister died, my friends turned away. Once freed, he lost everything: his job, his home, his family. He failed to find use for his abilities, gradually sliding to the bottom. The shelter became the only shelter and habitat.

Character

Satin is an unusual person. He is different from the other inhabitants of the basement. The man is educated. He used to love reading books, but now he likes to use unfamiliar foreign words. Deliberate distortion of the sound of clever phrases is bitter self-irony.

Some of the hero's remarks indicate that Satin has his own philosophy of life.

Work, in his opinion, should give pleasure, and not be a means of material well-being.

Satin always tells the truth. Opposes comforting lies. I am sure that the person is worthy of respect. Pity deprives you of freedom and humiliates you.

He is proud, proud, and secretive. He tries to forget the past, the memories of which make him suffer.

Neighbors consider Konstantin angry, insensitive, and rude. In fact, deliberate swagger hides a kind, sympathetic heart. He fondly remembers his sister, tries to save Natasha, understands and justifies Luka’s actions.

The character's fiery speeches remain empty words. He prefers to sit back, get drunk, and quarrel with his neighbors. The circumstances turned out to be stronger, there was no longer any hope of breaking out, of becoming free. Satin realizes the extent of his fall and tries to maintain his human appearance.

With the image of Satin, M. Gorky exposes the unjust structure of the existing social order. People like Satin deserve a different fate.

In the play “At the Bottom,” Maxim Gorky describes the life of the inhabitants of the shelter - people who have fallen to the social bottom. This seemingly simple story is in fact a socio-philosophical drama. The work raises many problems: the meaning of life, the search for truth, faith and disbelief, the humiliating position of man in society, and many others.

One of the tramps - Satin - is a prisoner, a murderer and a cheater. Konstantin Satin was a telegraph operator in his youth; he ended up in a shelter after being released from prison. He was convicted of murder, but, according to him, he stood up for his sister’s honor. At the time of the story, he is approximately 40 years old, he is daring and smart. Satin correctly assesses other heroes: “dumb as bricks,” tries to defend the dignity of other people, to open their eyes to their own capabilities.

There are echoes of humanism in Satin’s life position, and they are revealed in his monologue about man: “Everything is in man, everything is for man!” The hero argues with the wanderer Luke about “comforting” lies and condemns any manifestation of it. Konstantin considers “white lies” unacceptable, because a person has the right to know the truth, whatever it may be.

Satin, of his own free will, sinks to the bottom of life, despises moral values ​​and rejects work: “Man is above satiety!..”. He exclaims: “The rich need honor and conscience, yes!”, thereby helping the night shelters justify their immorality. Satin’s monologues do not correspond to his image, but the hero himself says: “Why can’t a sharper sometimes speak well if decent people...speak like a sharper?” Satin's words often convey the position of Gorky himself, and his image is undoubtedly very important in the play. Also, Satin utters the last terrible line in the work - a reaction to the death of the Actor: “He ruined the song... you fool!”

At the turn of the century, some changes are always expected. They occur not only in the lives of ordinary people, but also in art and literature. The turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries becomes a truly turning point for Russia and for the people.

The writer Maxim Gorky is becoming a new phenomenon for Russian literature. He is the founder of Soviet socialist literature. But long before the advent of the Soviet Union, the writer turned to the pressing issues of his time. This is how his famous play “At the Lower Depths” appears, which received great recognition and was subsequently staged by director Stanislavsky at the Moscow Art Theater.

Essay about Satin

The work “At the Bottom” by Gorky tells us a tragic story, which is based on almost every third life story of an ordinary person of that time. The work reveals amazing images, which in turn reveal the work itself.

You should take a closer look at the image of Satin. Satin - a middle-aged man with very strong atheistic convictions, with which he lived all his life and continues to live. The author describes him as a reasonable person, trying to be optimistic, but has long been disillusioned with life, which for him has lost all its colors and contrasts. He is used to relying only on himself, without placing his problems on others, which is why few of his roommates really know him.

He is also accustomed to despising people who try to deceive others for their benefit, he despises the very idea of ​​lying for the benefit, and at the same time, despising religion and all its followers, arguing that there is no point in hoping for some non-existent forces, the existence of which and it is impossible to prove. It is for this reason that he disagrees with Luke.

In the episode of the conflict with the preacher Luke, the author shows us that Satin is ready to defend his interests and beliefs, since he has repeatedly witnessed that good people suffered due to misinformation. And then he promised himself to tell only the truth, and only what he thought.

Then the author reveals it to us from the opposite side. Although he almost always upsets people with his harsh and hard truth, he can also support them. In one of the episodes, he gives a fiery speech in which he says that only work and perseverance will save a person, and not some promises of salvation of the soul and paradise. He forces his listeners to turn to the voice of reason. He doesn't even blame Luke for his lies, since he understands his situation and accepts it. Through this episode and image, the author tries to convey to us his opinion, which he is doing excellently, since the image was thought out perfectly, and he also perfectly conveys his idea to the reader.

Option 3

Maxim Gorky's play “At the Depths” was significantly different from the literary works of that time. The play shows more than just the lower stratum of society. The main characters of the play are people who cannot even be attributed to this layer. Before writing the play, M. Gorky communicated and studied people who had lost not only their material well-being, but also their humanity. All images are revealed close to real people and their stories. The life destinies of the heroes can evoke compassion, and their habitat can shock. At the bottom you can meet the dreamer Nastya, Anna, who is living out her last days, the skeptic Satin and the worker Luka. All heroes are different, but their common feature remains passivity and acceptance of all life circumstances.

Satin is the main character of the play, he is a man who sank to the bottom. His life wasn't always like this. He was an educated man, read a lot, worked in the theater. But he went to prison for the murder of his sister's rapist. Now he spends all his free time drinking and engaging in card fraud. He is always gloomy and embittered at the whole world. All that remains from my previous life is the ability to express myself beautifully and insert clever words. Satin was significantly different from the other residents of the shelter. It seems that he ended up here absolutely by accident and he lacks the inner core to radically change his life. At heart he is a kind and cheerful person, he loved his sister, but life circumstances changed his appearance. Satin is a skeptic and knows that there is no other future waiting for him. It is convenient for him to be passive and not expect anything from life.

Satin's monologues are captivating; he talks about truth, goodness and man. Gorky himself writes that there is no longer a hero in the play who could say this. The image of Satin plays an important role; it expresses the author’s position. And it seems to complement the other characters of the early works. The consonance with Satan is not accidental. Satin does not allow other heroes to throw off the shackles of poverty and start a new life. He is a free person and feels like this only at the bottom of society, because he despises work and social shackles. Satin is a bright personality, even in the conditions in which he finds himself, he stands out and has his own position in life, knows how to analyze and draw conclusions. This became the reason for a new position in life - skepticism. Therefore, he is the main antagonist of Luka, who wants to positively influence the other residents of the shelter.

Satin Konstantin

AT THE BOTTOM Pictures
Play (1902, publ. 1903)

Satin Konstantin is one of the inhabitants of the shelter, a former telegraph operator. In his own words, in his youth he played on stage, danced well and was a cheerful person; but, having killed the man who had deceived his sister, he went to prison and was completely changed. S. is a card sharper and a drunkard, in whose speech the remnants of his former “intelligence” sometimes appear, albeit in a grotesque form. Actor S. says that Luka “lied” about the free hospital. To Kleshch, Anna’s husband, who sold all the tools to bury his wife, S. advises “to do nothing” and “just burden the earth”: “Think about it - you won’t work, I won’t... hundreds more... thousands more ... All! - understand? Everyone quits working!” S. jokingly advises Ash to kill Kostylev and marry Vasilisa. When the murder is actually committed, S. calms Ash by volunteering to be a witness for the defense. Despite the ironic attitude towards Luka, after his disappearance S. says that he was not a charlatan: “A man - that’s the truth! He understood it<...>He lied... but it was out of pity for you.” Although S. states that “lies are the religion of slaves and masters,” but, according to him, Luke affected him “like acid on an old dirty coin”; S. pronounces an abstract “revolutionary” monologue about man as the highest value: “Everything is in man, everything is for man. Only man exists, everything else is the work of his hands and his brain! Human! It's great! It sounds... proud! Human! We must respect the person! Don't feel sorry, don't humiliate him with pity...<...>Man is beyond satiety! S. owns the last line in the play; to Bubnov’s words that the Actor hanged himself, he replies: “He ruined the song... you fool!”

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February 7, 2014

In the play “At the Bottom,” Gorky wanted to describe the real life of people who descended to the lowest rung of society. To do this, the writer visited shelters, flophouses, and communicated with lost individuals. All of his characters are based on real people whom Gorky met while traveling around Russia. In Moscow at that time there was a Khitrov market, which was a gathering place for beggars, thieves, prostitutes and murderers. It became the prototype of the shelter. In the play, people with different characters and outlooks on life meet under one roof: the trusting Actor, the dreamy Nastya, the terminally ill Anna, the hard-working Klesh, the compassionate Luka, the skeptical Satin. Gorky wrote “At the Lower Depths” to show the life of the lower classes, their hopelessness.

Mistakes of the past and no future

Previously, Satin was a very cheerful and sociable guy, he played on stage, loved to dance, and make people laugh. An intelligent and well-read person could have had a wonderful future, but fate decreed otherwise. While defending his sister, Satin killed a man, for which he went to prison, which crossed out his entire life, because with a criminal record, no one needs him. The hero does not consider himself alive, he simply exists in Kostylev’s rooming house. He got drunk, became addicted to cards, lost interest in life - that’s how Satin ended up at the bottom.

Confrontation between bitter truth and sweet lies

Konstantin Satin is the antagonist of Luka, a wanderer who pities all the inhabitants of the shelter and invents his own truth for everyone. The new resident instills in others faith in a better future, although he himself does not believe that life can somehow be changed. Luka promises the Actor to give the address of a free hospital for alcoholics, calms the dying Anna, and supports Nastya’s illusions. He feels sorry for people who find themselves at the bottom for some reason. Satin, whose characteristics reveal him as a sane person, calls everything a “mirage.” It seems that he alone understands the hopelessness of such a life and does not believe the sweet speeches of the wanderer.

Truth makes a man free

From the hero’s speeches and his actions, we can conclude that Satin ended up at the bottom quite by accident. The characterization shows how kind he is at heart, because he loved his sister and was the first to run to protect Natasha. The hero does not accept lies, believing that they humiliate and make him a slave. Konstantin speaks the right things, but it is so difficult to be strong, brave and independent, because it is much easier to meet Luka and succumb to the temptation to invent an illusory world for yourself. Human weaknesses and what they can lead to are discussed in Gorky’s play “At the Bottom.” Satin (the characterization speaks of him as an intelligent, but skeptical person looking at the world) does not build an illusory world for himself, he would be glad to believe Luke, but he has no hope for a better future.